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  • 1
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    Handbook of Chlor-Alkali Technology : Volume I: Fundamentals (2005)
    Boston, MA : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Chemical engineering ; Chemistry ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Chemistry, inorganic
    ISBN: 9780306486241
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/b113786
    Language: English
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    E-BOOK
  • 2
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    A Background Noise Reduction Technique Using Adaptive Noise Cancellation for Microphone Arrays (2011)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Background noise in wind tunnel environments poses a challenge to acoustic measurements due to possible low or negative Signal to Noise Ratios (SNRs) present in the testing environment. This paper overviews the application of time domain Adaptive Noise Cancellation (ANC) to microphone array signals with an intended application of background noise reduction in wind tunnels. An experiment was conducted to simulate background noise from a wind tunnel circuit measured by an out-of-flow microphone array in the tunnel test section. A reference microphone was used to acquire a background noise signal which interfered with the desired primary noise source signal at the array. The technique s efficacy was investigated using frequency spectra from the array microphones, array beamforming of the point source region, and subsequent deconvolution using the Deconvolution Approach for the Mapping of Acoustic Sources (DAMAS) algorithm. Comparisons were made with the conventional techniques for improving SNR of spectral and Cross-Spectral Matrix subtraction. The method was seen to recover the primary signal level in SNRs as low as -29 dB and outperform the conventional methods. A second processing approach using the center array microphone as the noise reference was investigated for more general applicability of the ANC technique. It outperformed the conventional methods at the -29 dB SNR but yielded less accurate results when coherence over the array dropped. This approach could possibly improve conventional testing methodology but must be investigated further under more realistic testing conditions.
    Keywords: Acoustics
    Type: NF1676L-11638 , 17th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference; Jun 06, 2011 - Jun 08, 2011; Portland, OR; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbocyclic analogs of nucleosides. Part 2.Part 1: [1].. Synthesis of 2′,3′-dideoxy-5′-homonucleoside analogs (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 75 (1992), S. 1944-1954 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A set of derivatives of cyclopentaneacetic acid cis-substituted at position 3 by nucleoside bases (both purines and pyrimidines) were prepared and characterized (see 11, 14, and 23a, b; Schemes 2-4). These molecules are carbocyclic analogs of 2′,3′-dideoxy-5′-homonucleosides. In this synthesis, the skeleton was constructed from norbornanone and a novel method based on Mitsunobu chemistry used for the introduction of nucleoside-base substituents. The scope of this method was further explored via the preparation of a cyclobutyl analog of dideoxyguanosine (see 17, Scheme 3).
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19920750620
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbocyclic Analogs of Nucleosides. Part 3Part 2: [1].. Synthesis of a new sulfone analog of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 76 (1993), S. 248-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The novel uncharged analog 2 of adenosine 3′,5′ -monophosphate (1) was prepared in its racemic form. To increase membrane permeability, the phosphate diester monoanion group of 1 was replaced by a dimethylene sulfone unit ( = methanosulfonylmethano group), and the 2′-OH group was removed. To decrease lability against acid-catalyzed depurination, the ring O-atom was replaced by a CH2 group. All three modifications are also expected to increase the stability of analog 2 towards enzymatic degradation. The carbocyclic skeleton of 2 was constructed from trinorbornenecarbaldehyde 3 (see Scheme 1-3), and the adenine precursor 6-chloropurine was introduced in the carbocyclic unit via an SN2 reaction based on Mitsunobu chemistry (Schemes 4 and 5).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19930760118
