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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnesium distribution in human bone (1994)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 54 (1994), S. 34-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Magnesium ; Bone ; Aging ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The present study was undertaken to reveal the magnesium distribution in human bone. Sixty human ribs, obtained from subjects aged 10–80 years of age, were used. Transverse sections were prepared from the middle region of the human ribs. Adjacent sections were ground to a thickness of about 1000 μm. One section was used for magnesium determination by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and the other was used for analysis with X-ray microanalysis. Thirty micron thick samples were abraded continuously from the periosteal and the endosteal surfaces by abrasive microsampling, as previously described by Weatherell et al. [3]. Results showed that magnesium concentrations were higher in both the periosteal and endosteal surfaces and did not change with age in general, although it tended to be higher among teenagers and lower over 80 years old.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316287
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of fluoride in cortical bone of human rib (1993)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 52 (1993), S. 278-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Fluoride ; Bone ; Human ; Aging ; Sex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary We describe a detailed study of fluoride distribution with age in the human cortical rib bone. Human ribs were obtained from 110 subjects (M:68,F;42) aged 20–93 years. The fluoride distribution from the periosteal to endosteal surfaces of the ribs was determined by sampling each specimen using an abrasive micro-sampling technique, and the samples were analyzed using the fluoride electrode, as described by Weatherell et al. [1]. The concentration of fluoride was highest in the periosteal region, decreased gradually towards the interior of the tissue where the concentration of fluoride tended toward the plateau, and then rose again towards the endosteal surface. Patterns of fluoride distribution changed with age, and the difference between periosteal and endosteal fluoride levels increased with age. Although average fluoride concentrations increased with age in both sexes, there was a significant difference between males and females at the age of about 55 years (P〈0.05).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296652
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Network formation in poly(ethylene terephthalate) by thermooxidative degradation (1970)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 14 (1970), S. 2357-2376 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Gelation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) by heating at 263°-300°C was investigated. Under nitrogen flow, crosslinks were scarcely formed. However in air, degradation and crosslinking were common, and these were accelerated by purging gaseous and sublimable degradation products out of the system with a stream of air. The main component of the sublimate was terephthalic acid. Infusible and insoluble gel was treated with methanol at 260°C, and then the methanolysis products were separated into two parts. The methanol-insoluble part exhibited a polyene structure with ester groups, and the methanol-soluble part contained dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol, and some 1,2,4-butanetriol. To clarify the relation between the crosslinking and the formation of vinyl ester groups, the degradation of vinyl methyl terephthalate was studied. Thermoxidative degradation of linear polyesters other than poly(ethylene terephthalate) was also studied. Poly(ethylene isophthalate) and poly(ethylene sebacate) were easily gelated. However, poly(trimethylene terephthalate) and poly(neopentyl terephthalate) were scarcely gelated. The primary reaction leading to crosslinking is assumed as follows. At first, the random scission of polyester chain may take place forming carboxylic acids, vinyl esters, aldehydes, etc. After accumulation of vinyl esters to some extent, vinyl polymerization of the esters takes place and network structures are formed.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1970.070140915
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graft copolymerization by iniferter method; structural analyses of graft copolymer by glass transition temperature (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 40 (1990), S. 1445-1452 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Since 4-vinylbenzyl N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate (VBDC) polymer easily cleaves at the C - S bond and generates benzyl radical, graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) or 4-vinylpyridine (VPy) onto VBDC polymer is easily performed by UV irradiation. The structural analyses of the graft copolymers are performed through glass transition temperature measurements. The graft copolymers of MMA have one Tg and VPy graft copolymers have two Tg's arising from the main and side chains. It becomes clear that the mode of side chains propagation is significantly different for each of the second monomers used.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070400903
