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  • Directional mutation pressure  (2)
  • Doublets  (2)
  • AT/GC pressure  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nearest-neighbor doublets in protein-coding regions of MS2 RNA (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 9 (1977), S. 299-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Doublets ; Viral RNA, MS2 RNA ; Genetic code
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary “Nearest neighbor” base pairs (“doublets”) in the protein-coding regions of MS2 RNA have been tabulated with respect to their positions in the first two bases of amino acid codons, in the second two bases, or paired by contact between adjoining codons. Considerable variation is evident between numbers of doublets in each of these three possible positions, but the totals of each of the 16 doublets in the coding regions of the MS2 RNA molecule show much less varation. Compilations of doublets in nucleic acid strands have no predictive value for the amino acid composition of proteins coded by such strands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01796117
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Codons and nearest-neighbor nucleotide pairs in mammalian messenger RNA (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 11 (1978), S. 121-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Doublets ; Viral RNA ; Mammalian mRNA ; Genetic code
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The codons in four mammalian messenger RNAs (rabbitβ hemoglobin, rat pre-proinsulin, rat pre-growth hormone and human chorionic somatomammotropin) show a predominance of C and G in third nucleotide positions. The C:U ratio is about 2 to 1, and the G:A ratio is about 4 to 1. The possibility is discussed that this disproportionality resulted from DNA replicative errors that favor C·G pairs over A·T pairs, as found in theE.coli mut T strain. “Nearest neighbor” base pairs (“doublets”) in the protien-coding regions ofφX174 and in four mammalian mRNAs have been compared. Mammalian mRNA has a low content of CpG in comparison with expectations from its C and G content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01733888
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Codon reassignment (codon capture) in evolution (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 28 (1989), S. 271-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Genetic code ; Codon reassignment ; Codon capture ; Directional mutation pressure ; AT/GC pressure ; Wobble rules ; Mitochondria ; Mycoplasma ; Ciliated protozoa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The genetic code, once thought to be “frozen”, show variations from the universal code. Variations are found in mitochondria,Mycoplasma, and ciliated protozoa. The variations results from reassignment of codons, especially stop codons. The ressignments take place by disappearance of a codon from coding sequences, followed by its reappearance in a new role. Simultaneously, a changed anticodon must appear. We discuss the role of directional mutation pressure in the pressure in the events, and we also describe the possibility that such events have taken place during early evolution of the genetic code and can occur during its present evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02103422
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between G + C in silent sites of codons and amino acid composition of human proteins (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 36 (1993), S. 201-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: G + C content ; Silent sites ; GC pressure ; Directional mutation pressure ; Human genome ; Codon usage ; Amino acid composition ; Neutral theory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have investigated the relationship between the G + C content of silent (synonymous) sites in codons and the amino acid composition of encoded proteins for approximately 1,600 human genes. There are positive correlations between silent site G + C and the proportions of codons for Arg, Pro, Ala, Trp, His, Gln, and Leu and negative ones for Tyr, Phe, Asn, Ile, Lys, Asp, Thr, and Glu. The median proteins coded by groups of genes that differ in silent-site G + C content also differ in amino acid composition, as do some proteins coded by homologous genes. The pattern of compositional change can be largely explained by directional mutation pressure, the genetic code, and differences in the frequencies of accepted amino acid substitutions; the shifts in protein composition are likely to be selectively neutral.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00160475
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