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  • ASTRONOMY  (9)
  • SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION  (3)
  • 1
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    Large-aperture high-resolution X-ray collimator for the Solar Maximum Mission (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A description is presented of a flight-qualified large-aperture 12 x 12-arcsec angular resolution multigrid X-ray collimator developed for the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) flat crystal spectrometer. This collimator, designed for the 1.4-22.4-A wavelength range, utilizes an optical bench/metering structure to align and support prealigned grid subassemblies. The optical bench is a lightweight, rigid, and stable aluminum honeycomb structure. The grids are of a compound and bimetallic design, having 63.5-micron square holes on an 88.9-micron spacing in 8-micron thick gold, which is in turn supported by a 76-micron thick Invar grid having 600-micron square holes on a 739-micron spacing. The small apertures in the gold provide the 12-arcsec collimation with the Invar grids providing wide angle off-axis blocking out to an approximately 35 arcmin view angle. The collimator has seven individual channels, four of a 5.1- x 10-cm area and three of a 1.3- x 10-cm area. Laboratory measurements gave an average angular resolution of 12.5 arcsec FWHM with 0.259 transmission for the large-area channels and 12.0 arcsec and 0.200 transmission for the small-area channels. A thermal filter composed of two layers of approximately 1000-A thick aluminum prevents solar heating of the front collimator grids by absorbing longer wavelength radiation while passing most of the X radiation in the band of interest.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
    Type: Applied Optics; 19; Sept. 1
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Mapping X-ray heliometer for Orbiting Solar Observatory-8 (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An instrument combining mechanical collimators and proportional counter detectors was designed to record solar X-rays with energies of 2-30 keV with good temperal, spectral, and spatial resolution. The overall operation of the instrument is described to the degree needed by personnel who interact with the experimenter during SC/experiment interfacing, experiment testing, observatory integration and testing, and pre/post launch data processing. The general layout of the instrument is given along with a summary of the instrument characteristics.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
    Type: NASA-CR-144710
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    The soft X-ray polychromator for the Solar Maximum Mission (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The paper considers the soft X-ray polychromator (XRP) operating in the 1.4-22.4 A range of the soft X-ray spectrum which includes many emission lines important for the diagnosis of plasmas in the 1.5-50 million deg temperature range. The flat crystal scanning spectrometer provides for a channel polychromatic mapping of flares and active regions in the resonance lines of O VIII, Ne IX, and Mg XI; in its spectral scanning mode it covers essentially the entire 1.4-22.5 A region.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
    Type: Solar Physics; 65; Feb. 198
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  • 4
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    X-ray structure of the Puppis supernova remnant (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The angular distribution of X-ray emission from the Puppis supernova remnant was investigated with a focusing X-ray collector during a rocket observation. Extent of the X-ray emitting region along the direction of scan is 42 (+ or - 4) arcmin and is well correlated with the size of the Puppis A radioshell. The existence of a feature within the remnant is confirmed whose X-ray emission is strongly localized, and its spectrum is observed to be softer than the rest of the remnant.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 207; Aug. 1
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Paraboloidal X-ray telescope mirror for solar coronal spectroscopy (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The telescope mirror for the X-ray Spectrograph Spectrometer Telescope System is a sixty degree sector of an extreme off-axis paraboloid of revolution. It was designed to focus a coronal region 1 by 10 arc seconds in size on the entrance slit of the spectrometer after reflection from the gold surface. This paper discusses the design, manufacture, and metrology of the mirror, the methods of precision mechanical metrology used to focus the system, and the mounting system which locates the mirror and has proven itself through vibration tests. In addition, the results of reflection efficiency measurements, alignment tolerances, and ray trace analysis of the effects of misalignment are considered.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Space optics: Imaging X-ray optics workshop; May 22, 1979 - May 24, 1979; Huntsville, AL
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  • 6
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    X-ray spectrometer spectrograph telescope system (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A new sounding rocket payload that has been developed for X-ray spectroscopic studies of the solar corona is described. The instrument incorporates a grazing incidence Rowland mounted grating spectrograph and an extreme off-axis paraboloic sector feed system to isolate regions of the sun of order 1 x 10 arc seconds in size. The focal surface of the spectrograph is shared by photographic and photoelectric detection systems, with the latter serving as a part of the rocket pointing system control loop. Fabrication and alignment of the optical system is based on high precision machining and mechanical metrology techniques. The spectrograph has a resolution of 16 milliangstroms and modifications planned for future flights will improve the resolution to 5 milliangstroms, permitting line widths to be measured.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Space optics: Imaging X-ray optics workshop; May 22, 1979 - May 24, 1979; Huntsville, AL
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  • 7
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    Cosmic X-ray telescope for ARIES rocket observations (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A rocket-borne Wolter Type I X-ray telescope having a focal length of 2.3m, an entrance aperture of 66cm and a geometrical area of 380cm2 is nearing completion. The telescope mirrors are formed by diamond turning their figures into forged aluminum substrates of 5083 alloy. These diamond-turned substrates are subsequently plated with a thin coating of electroless nickel and polished to obtain the final X-ray reflecting surfaces. Details of the rocket payload, the X-ray telescope, its calculated response and the experience gained in selecting the mirror substrate alloy are discussed and the current status of the telescope is reviewed.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Space optics: Imaging X-ray optics workshop; May 22, 1979 - May 24, 1979; Huntsville, AL
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Solar X-ray spectroscopy with a Bent Crystal Spectrometer /BCS/ (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A high-resolution Bent Crystal Spectrometer (BCS) which provides simultaneous and continuous time coverage of a range of wavelengths is described; its application to spectral studies of solar X-ray emission is discussed. Design of the BCS and its accompanying position-sensitive detector is considered. Calibrations of the crystal curvature, the angle between a crystal reference plane and the collimator axis, and the position response of the position-sensitive proportional counter in determining absolute wavelengths are also mentioned. An active solar region spectrum obtained during an airborne BCS test is compared to wavelength data derived from theory or previous experiments, and excellent agreement is found. Specifications for a BCS system to be used in the Solar Maximum Mission satellite of 1979 are given.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Plenary Meeting; Jun 07, 1977 - Jun 18, 1977; Tel Aviv; Israel
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  • 9
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    Plasma diagnostic capabilities of the Soft X-ray Telescope on Solar-A (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The predicted response of the Solar-A Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT) to various solar targets is presented. It is found that the SXT is very sensitive and should be able to observe active regions and flares at its nominal cadence with exposure times ranging from 0.0001 to 1 s. The SXT temperature diagnostic capabilities are presented for various combinations of the X-ray filters.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: of the COSPAR 28th Plenary Meeting, The Hague, Netherlands, June 25-July 6, 1990. A91-47654 20-92) Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 73-76
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  • 10
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    Imaging capabilities of SXT for Solar-A (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The present study characterizes the Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT), a grazing-incidence solar X-ray telescope which will be flown on the Japanese Solar-A satellite. X-ray tests showed that the SXT mirror meets or exceeds design requirements. SXT advantages over Skylab are: improved time resolution (not less than 0.5 s), greatly decreased mirror scatter, coaligned aspect telescope to intersperse images of sunspots and magnetic plage, and digital data readout.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: of the COSPAR 28th Plenary Meeting, The Hague, Netherlands, June 25-July 6, 1990. A91-47654 20-92) Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 69-72
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