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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cytoskeletal protein vinculin is acylated by myristic acid
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 213 (1987), S. 428-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Acylation ; Cytoskeleton ; Myristic acid ; Vinculin
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(87)81536-3
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Drosophila WARTS-tumor suppressor and member of the myotonic dystrophy protein kinase family (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    BioEssays 17 (1995), S. 673-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-9247
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Tumor suppressor genes represent a broad class of genes that normally function in the negative regulation of cell proliferation. Loss-of-function mutations in these genes lead to unrestrained cell proliferation and tumor formation. A fundamental understanding of how tumor suppressor genes regulate cell proliferation and differentiation should reveal important aspects of signalling pathways and cell cycle control. A recent report describing the Drosophila tumor suppressor gene warts has implications in the study of the human myotonic dystrophy gene(1). These genes encode members of a cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase subfamily that includes other plant and animal orthologues.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.950170803
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular transformation, tyrosine kinase oncogenes, and the cellular adhesion plaque (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    BioEssays 8 (1988), S. 25-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-9247
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The study of adhesion plaques in normal and transformed cells provides a series of phenotypic markers by which the process of transformation can be followed. Several proteins which are concentrated in adhesion plaques have now been identified; a few of these can act as targets for tyrosine kinase. In an attempt to characterize the relationship between tyrosine phosphorylation and cell transformation, the reactions of three such proteins - vinculin, talin and integrin - with a range of tyrosine kinase oncogene products have been studied in detail.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.950080107
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
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    Quantifying Pilot Contribution to Flight Safety during Hydraulic Systems Failure (2017)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-13
    Description: Accident statistics cite the flight crew as a causal factor in over 60% of large transport aircraft fatal accidents. Yet, a well-trained and well-qualified pilot is acknowledged as the critical center point of aircraft systems safety and an integral safety component of the entire commercial aviation system. The latter statement, while generally accepted, cannot be verified because little or no quantitative data exists on how and how many accidents/incidents are averted by crew actions. A joint NASA/FAA high-fidelity motion-base human-in-the-loop test was conducted using a Level D certified Boeing 737-800 simulator to evaluate the pilot's contribution to safety-of-flight during routine air carrier flight operations and in response to aircraft system failures. To quantify the human's contribution, crew complement (two-crew, reduced crew, single pilot) was used as the independent variable in a between-subjects design. This paper details the crew's actions, including decision-making, and responses while dealing with a hydraulic systems leak - one of 6 total non-normal events that were simulated in this experiment.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: NF1676L-25650 , International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2017); Jul 17, 2017 - Jul 21, 2017; Los Angeles, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Quantifying Pilot Contribution to Flight Safety During an In-Flight Airspeed Failure (2017)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Accident statistics cite the flight crew as a causal factor in over 60% of large transport fatal accidents. Yet a well-trained and well-qualified crew is acknowledged as the critical center point of aircraft systems safety and an integral component of the entire commercial aviation system. A human-in-the-loop test was conducted using a Level D certified Boeing 737-800 simulator to evaluate the pilot's contribution to safety-of-flight during routine air carrier flight operations and in response to system failures. To quantify the human's contribution, crew complement was used as an independent variable in a between-subjects design. This paper details the crew's actions and responses while dealing with an in-flight airspeed failure. Accident statistics often cite flight crew error (Baker, 2001) as the primary contributor in accidents and incidents in transport category aircraft. However, the Air Line Pilots Association (2011) suggests "a well-trained and well-qualified pilot is acknowledged as the critical center point of the aircraft systems safety and an integral safety component of the entire commercial aviation system." This is generally acknowledged but cannot be verified because little or no quantitative data exists on how or how many accidents/incidents are averted by crew actions. Anecdotal evidence suggest crews handle failures on a daily basis and Aviation Safety Action Program data generally supports this assertion, even if the data is not released to the public. However without hard evidence, the contribution and means by which pilots achieve safety of flight is difficult to define. Thus, ways to improve the human ability to contribute or overcome deficiencies are ill-defined.