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  • Chromoplasts  (6)
  • Menaquinones  (2)
  • Nicotine  (2)
  • Acetabularia  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β-Carotene synthesis in isolated chromoplasts from Narcissus pseudonarcissus (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 150 (1980), S. 435-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Carotene synthesis ; Chromoplasts ; Narcissus ; Polyprenoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A system has been established from isolated intact chromoplasts of Narcissus pseudonarcissus flowers that synthesizes geranylgeraniol, an unknown polyprenoid alcohol, phytoene, and β-carotene from [1-14C]isopentenyl pyrophosphate in a good yeild. Long chain pyrophosphates are not accumulated. San 6706 inhibits the dehydrogenation of phytoene, whereas nicotine does not lead to an accumulation of lycopene. Separation and identification of polyprenoid lipids was performed by HPLC. The properties and advantages of the chromoplast system are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390182
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the compartmentation of isopentenyl diphosphate synthesis and utilization in plant cells (1981)
    Springer
    Planta 153 (1981), S. 578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Chloroplasts ; Chromoplasts ; Isopentenyl diphosphate ; Narcissus ; Polyprenoids ; Spinacia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Purified spinach chloroplast and daffodil chromoplast preparations do not use mevalonate, phosphomevalonate, and diphosphomevalonate for the synthesis of isopentenyl diphosphate. Isopentenyl diphosphate, on the other hand, is incorporated into plastidal polyprenoids in large amounts. In the presence of a cytoplasmic supernatant, however, mevalonate and the phosphomevalonates were incorporated into the plastidal polyprenoids in equally large amounts, which demonstrates that the enzymes mevalonate kinase (EC 2.7.1.36), phosphomevalonate kinase (EC 2.7.4.2), and diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.33) are soluble cytoplasmic enzymes and that they apparently do not occur as isoenzymes within the plastids. The concept is developed that isopentenyl diphosphate is a central intermediate in plant polyprenoid formation which is channeled into several compartment for different biosynthetic pathways.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385544
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Galactolipid synthesis in chromoplasts in vitro (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 144 (1979), S. 467-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Acyltransferase ; Chromoplasts ; Diacylglycerol galactosyltransferase ; Galactolipid synthesis ; Narcissus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Isolated chromoplasts from Narcissus pseudonarcissus flowers contain: a fatty acid synthesizing system; acyl-CoA synthetase (EC 6.2.1.3); glycero-phosphate acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.15); acylglycero-phosphate acyltransferase; phosphatidate phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.4); diacylglycerol galactosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.46); and diacylgalactosylglycerol galactosyltransferase, i.e. all enzymatic activities necessary for the synthesis of diacylgalactosylglycerol and diacylgalabiosylglycerol from acetate, HCO - 3 , sn-glycerol 3-phosphate, and UDP-d-galactose. Diacylgalactosylglycerol and diacylgalabiosylglycerol, however, are synthesized from these precursors to only a very low extent in an in vitro system. This is attributed to a specificity of diacylglycerol galactosyltransferase for highly unsaturated diacylglycerols. Specificities of acyltransferase reactions were also found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380124
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphate translocator and adenylate translocator in chromoplast membranes (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 150 (1980), S. 170-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Adenylate translocator ; Chromoplasts ; Fatty acid synthesis ; Narcissus ; Phosphate translocator
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract It is shown by the criteria of saturation kinetics, specificity, and inhibition experiments that chromoplast membranes from the daffodil flower contain a phosphate translocator for the counter-exchange of phosphate, and 3-phosphoglycerate, as well as phosphoenolpyruvate; they also contain an adenylate translocator. This is the first report on the occurrence of these translocators in non-green plastids. Both translocators exhibit certain dissimilar properties when compared to the corresponding systems of chloroplasts. The transport rates of both translocators are sufficient to allow a prominent fatty acid synthesis in isolated chromoplasts when C3 intermediates of the glycolytic pathway or adenine nucleotides are used as energy sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00582362
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of carotenoid synthesis in Myxococcus fulvus (Myxobacterales) (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 97 (1974), S. 217-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Myxobacteria ; Carotenoid Glucosides ; Carotenoid Synthesis ; Nicotine ; Diphenylamine ; Herbicides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 1. The inhibitory effects of CPTA, nicotine, DPA, and San 6706 on carotenogenesis in Myxococcus fulvus were investigated. 2. The effects of CPTA, D-nicotine, and L-nicotine were very similar. The action of the drugs wasadditive. The cyclization was inhibited at low doses, the introduction of the hydroxyl group at C-1′ at higher doses. Lycopene accumulated at high drug concentration. The mode of action of the inhibitors is discussed. 3. In a carotenoid mutant of M. fulvus a stimulation of the “7,8-dehydrogenase” by CPTA was observed. 4. The specific carotenoid content of bacteria was increased by DPA due to an enhanced formation of phytoene. At low doses of DPA small amounts of an intermediate carotenoid glucoside ester, a 7,8-dihydro derivative, were detected. 5. DPA was taken up by the plasma membrane. Quantitative removal of DPA by washing was not possible. 6. San 6706 specifically and reversibly blocked the desaturation of phytoene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00403061