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman scattering tensors of tyrosine (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 4 (1998), S. 61-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: L-tyrosine ; polarized Raman spectra ; Raman tensor ; ab initio MO calculation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Polarized Raman scattering measurements have been made of a single crystal of L-tyrosine by the use of a Raman microscope with the 488.0-nm exciting beam from an argon ion laser. The L-tyrosine crystal belongs to the space group P212121 (orthorhombic), and Raman scattering intensities corresponding to the aa, bb, cc, ab and ac components of the crystal Raman tensor have been determined for each prominent Raman band. A similar set of measurements has been made of L-tyrosine-d4, in which four hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring are replaced by deuterium atoms. The effects of NH3 → ND3 and OH → OD on the Raman spectrum have also been examined. In addition, depolarization ratios of some bands of L-tyrosine in aqueous solutions of pH 13 and pH 1 were examined. For comparison with these experimental results, on the other hand, ab initio molecular orbital calculations have been made of the normal modes of vibration and their associated polarizability oscillations of the L-tyrosine molecule. On the basis of these experimental data and by referring to the results of the calculations, discussions have been presented on the Raman tensors associated to some Raman bands, including those at 829 cm-1 (benzene ring breathing), 642 cm-1 (benzene ring deformation), and 432 cm-1 (Cα-Cβ-Cγ bending). © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 4: 61-71, 1998
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polarized raman spectrum of a single crystal of AZT (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 2 (1996), S. 233-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Polarized Raman scattering measurements have been made of a single crystal of AZT (3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine) by the use of a Raman microscope with the 488.0 nm exciting beam from an argon-ion laser. The AZT crystal belongs to the space group P21 (monoclinic), and Raman scattering intensities, corresponding to the aa, bb, c′c′, and bc′ components of the crystal Raman tensor, have been determined for each prominent Raman band. Here, c′-axis was defined as an axis perpendicular to the a-axis in the ac plane. From these experimental data, and on the basis of the known crystal structure, localized Raman tensors have been determined, which are assignable to azido vibrations at 2088 and 1259 cm-1, to thymine at 1666, 1392, 1238, 771, and 495 cm-1 and deoxyribose vibrations at 870, 849 and 739 cm-1. The knowledge of these localized Raman tensors are considered to be useful for probing the orientation of the AZT molecule in a biological system involving it. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared spectrum and crystal structure of cellulose (1957)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 25 (1957), S. 159-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Infrared absorption spectra of oriented cellulose fibers have been observed using polarized radiation. Natural fibers are in general too thick but swelling them in NaOH solution followed by pressing, washing, and drying is an effective way of obtaining a suitable thickness in the 650-3100 cm.-1 region. The dichroism observed for the bands which can be assigned has been interpreted on the basis of the crystal structure of cellulose. The CH stretching band is polarized perpendicular to the fiber axis, in accord with the previously proposed model of the crystal structure (Meyer and Misch). Because both the CH2 symmetric and antisymmetric stretching bands are polarized parallel, a modification of the previously proposed model is necessary. In the region of CH and OH deformation frequencies (1200-1500 cm.-1) nine bands are observed, of which four are polarized parallel and five, perpendicular, to the fiber axis. Deuteration effect of amorphous cellulose on the spectrum in this region was examined. Probable assignments are given for these bands. In the region of CO and CC stretching frequencies (800-1200 cm.-1) all the bands are polarized parallel to the fiber axis. Observations were also made on deuterated cellulose, i.e., cellulose which had been swelled in NaOD. Of the six OD stretching bands observed, five show parallel dichroism, indicating that the OH bands in cellulose are arranged predominantly parallel to the fiber axis. The OH out-of-plane deformation band at 650 cm.-1 is polarized perpendicular to the fiber axis.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1957.1202510904
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen-deuterium exchange of the tryptophan residues in bovine α-lactalbumin (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 15 (1976), S. 1929-1938 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Effects of deuteration on the Raman spectrum of a tryptophan residue have been examined. The 1386 cm-1 line of deuterated tryptophan residue has been found to be useful for tracing the hydrogen-deuterium exchange reaction of this residue in a protein. An examination on bovine α-lactalbumin at pH 6.4 and at 20°C indicates that two of the four tryptophan residues exchange with a rate constant much greater than 9 × 10-4 sec-1, while the other two exchange with a rate constant of 4 × 10-5 sec-1. The latter two have been assigned to Trp 28 and Trp 108 of this protein. The kinetics of hydrogen-deuterium exchange reaction of completely “free” tryptophan residue have been examined by a proton magnetic resonance study on tryptophan itself. By taking the result of this examination into account, the chance of exposure to the solvent for Trp 28 or Trp 108 has been estimated to be 3 × 10-6 at pH 6.4 and at 20°C.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1976.360151005
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman spectrum of a closed-circular DNA (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 24 (1985), S. 1107-1111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360240614
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An A-form poly(dG) · poly(dC) in H2O solutionThis paper and an accompanying paper by G.J. Thomas, Jr. and J.M. Benevides [Biopolymers (1985) 24, 1101-1105] were both submitted for publication in Biopolymers. The respective authors learned of their similar findings on polynucleotide structures at the IXth International Conference on Raman Spectroscopy (Tokyo, August 26-31, 1984). (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 24 (1985), S. 1841-1844 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360240913
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