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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diversity of calcium-efflux transporters in wheat aleurone cells (1995)
    Springer
    Planta 197 (1995), S. 19-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Aleurone ; ATPase ; Calcium ; Calmodulin ; Membrane Transport ; Triticum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ability of plant cells to regulate cellular calcium is dependent upon the action of calcium-transport proteins. Although significant progress has been made in identifying calcium-transporter activities (CaTs) in a number of plant tissues, very little is known about the diversity of CaTs in any single differentiated cell type. We have used isolated membrane vesicles from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) aleurone cells to identify and characterize the principal CaTs that are responsible for efflux of Ca2+ from the cytosol of this highly differentiated cell. Based on the sensitivity of transport to protonophores and on their buoyant density in isopycnic sucrose density gradients, our data show that at least three prominent CaTs can be distinguished in membrane vesicles from aleurone cells. Two of these CaTs, which we have named Type I and Type III, were insensitive to protonophores and were inhibited by vanadate or erythrosin B (EB). Type I was associated with a membrane fraction enriched in endoplasmic reticulum whereas Type III was associated with the plasma membrane. The third prominent CaT, Type II, was inhibited by protonophores and by nitrate and was associated with a membrane fraction enriched in tonoplast. The three CaTs differed significantly in their intrinsic properties. Type I had the highest affinity for Ca2+ (K m, 0.15 μM), was stimulated by oxalate, inhibited by vanadate and erythrosin B, and was unaffected by exogenous calmodulin. Type II exhibited complex kinetics with regard to Ca2+ and was best described as a combination of a low-affinity (K m, 21 μM) and a high-affinity component (K m, 0.2 μM). Type II CaT was stimulated by calmodulin (1 μM) and oxalate, and was inhibited by dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (500 μM). Finally, Type III had an intermediate affinity for Ca2+ (K m, 2.0 μM), was not stimulated by calmodulin or by oxalate, and was inhibited by low concentrations of erythrosin B (0.1 μM). These data provide one of the first comparative investigations of the Ca2+-transport activities in a single highly differentiated cell type. They indicate that at least three CaTs function to regulate cellular Ca2+ and we speculate that cytosolic Ca2+ may be buffered primarily by Type II and Type III CaTs which are associated with an acidic intracellular compartment, probably the vacuole, and with the plasma membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239935
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Mechanisms of tidal oscillatory salt transport in a partially stratified estuary (2015)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2015. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Physical Oceanography 45 (2015): 2773–2789, doi:10.1175/JPO-D-15-0031.1.
    Description: Tidal oscillatory salt transport, induced by the correlation between tidal variations in salinity and velocity, is an important term for the subtidal salt balance under the commonly used Eulerian method of salt transport decomposition. In this paper, its mechanisms in a partially stratified estuary are investigated with a numerical model of the Hudson estuary. During neap tides, when the estuary is strongly stratified, the tidal oscillatory salt transport is mainly due to the hydraulic response of the halocline to the longitudinal variation of topography. This mechanism does not involve vertical mixing, so it should not be regarded as oscillatory shear dispersion, but instead it should be regarded as advective transport of salt, which results from the vertical distortion of exchange flow obtained in the Eulerian decomposition by vertical fluctuations of the halocline. During spring tides, the estuary is weakly stratified, and vertical mixing plays a significant role in the tidal variation of salinity. In the spring tide regime, the tidal oscillatory salt transport is mainly due to oscillatory shear dispersion. In addition, the transient lateral circulation near large channel curvature causes the transverse tilt of the halocline. This mechanism has little effect on the cross-sectionally integrated tidal oscillatory salt transport, but it results in an apparent left–right cross-channel asymmetry of tidal oscillatory salt transport. With the isohaline framework, tidal oscillatory salt transport can be regarded as a part of the net estuarine salt transport, and the Lagrangian advective mechanism and dispersive mechanism can be distinguished.
    Description: Tao Wang was supported by the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research (Grant SKLEC-KF201509) and Chinese Scholarship Council. Geyer was supported by by NSF Grant OCE 0926427. Wensheng Jiang was supported by NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers (Grant U1406401).
    Description: 2016-05-01
    Keywords: Geographic location/entity ; Estuaries ; Circulation/ Dynamics ; Baroclinic flows ; Dispersion ; Shear structure/flows ; Atm/Ocean Structure/ Phenomena ; Diapycnal mixing ; Models and modeling ; Regional models
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Total exchange flow, entrainment, and diffusive salt flux in estuaries (2017)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2017. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Physical Oceanography 47 (2017): 1205-1220, doi:10.1175/JPO-D-16-0258.1.
    Description: The linkage among total exchange flow, entrainment, and diffusive salt flux in estuaries is derived analytically using salinity coordinates, revealing the simple but important relationship between total exchange flow and mixing. Mixing is defined and quantified in this paper as the dissipation of salinity variance. The method uses the conservation of volume and salt to quantify and distinguish the diahaline transport of volume (i.e., entrainment) and diahaline diffusive salt flux. A numerical model of the Hudson estuary is used as an example of the application of the method in a realistic estuary with a persistent but temporally variable exchange flow. A notable finding of this analysis is that the total exchange flow and diahaline salt flux are out of phase with respect to the spring–neap cycle. Total exchange flow reaches its maximum near minimum neap tide, but diahaline salt transport reaches its maximum during the maximum spring tide. This phase shift explains the strong temporal variation of stratification and estuarine salt content through the spring–neap cycle. In addition to quantifying temporal variation, the method reveals the spatial variation of total exchange flow, entrainment, and diffusive salt flux through the estuary. For instance, the analysis of the Hudson estuary indicates that diffusive salt flux is intensified in the wider cross sections. The method also provides a simple means of quantifying numerical mixing in ocean models because it provides an estimate of the total dissipation of salinity variance, which is the sum of mixing due to the turbulence closure and numerical mixing.
    Description: T. Wang was supported by the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research (Grant SKLEC-KF201509), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant 2017B03514), and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant XDA11010203). W. R. Geyer was supported by NSF Grant OCE 0926427 and ONR Grant N00014-16-1-2948. P. MacCready was supported by NSF Grant OCE-1634148.
    Description: 2017-09-14
    Keywords: Baroclinic flows ; Conservation equations ; Diapycnal mixing ; Diffusion ; Entrainment ; Mixing
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 4
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    Probing anomalous $WWγ$ triple gauge bosons coupling at the LHeC (2018)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-05-01
    Description: Author(s): Ruibo Li, Xiao-Min Shen, Kai Wang, Tao Xu, Liangliang Zhang, and Guohuai Zhu The precision measurement of the W W γ vertex at the future Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC) at CERN is discussed in this paper. We propose to measure this vertex in the e − p → e − W ± j channel as a complement to the conventional charged current ν e γ j channel. In addition to the cross section measuremen... [Phys. Rev. D 97, 075043] Published Mon Apr 30, 2018
    Keywords: Beyond the standard model
    Print ISSN: 0556-2821
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-4918
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 5
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    Collider phenomenology of e^{−} e^{−} →W^{−} W^{−} (2017)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-15
    Description: Author(s): Kai Wang, Tao Xu, and Liangliang Zhang The Majorana nature of neutrinos is one of the most fundamental questions in particle physics. It is directly related to the violation of accidental lepton number symmetry. This motivated enormous efforts into the search of such processes; among them, one conventional experiment is the neutrinoless … [Phys. Rev. D 95, 075021] Published Fri Apr 14, 2017
    Keywords: Beyond the standard model
    Print ISSN: 0556-2821
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-4918
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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