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  • 1
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    PAR Analysis of HSR Nozzles (1999)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Only recently has computational fluid dynamics (CFD) been relied upon to predict the flow details of advanced nozzle concepts. Computer hardware technology and flow solving techniques are advancing rapidly and CFD is now being used to analyze such complex flows. Validation studies are needed to assess the accuracy, reliability, and cost of such CFD analyses. At NASA Lewis, the PARC2D/3D full Navier-Stokes (FNS) codes are being applied to HSR-type nozzles. This report presents the results of two such PARC FNS analyses. The first is an analysis of the Pratt and Whitney 2D mixer-ejector nozzle, conducted by Dr. Yunho Choi (formerly of Sverdrup Technology-NASA Lewis Group). The second is an analysis of NASA-Langley's axisymmetric single flow plug nozzle, conducted by the author.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: First NASA/Industry High Speed Research Program Nozzle Symposium; 18-1 - 18-21; NASA/CP-1999-209423
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    PIV and Rotational Raman-Based Temperature Measurements for CFD Validation in a Single Injector Cooling Flow (2018)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Film cooling is used in a wide variety of engineering applications for protection of surfaces from hot or combusting gases. The design of more efficient thin film cooling geometries/configurations could be facilitated by an ability to accurately model and predict the effectiveness of current designs using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code predictions. Hence, a benchmark set of flow field property data were obtained for use in assessing current CFD capabilities and for development of better turbulence models. Both Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and spontaneous rotational Raman scattering (SRS) spectroscopy were used to acquire high quality, spatially-resolved measurements of the mean velocity, turbulence intensity and also the mean temperature and normalized root mean square (rms) temperatures in a single injector cooling flow arrangement. In addition to flowfield measurements, thermocouple measurements on the plate surface enabled estimates of the film effectiveness. Raman spectra in air were obtained across a matrix of radial and axial locations downstream from a 68.07 mm square nozzle blowing heated air over a range of temperatures and Mach numbers, across a 30.48cm long plate equipped with a single injector cooling hole. In addition, both centerline streamwise 2-component PIV and cross-stream 3-component Stereo PIV data at 15 axial stations were collected in the same flows. The velocity and temperature data were then compared against Wind-US CFD code predictions for the same flow conditions. The results of this and planned follow-on studies will support NASA's development and assessment of turbulence models for heated flows.
    Keywords: Aeronautics (General)
    Type: GRC-E-DAA-TN56253 , AIAA Aviation Forum; Jun 25, 2018 - Jun 29, 2018; Atlanta, GA; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Parametric Studies of the Ejector Process within a Turbine-Based Combined-Cycle Propulsion System (1999)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Performance characteristics of the ejector process within a turbine-based combined-cycle (TBCC) propulsion system are investigated using the NPARC Navier-Stokes code. The TBCC concept integrates a turbine engine with a ramjet into a single propulsion system that may efficiently operate from takeoff to high Mach number cruise. At the operating point considered, corresponding to a flight Mach number of 2.0, an ejector serves to mix flow from the ramjet duct with flow from the turbine engine. The combined flow then passes through a diffuser where it is mixed with hydrogen fuel and burned. Three sets of fully turbulent Navier-Stokes calculations are compared with predictions from a cycle code developed specifically for the TBCC propulsion system. A baseline ejector system is investigated first. The Navier-Stokes calculations indicate that the flow leaving the ejector is not completely mixed, which may adversely affect the overall system performance. Two additional sets of calculations are presented; one set that investigated a longer ejector region (to enhance mixing) and a second set which also utilized the longer ejector but replaced the no-slip surfaces of the ejector with slip (inviscid) walls in order to resolve discrepancies with the cycle code. The three sets of Navier-Stokes calculations and the TBCC cycle code predictions are compared to determine the validity of each of the modeling approaches.
    Keywords: Aircraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NASA/TM-1999-209172 , NAS 1.15:209172 , AIAA Paper 98-0936 , E-11679 , Aerospace Sciences; Jan 12, 1998 - Jan 15, 1998; Reno, NV; United States
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  • 4
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    Wind-US Code Physical Modeling Improvements to Complement Hypersonic Testing and Evaluation (2009)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This report gives an overview of physical modeling enhancements to the Wind-US flow solver which were made to improve the capabilities for simulation of hypersonic flows and the reliability of computations to complement hypersonic testing. The improvements include advanced turbulence models, a bypass transition model, a conjugate (or closely coupled to vehicle structure) conduction-convection heat transfer capability, and an upgraded high-speed combustion solver. A Mach 5 shock-wave boundary layer interaction problem is used to investigate the benefits of k- s and k-w based explicit algebraic stress turbulence models relative to linear two-equation models. The bypass transition model is validated using data from experiments for incompressible boundary layers and a Mach 7.9 cone flow. The conjugate heat transfer method is validated for a test case involving reacting H2-O2 rocket exhaust over cooled calorimeter panels. A dual-mode scramjet configuration is investigated using both a simplified 1-step kinetics mechanism and an 8-step mechanism. Additionally, variations in the turbulent Prandtl and Schmidt numbers are considered for this scramjet configuration.
    Keywords: Aeronautics (General)
    Type: NASA/TM-2009-215615 , AIAA-2009-193 , E-16931 , 47th Aerospace Sciences Meeting; Jan 05, 2009 - Jan 08, 2009; Orlando, Fl; United States
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  • 5
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    Large-Eddy Simulation: Current Capabilities, Recommended Practices, and Future Research (2009)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper presents the results of an activity by the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) Working Group of the AIAA Fluid Dynamics Technical Committee to (1) address the current capabilities of LES, (2) outline recommended practices and key considerations for using LES, and (3) identify future research needs to advance the capabilities and reliability of LES for analysis of turbulent flows. To address the current capabilities and future needs, a survey comprised of eleven questions was posed to LES Working Group members to assemble a broad range of perspectives on important topics related to LES. The responses to these survey questions are summarized with the intent not to be a comprehensive dictate on LES, but rather the perspective of one group on some important issues. A list of recommended practices is also provided, which does not treat all aspects of a LES, but provides guidance on some of the key areas that should be considered.
    Keywords: Aeronautics (General)
    Type: NASA/TM-2009-215616 , AIAA-2009-948 , E-16932 , 47th Aerospace Sciences Meeting; Jan 05, 2009 - Jan 08, 2009; Orlando, FL; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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