Publication Date:
2024-03-15
Description:
In coastal systems, organisms are exposed to a multitude of stressors whose interactions and effects are poorly studied. Pharmaceutical drugs and Climate Change consequences, such as reduced pH, are examples of stressors affecting marine organisms, as bivalves. Although a vast literature is available for the effects of these stressors when acting individually, very limited information exists on the impacts that the combination of both can have on marine bivalves. For this reason, this study aimed to evaluate the impacts of a simulated ocean acidification scenario (control pH, 8.0; reduced pH, pH 7.6) on the effects of the antiepileptic carbamazepine (CBZ, 1 μg/L) and the antihistamine cetirizine (CTZ, 0.6 μg/L), when acting individually and combined (CBZ + CTZ), on the edible clam Ruditapes philippinarum. After 28 days of exposure, drug concentrations, bioconcentration factors and biochemical parameters related to the clam's metabolic capacity and oxidative stress were evaluated. The results showed that R. philippinarum clams responded differently to pharmaceutical drugs depending on the pH tested, influencing both bioconcentration and biological responses. In general, drug combined treatments showed fewer impacts than drugs acting alone, and acidification seemed to activate at a higher extension the elimination processes that were not activated under control pH. Also, reduced pH per se exerted negative impacts (e.g., cellular damage) on R. philippinarum and the combination with pharmaceutical drugs did not enhance the toxicity.
Keywords:
Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bioconcentration factor; Bioconcentration factor, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Brackish waters; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Catalase activity, per fresh mass; Catalase activity, standard deviation; Drug concentration per fresh mass; Drug concentration per fresh mass, standard deviation; Electron transport system activity of oyxgen, standard deviation; Energy transport system activity, per fresh mass; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Glutathione reduced/Glutathione oxidized, ratio; Glutathione reduced/Glutathione oxidized, ratio, standard deviation; Glutathione S-transferase activity, per fresh mass; Glutathione S-transferase activity, standard deviation; Glycogen; Glycogen, standard deviation; Laboratory experiment; Lipid peroxidation, per fresh mass; Lipid peroxidation, standard deviation; Mollusca; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Organic toxins; Other metabolic rates; Other studied parameter or process; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Protein carbonylation, per fresh mass; Protein carbonylation, per fresh mass, standard deviation; Proteins, standard deviation; Proteins per fresh mass; Ruditapes philippinarum; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Single species; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Superoxide dismutase, per fresh mass; Superoxide dismutase activity, standard deviation; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Type
Type:
Dataset
Format:
text/tab-separated-values, 464 data points
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