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  • 1
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    Applications of Ko Displacement Theory to the Deformed Shape Predictions of the Doubly-Tapered Ikhana Wing (2009)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The Ko displacement theory, formulated for weak nonuniform (slowly changing cross sections) cantilever beams, was applied to the deformed shape analysis of the doubly-tapered wings of the Ikhana unmanned aircraft. The two-line strain-sensing system (along the wingspan) was used for sensing the bending strains needed for the wing-deformed shapes (deflections and cross-sectional twist) analysis. The deflection equation for each strain-sensing line was expressed in terms of the bending strains evaluated at multiple numbers of strain-sensing stations equally spaced along the strain-sensing line. For the preflight shape analysis of the Ikhana wing, the strain data needed for input to the displacement equations for the shape analysis were obtained from the nodal-stress output of the finite-element analysis. The wing deflections and cross-sectional twist angles calculated from the displacement equations were then compared with those computed from the finite-element computer program. The Ko displacement theory formulated for weak nonlinear cantilever beams was found to be highly accurate in the deformed shape predictions of the doubly-tapered Ikhana wing.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NASA/TP-2009-214652 , DFRC-762 , H-3006
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Fiber Optic Wing Shape Sensing on NASA's Ikhana UAV (2008)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This document discusses the development of fiber optic wing shape sensing on NASA's Ikhana vehicle. The Dryden Flight Research Center's Aerostructures Branch initiated fiber-optic instrumentation development efforts in the mid-1990s. Motivated by a failure to control wing dihedral resulting in a mishap with the Helios aircraft, new wing displacement techniques were developed. Research objectives for Ikhana included validating fiber optic sensor measurements and real-time wing shape sensing predictions; the validation of fiber optic mathematical models and design tools; assessing technical viability and, if applicable, developing methodology and approaches to incorporate wing shape measurements within the vehicle flight control system; and, developing and flight validating approaches to perform active wing shape control using conventional control surfaces and active material concepts.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: NAVAIR Meeting; Feb 07, 2008; Edwards, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Applications of Displacement Transfer Functions to Deformed Shape Predictions of the GIII Swept-Wing Structure (2016)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The displacement transfer functions (DTFs) were applied to the GIII swept wing for the deformed shape prediction. The calculated deformed shapes are very close to the correlated finite element results as well as the measured data. The convergence study showed that using 17 strain stations, the wing-tip displacement prediction error was 1.6 percent, and that there is no need to use a large number of strain stations for G-III wing shape predictions.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: DFRC-E-DAA-TN33921 , Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences (ICAS); Sep 25, 2016 - Sep 30, 2016; Deejeon; Korea, Republic of
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Ko Displacement Theory for Structural Shape Predictions (2010)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The development of the Ko displacement theory for predictions of structure deformed shapes was motivated in 2003 by the Helios flying wing, which had a 247-ft (75-m) wing span with wingtip deflections reaching 40 ft (12 m). The Helios flying wing failed in midair in June 2003, creating the need to develop new technology to predict in-flight deformed shapes of unmanned aircraft wings for visual display before the ground-based pilots. Any types of strain sensors installed on a structure can only sense the surface strains, but are incapable to sense the overall deformed shapes of structures. After the invention of the Ko displacement theory, predictions of structure deformed shapes could be achieved by feeding the measured surface strains into the Ko displacement transfer functions for the calculations of out-of-plane deflections and cross sectional rotations at multiple locations for mapping out overall deformed shapes of the structures. The new Ko displacement theory combined with a strain-sensing system thus created a revolutionary new structure- shape-sensing technology.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: DRC-006-024 , NASA Tech Briefs, December 2010; 21-22
    Format: application/pdf
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