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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (4)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The spectral development of the intense gamma-ray burst observed on March 5, 1979 by nine spacecraft spaced on an interplanetary scale is discussed. As observed by the Pioneer Venus Orbiter detector, the hardness ratio of the burst, defined as the ratio between counts in the 100-1000 keV channels to those in the 50-100 keV channel, decreases during the very fast rise and subsequent 75 msec of the burst, consistent with a decrease in black-body temperature from 30 to 26 keV, and then increases during the shoulder on the gamma-ray burst light curve. Following the burst, the source was observed to exhibit many of the characteristics of a hard X-ray pulsar with a period of 8.0 sec and a hardness ratio varying in phase with the intensity. The observed characteristics of the pulsations are interpreted in terms of hot spots at the magnetic poles of a rotating neutron star, although it is shown that the simple cooling of residual hot spots does not completely explain the pulsations. Alternative explanations for the pulsation include accretion or an effect of beam geometry.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Nature; 289; Jan. 8
    Format: text
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: An unusual gamma-ray burst event was observed on 5 March 1979 by nine different spacecraft. The position of the event has been accurately determined as r.a. = 5 h 25.95 min, dec = -66 deg 07.1 arcmin (epoch 1950.0), coincident with the location of the supernova remnant N49 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The burst was of very high intensity, and if isotropic and located at the distance (approximately 55 kpc) of N49 had a peak luminosity of greater than 10 to the 44th erg/sec. Even more interesting is the obvious 8-s periodicity of the event, following the initial very intense outburst. The time history and power spectrum of this event as determined from Pioneer Venus Orbiter data is here reported.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Nature; 285; June 5
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Results from 10 years of observation of Cyg X-1 by the Vela 5B satellite are reported. Good evidence for an approximately 300 day period is found, which is confirmed by independent data from the All-Sky Monitor instrument on Ariel 5. Cyg X-1 varies by about 25 percent with a 294 + or -4 day period. This modulation is apparently unrelated to the known transitions between the source high and low states. Flux minima occur at 1974.05+nP. The 294 day period is consistent with the precession of the supergiant companion HDE 226868 and also with the precession period of a tilted accretion disk. The light curve could be modulated by a change in the mass transfer rate or variable obscuration by ionized matter.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 270; July 1
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The University of California at Berkeley (UCB)/Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) gamma-ray burst experiment on board ISEE-3 is described and initial results of the experiment are presented. The instrument consists of an X-ray spectrometer originally designed to monitor solar emission continuously over the energy range 4.8-1264 keV with additional electronics to record data from the intense, short-lived gamma ray bursts at a very high rate and with good timing accuracy. Since the launch of ISEE-3 into a heliocentric orbit at the inner Lagrangian point in August, 1978, the UCB/LASL experiment has detected and recorded 12 gamma-ray bursts, including the unusually intense burst of November 4, 1978, which exhibited most of the classical gamma-ray burst characteristics, the intense burst of November 19, 1978, with an atypical time history and an unusually hard spectrum, and the extended burst of March 7, 1979. The spectral and temporal data demonstrate the diverse nature of the gamma-ray burst phenomenon, and are currently being combined with those of the Pioneer Venus Orbiter and Venera 11 and 12 to obtain accurate burst locations.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Nature; 286; Aug. 21
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