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  • Air pollution effects  (1)
  • Crassulacean acid metabolism  (1)
  • Lupinus arboreus  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal patterns of acid fluctuations and resource storage in the arborescent cactus Opuntia excelsa in relation to light availability and size (1992)
    Springer
    Oecologia 92 (1992), S. 166-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Crassulacean acid metabolism ; Light availability ; Opuntia excelsa ; Resource storage ; Tropical deciduous forest
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We investigated relationships between light availability, diel acid fluctuation, and resource storage in the arborescent cactus Opuntia excelsa growing in western Mexico. We compared canopy and understory individuals from a deciduous forest as well as open-grown plants of the same approximate size as those in the understory. During the wet season light availability and daily fluctuations in titratable acidity (an index of carbon uptake) were lower in the understory than in unshaded habitats. In the dry season all plants had reduced levels of acid fluctuation, with the smallest individuals, regardless of habitat, showing the greatest reduction. These data suggest that light availability in the forest understory constrains carbon assimilation during the wet season, but that a factor associated with plant size, possibly water status, limits carbon gain during the dry season. Plants in all habitats remained physiologically active for at least five months into the dry season. We suggest that this was possible due to the maintenance of constant concentrations of water and nitrogen in the photosynthetically active chlorenchyma. Parenchyma in terminal cladodes showed a different seasonal pattern of resource storage; water content and nitrogen concentration were reduced from the wet to the dry season in the parenchyma. Using the parenchyma to supply photosynthetic tissues during times of reduced resource availability allows O. excelsa to assimilate carbon during times of the year when most other trees in the forest are leafless.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317359
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of multiple stresses on radish growth and resource allocation (1989)
    Springer
    Oecologia 81 (1989), S. 124-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Plant stress ; Raphanus sativus X raphanistrum ; Air pollution effects ; Plant nutrition ; Physiological responses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Acclimation of wild radish plants to a simultaneous combination of SO2 fumigation and decreasing nitrate availability was investigated. Plants were grown for 24 d under continuous daytime (10h) exposure to 0 or 0.4 ppm SO2 and were grown in a nutrient solution with stable nitrate concentrations of 100 μM for the first 15 d, 50 μM from day 15 to day 19, and 25 μM from day 19 to day 24. Analysis of relative growth rates (RGR) showed that radish plants responded rapidly to changes in nitrate availability and that SO2 treatment affected those responses. Shoot RGR of plants from both treatments and root RGR of control plants showed rapid declines and subsequent recoveries in response to decreasing nitrate availability. Root RGR of SO2-treated plants declined rapidly in response to decreased nitrate availability, but did not recover as quickly or completely as root RGR of control plants. Analysis of specific leaf weights and tissue nitrogen concentrations showed that control plants had significantly higher amounts of nitrogen in tissues after nitrate availability was lowered, and had higher rates of nitrate uptake in comparison to SO2-treated plants; especially when nitrate availability was highest. Furthermore, control plants had temporarily higher rates of root respiration in comparison to SO2-treated plants, suggesting that control plants temporarily allocated more resources to physiological processes occurring in roots, such as nutrient uptake. Although SO2-induced changes in growth and resource allocation of plants were relatively small, it was probable that SO2 treatment of radish plants affected plant nitrogen balance, and subsequently affected the ability of plants to respond to decreased nitrate availibility, by affecting resource partitioning to nitrate uptake and root growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377021
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resource heterogeneity generated by shrubs and topography on coastal sand dunes (1996)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 122 (1996), S. 83-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Artemisia pycnocephala ; Light availability ; Lupinus arboreus ; Resource patchiness ; Soil moisture ; Soil nitrogen availability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In early stages of primary succession, colonizing plants can create resource patches that influence the abundance and distribution of other species. To test whether different colonizing shrubs generate contrasting patches on coastal sand dunes, we compared soil characteristics and light availability under the nitrogen-fixing shrub Lupinus arboreus, under the non-nitrogen-fixing shrub Artemisia pycnocephala, and between shrubs on dunes at a site in northern California. Concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and net nitrogen mineralization rates were generally 1–10 times greater in soil under Lupinus than under Artemisia or between shrubs. Soil water content was mostly lower under shrubs. Mean photon flux density near ground level was reduced by at least 80% at ≥ 35 cm inside shrub canopies. Topography appeared to have more effect on soil moisture but less direct effect on nitrogen availability than did Lupinus. However, Lupinus probably increases nitrogen levels more on higher, drier dunes. Microhabitats under and between nitrogen-fixing shrubs constitute a mosaic of individually poor but complementary patches in which high levels of light and moderate levels of soil nitrogen are present but tend not to occur together.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00052818
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