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carotenoid glucosides and menaquinones from the gliding bacterium Herpetosiphon giganteus Hp a2 (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 112 (1977), S. 307-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Herpetosiphon ; Gliding bacteria ; Carotenoid glucosides ; Menaquinones ; Chemosystematic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The gliding bacterium Herpetosiphon giganteus Hp a2 was shown to contain γ-carotene, one monoglucosyloxy and two new diglucosyloxy carotenoids with a x-O-acyl-diglucosyloxy carotenoid as main component. Flexirubin-like pigments could not be detected in this organism. As in the Myxobacterales and Cytophagales (Kleinig et al., 1974) menaquinones (MK-6 and MK-7) were found to be the only isoprenoid quinones present in Herpetosiphon. The chemosystematic implications of these findings are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00413098
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flexibacter elegans and Myxococcus fulvus: Aerobic gram-negative bacteria containing menaquinones as the only isoprenoid quinones (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 101 (1974), S. 91-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Flexibacter ; Myxococus ; Gliding Bacteria ; Menaquinones
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The aerobic Gram-negative gliding bacteria, Flexibacter elegans (Cytophagales) and Myxococcus fulvus (Myxobacterales) contain exclusively menaquinones as isoprenoid quinones. Each strain produces 3 different menaquinones. The menaqinone content of Flexibacter elegans was 1.5 μmol/g dry cells, with MK-7 as the main compound (〉99%). MK-7 was identified by mass and n.m.r. spectroscopy. Myxococcus fulvus contained 2.1 μmol menaquinones per g dry mass, with more than 90% being MK-8.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00455928
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carotenoids of Rhizobia (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 119 (1978), S. 71-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Rhizobium lupini ; Carotenoids ; Nicotine ; CPTA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract With increasing concentrations in the growth medium of the cyclization inhibitors nicotine or 2-(4-chlorophenylthio)-triethylamine hydrochloride (CPTA) the previously identified bicyclic carotenoids of Rhizobium lupini (2,3,2′,3′-tetrahydroxy-β,β-caroten-4-one and 2,3,2′,3′-tetrahydroxy-β,β-carotene) were successively replaced by hitherto unknown monocyclic carotenoids. By application of mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 3 carotenoids were identified as 2,3-trans-dihydroxy-β,ψ-caroten-4-one, 2,3-trans-dihydroxy-β,ψ-carotene, and 3-hydroxy-β,ψ-caroten-4-one. A further compound was tentatively established as (2- or 3-)monohydroxy-β,ψ-carotene. It was found that other inhibitors such as diphenylamine or 4-chloro-5-(dimethylamino)-2-α,α,α(trifluoro-m-tolyl)-3-(2H)-pyridazinone (San 6706) did not affect the pigment pattern. The results are discussed in relation to carotenoid biosynthesis in Rhizobium lupini.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00407930
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The site of carotenogenic enzymes in chromoplasts from Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. (1982)
    Springer
    Planta 154 (1982), S. 66-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Carotene synthesis ; Carotenogenic enzymes ; Chromoplasts ; Membranes ; Narcissus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The membranes from the chromoplasts of Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. which are derived from the inner envelope membrane are the site of β-carotene synthesis from [1-14C]isopentenyl diphosphate. The enzymes involved are partly peripheral membrane proteins (prenyltransferase, phytoene synthase) and partly integral membrane proteins (cis-trans isomerase, dehydrogenase(s), cyclase(s)). Metabolic channeling is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385498
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prenyl lipid and fatty-acid synthesis in isolatedAcetabularia chloroplasts (1990)
    Springer
    Planta 181 (1990), S. 229-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Acetabularia ; Acyl lipid formation ; Chloroplast (fatty-acid synthesis) ; Fatty acid (synthesis) ; Prenyl lipid formation ; Mevalonate pathway
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A gentle procedure allowed the isolation of intact and highly active chloroplasts from the unicellular green algaAcetabularia mediterranea. These chloroplasts incorporated carbon from NaH14CO3 into fatty acids and prenyl lipids at a rate of about 20–50 nmol carbon· (mg chlorophyll)−1·h−1. Most of the fatty acids formed in vitro were esterified in galactolipids. The main prenyl lipids synthesized were the chlorophyll side chain, intermediates of the carotenogenic path, α-and β-carotene, as well as lutein. Large amounts of [1-14C]acetate were incorporated, but exclusively into fatty acids.Isopentenyl diphosphate was a good substrate for prenyl-lipid formation in hypotonically treated chloroplasts. The envelope of intact chloroplasts, however, was impermeable to this compound. Intermediates of the mevalonate pathway were not accepted as precursors under conditions whereisopentenyl diphosphate was well incorporated. The results show that the lipid biosynthetic pathways in the plastids ofAcetabularia, a member of the ancient family of Dasycladaceae, are very similar to those in higher-plant plastids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02411543
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