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  • 1
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    Dynamics of fat cell turnover in humans (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-05-06
    Description: Obesity is increasing in an epidemic manner in most countries and constitutes a public health problem by enhancing the risk for cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. Owing to the increase in obesity, life expectancy may start to decrease in developed countries for the first time in recent history. The factors determining fat mass in adult humans are not fully understood, but increased lipid storage in already developed fat cells (adipocytes) is thought to be most important. Here we show that adipocyte number is a major determinant for the fat mass in adults. However, the number of fat cells stays constant in adulthood in lean and obese individuals, even after marked weight loss, indicating that the number of adipocytes is set during childhood and adolescence. To establish the dynamics within the stable population of adipocytes in adults, we have measured adipocyte turnover by analysing the integration of 14C derived from nuclear bomb tests in genomic DNA. Approximately 10% of fat cells are renewed annually at all adult ages and levels of body mass index. Neither adipocyte death nor generation rate is altered in early onset obesity, suggesting a tight regulation of fat cell number in this condition during adulthood. The high turnover of adipocytes establishes a new therapeutic target for pharmacological intervention in obesity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spalding, Kirsty L -- Arner, Erik -- Westermark, Pal O -- Bernard, Samuel -- Buchholz, Bruce A -- Bergmann, Olaf -- Blomqvist, Lennart -- Hoffstedt, Johan -- Naslund, Erik -- Britton, Tom -- Concha, Hernan -- Hassan, Moustapha -- Ryden, Mikael -- Frisen, Jonas -- Arner, Peter -- RR13461/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jun 5;453(7196):783-7. doi: 10.1038/nature06902. Epub 2008 May 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. kirsty.spalding@ki.se〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18454136" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipocytes/*cytology ; Adipose Tissue/anatomy & histology/*cytology ; Adult ; Body Mass Index ; Carbon Radioisotopes ; Cell Count ; Cell Death ; Cell Size ; Humans ; Obesity/pathology ; Stem Cells/*cytology ; Weight Loss
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Evidence for cardiomyocyte renewal in humans (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-04-04
    Description: It has been difficult to establish whether we are limited to the heart muscle cells we are born with or if cardiomyocytes are generated also later in life. We have taken advantage of the integration of carbon-14, generated by nuclear bomb tests during the Cold War, into DNA to establish the age of cardiomyocytes in humans. We report that cardiomyocytes renew, with a gradual decrease from 1% turning over annually at the age of 25 to 0.45% at the age of 75. Fewer than 50% of cardiomyocytes are exchanged during a normal life span. The capacity to generate cardiomyocytes in the adult human heart suggests that it may be rational to work toward the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at stimulating this process in cardiac pathologies.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2991140/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2991140/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bergmann, Olaf -- Bhardwaj, Ratan D -- Bernard, Samuel -- Zdunek, Sofia -- Barnabe-Heider, Fanie -- Walsh, Stuart -- Zupicich, Joel -- Alkass, Kanar -- Buchholz, Bruce A -- Druid, Henrik -- Jovinge, Stefan -- Frisen, Jonas -- P41 GM103483/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P41 RR013461/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P41 RR013461-11/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- RR13461/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Apr 3;324(5923):98-102. doi: 10.1126/science.1164680.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19342590" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Aging ; Carbon Radioisotopes/analysis ; Cell Count ; Cell Nucleus/chemistry ; Cell Nucleus Division ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Separation ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Color ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Myocytes, Cardiac/*cytology/metabolism ; Nuclear Weapons ; Polyploidy ; Radiometric Dating ; Stem Cells/cytology ; Troponin I/analysis ; Troponin T/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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