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbocyclic Analogs of Nucleosides. Part 4.Part 3: [1]. Preparation of enantiomerically pure analogs of purine nucleosides for the synthesis of sulfone-linked oligonucleotide analogs (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 76 (1993), S. 826-841 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cyclopentane derivatives bearing a 3-(hydroxymethyl) group, a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl) functionality, and a nucleoside base are carbocyclic variants of nucleoside analogs previously described as building blocks for the preparation of oligonucleotide analogs having dimethylene sulfone (= methanosulfonylmethano) linking groups replacing the phosphodiester linking units found in natural oligonucleotides. These carbocyclic nucleoside analogs (e.g. 17 and 20) are stable to both acid-catalyzed depurination and base-catalyzed hydrolysis, in contrast with most non-ionic analogs of oligonucleotides. Furthermore, they can be prepared with complete control over the stereochemistry at the ‘anomeric’ center. A procedure is given for preparing these purine-nucleoside analogs via the construction of an enantiomerically pure carbocyclic skeleton (Schemes 1-3), followed by a Mitsunobu-type reaction to introduce the purine-base derivatives (Scheme 4). Furthermore, preliminary results for the coupling of these analogs to yield nucleoside dimers (e.g. 26) are also reported (Scheme 5).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19930760207
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Für Ihre Dokumentation von Nr. 3/97 Chemie in unserer Zeit (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie in unserer Zeit 31 (1997), S. 154-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2851
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ciuz.19970310312
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemische Bindung anschaulich: die Elektronen-Lokalisierungs-Funktion (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie in unserer Zeit 31 (1997), S. 110-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2851
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Electron Localization Function (ELF) describes chemical bonding through localized pairs of electrons and gives a quantum mechanical basis to the representation of the chemical bond as a line. Computer graphics produce illustrative and intuitive pictures of the shell structure of atoms, ionic, covalent, and coordinative bonds, or multiple bonds and lone pairs of electrons. Resonance formulas, delocalized bonds, and the space occupied by electron pairs can be visualized in the same manner.
    Notes: Die ELF ist ein Maß für die Abstoßung der Elektronepaare (Pauli-Abstoßung) und kann aus quantenmechen Rechnungen erhalten werden. Mit Hilf dieser Funktion kann man den Raum in Bereiche unterteilen, die man den Elektronenpaaren zuordnet (Elektronenpaarbereiche).
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ciuz.19970310303
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The crystal and molecular structure of an asymmetric diacetylene monomer, 6-(4-dimethylaminobenzoyloxy)-2,4-hexadiynyl 3,5-dinitrobenzoate (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 187 (1986), S. 2241-2249 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The crystal and molecular structure of an asymmetric diacetylene derivative, 6-(4-dimethylaminobenzoyloxy)-2,4-hexadiynyl 3,5-dinitrobenzoate (1), was determined from x-ray diffraction data. The crystals are monoclinic, P21/c with Z = 4 in a unit cell having dimensions, a = 11,116 (1) Å, b = 13,429 (2) Å, c = 14,672 (3) Å, β = 106,84 (6)°. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by least-squares techniques to an RF of 6,2% for 1 991 independent reflections. The diacetylene backbone chains are almost perfectly parallel to the ac-plane; however, they are displaced from each other in the [010] direction. The solid-state polymerization mechanism is discussed with respect to the geometric disposition of the diacetylene chains, which in this crystal are too far apart to permit polymerization by means of 1,4-addition, consistent with the Baughman mechanistic model.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1986.021870921
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secondary relaxation behavior of some diene polymers (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 23 (1979), S. 299-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070230127
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Vanadinverbindungen (1907)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 52 (1907), S. 368-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0863-1778
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wurde eine bequeme Methode zur elektrolytischen Darstellung der Vanadisalze ausgearbeitet.Es wurde das elektromotorische Verhalten gelöster Vanadinsalze in verschiedenen Oxydationsstufen untersucht.Es wurde qualitativ das Verhalten der Vanadinsalze zu verschiedenen Oxydations- und Reduktionsmitteln, sowie zu Bikarbonatlösungen untersucht.Es wurde quantitativ die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit zwischen Vanadi- und Silbersulfat, sowie der katalytische Einflufs von Eisen- und Kupfersalzen auf diese Reaktion untersucht.Bei Gegenwart von Kupfersalzen wird in dieser Reaktion eine Anfangsbeschleunigung beobachtet, die mit einer amorphen Ausscheidung des Silbers Hand in Hand geht.Es wurden die qualitativen Methoden zum Nachweis von Vanadi- und Vanadoverbindungen kritisch besprochen.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19070520133
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