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: NF1676L-25835 , International Symposium on Aviation Psychology (ISAP); May 08, 2017 - May 11, 2017; Dayton, OH; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Repeated Induction of Inattentional Blindness in a Simulated Aviation Environment (2017)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The study reported herein is a subset of a larger investigation on the role of automation in the context of the flight deck and used a fixed-based, human-in-the-loop simulator. This paper explored the relationship between automation and inattentional blindness (IB) occurrences in a repeated induction paradigm using two types of runway incursions. The critical stimuli for both runway incursions were directly relevant to primary task performance. Sixty non-pilot participants performed the final five minutes of a landing scenario twice in one of three automation conditions: full automation (FA), partial automation (PA), and no automation (NA). The first induction resulted in a 70 percent (42 of 60) detection failure rate with those in the PA condition significantly more likely to detect the incursion compared to the FA condition or the NA condition. The second induction yielded a 50 percent detection failure rate. Although detection improved (detection failure rates declined) in all conditions, those in the FA condition demonstrated the greatest improvement with doubled detection rates. The detection behavior in the first trial did not preclude a failed detection in the second induction. Group membership (IB vs. Detection) in the FA condition showed a greater improvement than those in the NA condition and rated the Mental Demand and Effort subscales of the NASA-TLX (NASA Task Load Index) significantly higher for Time 2 compared Time 1. Participants in the FA condition used the experience of IB exposure to improve task performance whereas those in the NA condition did not, indicating the availability and reallocation of attentional resources in the FA condition. These findings support the role of engagement in operational attention detriment and the consideration of attentional failure causation to determine appropriate mitigation strategies.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: NF1676L-26718 , Human Factors and Ergonomics Society; Oct 09, 2017 - Oct 13, 2017; Austin, TX; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    An Assessment of Reduced Crew and Single Pilot Operations in Commercial Transport Aircraft Operations (2017)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Future reduced crew operations or even single pilot operations for commercial airline and on-demand mobility applications are an active area of research. These changes would reduce the human element and thus, threaten the precept that "a well-trained and well-qualified pilot is the critical center point of aircraft systems safety and an integral safety component of the entire commercial aviation system." NASA recently completed a pilot-in-the-loop high fidelity motion simulation study in partnership with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) attempting to quantify the pilot's contribution to flight safety during normal flight and in response to aircraft system failures. Crew complement was used as the experiment independent variable in a between-subjects design. These data show significant increases in workload for single pilot operations, compared to two-crew, with subjective assessments of safety and performance being significantly degraded as well. Nonetheless, in all cases, the pilots were able to overcome the failure mode effects in all crew configurations. These data reflect current-day flight deck equipage and help identify the technologies that may improve two-crew operations and/or possibly enable future reduced crew and/or single pilot operations.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: NF1676L-26640 , IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC''17); Sep 17, 2017 - Sep 21, 2017; St. Petersburg, FL; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Quantifying Pilot Contribution to Flight Safety during Drive Shaft Failure (2017)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Accident statistics cite the flight crew as a causal factor in over 60% of large transport aircraft fatal accidents. Yet, a well-trained and well-qualified pilot is acknowledged as the critical center point of aircraft systems safety and an integral safety component of the entire commercial aviation system. The latter statement, while generally accepted, cannot be verified because little or no quantitative data exists on how and how many accidents/incidents are averted by crew actions. A joint NASA/FAA high-fidelity motion-base simulation experiment specifically addressed this void by collecting data to quantify the human (pilot) contribution to safety-of-flight and the methods they use in today's National Airspace System. A human-in-the-loop test was conducted using the FAA's Oklahoma City Flight Simulation Branch Level D-certified B-737-800 simulator to evaluate the pilot's contribution to safety-of-flight during routine air carrier flight operations and in response to aircraft system failures. These data are fundamental to and critical for the design and development of future increasingly autonomous systems that can better support the human in the cockpit. Eighteen U.S. airline crews flew various normal and non-normal procedures over a two-day period and their actions were recorded in response to failures. To quantify the human's contribution to safety of flight, crew complement was used as the experiment independent variable in a between-subjects design. Pilot actions and performance during single pilot and reduced crew operations were measured for comparison against the normal two-crew complement during normal and non-normal situations. This paper details the crew's actions, including decision-making, and responses while dealing with a drive shaft failure - one of 6 non-normal events that were simulated in this experiment.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: NF1676L-26644 , IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC''17); Sep 17, 2017 - Sep 21, 2017; St. Petersburg, FL; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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