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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Aperture-dependent infrared photometry of active galactic nuclei are presented which illustrate the importance of eliminating starlight of the galaxy in order to obtain the intrinsic spectral distribution of the active nuclei. Separate components of emission are required to explain the infrared emission with a spectral index of alpha approx = 2 and the typical visual-ultraviolet continuum with alpha approx = 0.3 (where F(nu) varies as nu(sup-alpha). Present evidence does not allow unique determination of the appropriate mechanisms, but the characteristics of each are discussed.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA-CR-174133 , NAS 1.26:174133
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The active-nucleus galaxy Centaurus A has been studied at 2 keV-2.3 MeV using data from the UCSD/MIT hard X-ray and low-energy gamma-ray instrument and the GSFC/CIT cosmic X-ray experiment on HEAO-1. It is found that an E exp -1.60 + or - 0.03 power law spectrum breaking to E exp -2.0 + or - 0.2 at 140 keV best describes the January and July 1978 data. The average intensity was 50% higher during the January observations. Upper limits to unresolved lines at 511 keV and 1.6 MeV were found to be 6.5 x 10 to the -4th photons/sq cm-s and 2.2 x 10 to the -4th photons/sq cm-s, respectively, at the 90% confidence level. The present data are consistent with the detailed calculations of the synchrotron self-Compton mechanism; they may also agree, marginally, with the predictions of emission from spherical accretion onto black holes.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 244
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A break in the optical-infrared spectrum of the X-ray-discovered candidate BL Lac object 1218 + 304 has been observed at a wavelength of about 1 micron. Two possible causes of the break are considered. One is that it is a high-frequency break in a synchrotron spectrum, resulting from radiation losses. The other is that the observed spectrum is a composite of a power-law spectrum and a galaxian spectrum. The radio through X-ray spectral flux distributions of the two X-ray-discovered BL Lac objects, 1218 + 304 and 2155 - 304, are quite similar. If the radio, infrared, and optical radiation have a common origin in an inhomogeneous synchrotron source, then the observed slope of the X-ray spectrum makes it unlikely that the X-radiation is produced by Compton scattering. The observed soft X-radiation from BL Lac objects is better explained as the high-frequency tail of a synchrotron spectrum. The low radio:optical spectral-flux ratios of 1284 + 304 and 2155 - 304 suggest that this ratio may be inversely related to the break frequency for BL Lac objects. In that case, there may be BL Lac objects which have spectral breaks in the ultraviolet, flat optical spectra, and very weak radio emission. Such objects would most easily be discovered through their X-ray emission.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 243
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Optical-infrared (0.36-3.5 microns) photometric data of the radio galaxy 3C 382, obtained in 1976, show a distinct excess at the longest wavelengths, an ultraviolet excess, and a significant increase in brightness since previous photometry by Sandage (1972). A flux excess at infrared wavelengths has also been observed from 3C 227. These properties demonstrate the presence of emission not attributable to stars, probably originating in the nucleus, extending into the infrared portion of the spectrum.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 219
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Abstracts and/or reprints of 34 published reports of studies of the infrared emission of celestial bodies, molecular clouds, and interstellar matter are presented.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA-CR-173525 , NAS 1.26:173525
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Highlights are presented of studies of the emission mechanisms in the 4 to 8 micron region of the spectrum using a circular variable filter wheel spectrometer with a PbSnTe photovoltaic detector. Investigations covered include the spectroscopy of planets, stellar atmospheres, highly obscured objects in molecular clouds, planetary nebulae, H2 regions, and extragalactic objects.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA-CR-173526 , NAS 1.26:173526
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: V, R, and I broadband CCD images, as well as H-alpha spectroscopic observations of Markarian 171, are presented. Two apparently interacting dust-enshrouded galaxies exhibit relatively normal V-R, V-I galactic stellar-population colors in their outer regions, and spatially extended H-alpha emission. However, the dereddened colors imply a hot stellar population. The dual characteristics of narrow H-alpha lines and spatially extended H-alpha emission clearly distinguish this type of activity from that associated with the compact central regions of active galactic nuclei and QSOs. Apparently, in the case of Mk 171 the interaction has induced star formation throughout a significant fraction of the galaxy (kiloparsecs) - not just in the immediate vicinity of the nucleus (parsecs). A peculiar stellar population of hot stars associated with a knot of weak H-alpha emission appears spatially separate from the other emission-line regions. It is possible that this stellar knot is a severed remnant attributable to the gravitational interaction between the two galaxies.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256); 94; 1480-148
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Multiaperture infrared photometry of the nuclei of five Seyfert 1 galaxies is presented. When apertures approaching the seeing limit were used, it was found that all of the nuclei have observed power law energy distributions with F(nu) proportional to 1/nu sq from 1.25 to 3.45 micron. After correcting for reddening, the spectral indices had a range of alpha = 1.4-1.9. These results are supported through infrared imaging of one of the program galaxies, and they demonstrate the importance of properly isolating the nuclear component from the stellar disk through the use of extremely small apertures. Although the nature of the infrared emissions cannot be determined, results indicate that a common energy source exists among the observed galaxies.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256); 96; 481-486
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