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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 6 (1988), S. 106-111 
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Nitrification ; Denitrification ; Soil water content ; N2O production ; Acetylene ; Ammonium fixation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effect of soil water content [60%–100% water-holding capacity (WHC)] on N2O production during autotrophic nitrification and denitrification in a loam soil was studied in a laboratory experiment by selectively inhibiting nitrification with a low C2H2 concentration (2.1 Pa). Nitrifiers usually produced more N2O than denitrifiers. During an initial experimental period of 0–6 days the nitrifiers produced more N2O than the denitrifiers by a factor ranging from 1.4 to 16.5, depending on the water content and length of incubation. The highest N2O production rate by nitrifiers was observed at 90% WHC, when the soil had become partly anaerobic, as indicated by the high denitrification rate. At 100% WHC there were large gaseous losses from denitrification, while nitrification losses were smaller except for the first period of measurement, when there was still some O2 remaining in the soil. The use of 10 kPa C2H2 to inhibit reduction of N2O to N2 stimulated the denitrification process during prolonged incubation over several days; thus the method is unsuitable for long-term studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Denitrification ; Nitrification ; Selective inhibitors ; Nitrapyrin ; Acetylene ; Nitrous oxide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Nitrapyrin and C2H2 were evaluated as nitrification inhibitors in soil to determine the relative contributions of denitrification and nitrification to total N2O production. In laboratory experiments nitrapyrin, or its solvent xylene, stimulated denitrification directly or indirectly and was therefore considered unsuitable. Low partial pressures of C2H2 (2.5–5.0 Pa) inhibited nitrification and had only a small effect on denitrification, which made it possible to estimate the contribution of denitrification. The contribution of nitrification was estimated by subtracting the denitrification value from total N2O production (samples without C2H2). The critical C2H2 concentrations needed to achieve inhibition of nitrification, without affecting the N2O reductase in denitrifiers, must be individually determined for each set of experimental conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 67 (1982), S. 15-34 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Acetylene ; Denitrification ; Immobilization ; Mineralization ; Microbial processes N-cycling ; N2-fixation ; Nitrification ; Nitrate reduction ; Oxygen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Resumen La mayoría de las transformaciones del nitrógeno en el suelo ocurren a través de los micro-organismos. Se requiere asi un conocimiento de los procesos microbiológicos con el fin de desarrollar las prácticas de manejo de los sistemas agrícolas que optimicen la absorción de nitrógeno por las raices y que minimicen las pérdidas de nitrógeno de los sistemas. Se discuten algunos aspectos de ciertos procesos microbiológicos en el ciclo de nitrógeno como su importancia para el manejo eficiente de agroecosistemas. Varios grupos de microorganismos compiten por el nitrógeno disponible y se requieren dados cuantitativos sobre la cinética de absorción de estos grupos de manera de estimar su capacidad de competir bajo diferentes condiciones. La influencia de los factores abióticos tales como la concentración de oxígeno, la concentración de nitrógeno inorgánico y el pH se discuten en relación a los diferentes procesos. Se discute también la importancia del acetileno como herramienta para estudiar el ciclo de nitrógeno.
    Notes: Abstract Most nitrogen transformations in soil are carried out by micro-organisms. An understanding of the microbiological processes is thus necessary in order for us to devise management practices in agricultural ecosystems, which will optimize plant root uptake of nitrogen and minimize nitrogen losses from the systems. Some aspects of the individual microbiological processes in the nitrogen cycle are discussed and their importance for an efficient management of agroecosystems. In soil various groups of organisms compete for available inorganic nitrogen and quantitative data are needed on the uptake kinetics for these various groups in order to be able to assess their competitive ability under different conditions. The influence of abiotic factors such as oxygen concentration, inorganic nitrogen concentration and pH is discussed in relation to the different processes. The importance of acetylene as a tool in nitrogen cycling studies is discussed briefly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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