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  • 1
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    The terrestrial reference frame and the dynamic Earth (2001)
    In:  Eos, Trans., Am. Geophys. Un. Trans. AGU, Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 82, no. 25, pp. 273, 278 & 279, pp. 2214
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001
    Keywords: Gravimetry, Gravitation ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; GeodesyY ; Plate tectonics ; hot ; spots
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    Plan for living on a restless planet set NASA's solid earth agenda (2003)
    In:  Eos, Trans., Am. Geophys. Un., Warszawa, Polish Geothermal Association, vol. 84, no. 45, pp. 485, 491, pp. B05406, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Geodesy ; Global Positioning System ; InSAR ; Strain ; Stress
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    Libration in the earth's rotation (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: External luni-solar torque exerted on the difference (B-A) of the earth's two equatorial principal moments of inertia gives rise to two types of librational motions in the earth's rotation: the semidiurnal libration in spin and the prograde diurnal libration in polar motion. Formulas for the librations considering a realistic earth model and their tidal decompositions are derived and evaluated. The spin libration has a maximum peal-to-peak amplitude of 0.90 milliarcseconds, that of the polar libration is 0.06 milliarcseconds. Implications concerning their detectability and role in the tidal variation of earth rotation are discussed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 18; 2007-201
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    An a priori model for the reduction of nutation observations: KSV(1994.3) nutation series (1995)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: We discuss the formulation of a new nutation series to be used in the reduction of modern space geodetic data. The motivation for developing such a series is to develop a nutation series that has smaller short period errors than the IAU 1980 nutation series and to provide a series that can be used with techniques such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) that have sensitivity to nutations but can directly separate the effects of nutations from errors in the dynamical force models that effect the satellite orbits. A modern nutation series should allow the errors in the force models for GPS to be better understood. The series is constructed by convolving the Kinoshita and Souchay rigid Earth nutation series with an Earth response function whose parameters are partly based on geophysical models of the Earth and partly estimated from a long series (1979-1993) of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) estimates of nutation angles. Secular rates of change of the nutation angles to represent corrections to the precession constant and a secular change of the obliquity of the ecliptic are included in the theory. Time dependent amplitudes of the Free Core Nutation (FCN) that is most likely excited by variations in atmospheric pressure are included when the geophysical parameters are estimated. The complex components of the prograde annual nutation are estimated simultaneously with the geophysical parameters because of the large contribution to the nutation from the S(sub 1) atmospheric tide. The weighted root mean square (WRMS) scatter of the nutation angle estimates about this new model are 0.32 mas and the largest correction to the series when the amplitudes of the ten largest nutations are estimated is 0.18 +/- 0.03 mas for the in phase component of the prograde 18. 6 year nutation.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA-CR-200040 , NAS 1.26:200040 , NIPS-96-07292
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Precision geodesy using the Mark-III very-long-baseline interferometer system (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) has been used to make precise measurements of the vector separation between widely separated antennas. The system for acquiring and processing VLBI data known as Mark-III is described. Tests of the system show it to have millimeter-level accuracy on short baselines; measurements of baselines longer than a few hundred kilometers suggest that accuracy is limited by the uncertainty in the calibration of tropospheric path delay to the level of a few centimeters. VLBI experiments conducted between 1976 and 1983 have demonstrated the stability of the North American plate by showing that there is no change in the distance between eastern California and Massachusetts at the level of a few millimeters per year or greater. Experiments made from 1980 to 1984 indicate that the distance from Massachusetts to Sweden is increasing by 1.7 + or - 1 cm/year where the quoted standard deviation includes the estimated effects of systematic errors.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0196-2892); GE-23; 438-449
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Geodesy by radio interferometry - Intercontinental distance determinations with subdecimeter precision (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Analysis of very-long-baseline interferometer (VLBI) observations yielded estimates of the distances between three radio telescopes in the United States and one in Sweden, with formal standard errors of a few centimeters: Westford, Massachusetts-Onsala, Sweden: 5,599,714.66 + or - 0.03 m; Green Bank, West Virginia-Onsala, Sweden: 6,319,317.75 + or - 0.03 m; and Owens Valley, California-Onsala, Sweden: 7,914,131.19 + or - 0.04 m, where the earth-fixed reference points are defined in each case with respect to the axes of the telescopes. The actual standard errors are difficult to estimate reliably but are probably not greater than twice the formal errors.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; Mar. 10
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Geodesy by radio interferometry - Corrections to the IAU 1980 nutation series (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The 1980 data on VLBI were analyzed using two techniques: weighted least squares (WLS) and Kalman filtering (KF), estimating corrections to the 14 terms in the nutation series that have the largest coefficients and that could be separated spectrally using the VLBI data available. The estimates of the coefficients from the two analyses are in good agreement, with the rms difference between the two sets being 0.07 milliarcsec. The largest corrections to the nutation amplitudes found were -(/1.89 + or - 0.17/ + i/0.49 + or 0.17/) milliarcsec (WLS) and -(/2.03 + or - 0.12/ + i/0.38 + or - 0.12/) milliarcsec (KF) for the retrograde annual nutation; for the prograde semiannual nutation, the largest corrections were (/0.45 + or - 0.13/ + i/0.31 + or - 0.13/) milliarcsec (WLS) and (/0.43 + or - 0.10/ + i/0.34 + or 0.10/) milliarcsec (KF). The corrections of the amplitudes for all other terms (both in-phase and out-of-phase) were less than 0.3 milliarcsec.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Forced nutations of the Earth: Contributions from the effects of ellipticity and rotation on the elastic deformations (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: We determine the deformation produced by the lunisolar tidal potential in a rotating, spheroidal model Earth. We proceed by decomposing the equations of motion into separate, though coupled, equations for the nutational and deformational parts of the Earth's response. Using this scheme, we derive a simpler set of equations for the deformational displacements, where the driving forces include not only the tidal terms but also inertial forces and gravitational perturbations associated with the nutational motions. We show that the deformations are affected only to a very small extent by the Earth's asphericity and rotation. This fact is exploited to set up a perturbative procedure, whereby the equation governing the deformation is separated into equations of zeroth and first orders in the perturbation.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 98; B12; p. 21659-21676
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Submillimeter horizontal position determination using very long baseline interferometry (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: An analysis of interferometric phase delays from 15 years of Mark I and Mark III very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) experiments carried out with two radio telescopes in Westford, Massachusetts, about 1.24 km apart, yields weighted root-mean-square (WRMS) scatters about the mean locally horizontal coordinates of 1.0 and 2.0 mm in the north and east directions, respectively. It is concluded that VLBI antennas of at least of the structural quality of the pair in Westford satisfy a necessary but not sufficient condition for being able to maintain a global reference system with submillimeter per year accuracy for intervals in excess of a decade. These data are also used to determine an error model for the VLBI group delay measurements, and, for this particular pair of telescopes, they indicate that the WRMS difference between group and phase delays is composed of a constant part (5.4 mm, for the most recent data) and a SNR term which is about 10 percent larger than that computed theoretically.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 97; 1981-199
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Subdaily Earth rotation during the Epoch '92 campaign (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Global Positioning System (GPS) data were used to estimate Earth rotation variations over an 11-day period during the Epoch '92 campaign in the summer of 1992. Earth orientation was measured simultaneously by several very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) networks. GPS and VLBI estimates of UT1 with 3-hour time resolution were then compared and analyzed. The high frequency behavior of both data sets is similar, although drifts between the two series of approximately 0.1 ms over 2-5 days are evident. The geodetic results were also compared with models for UT1 fluctuations at tidal periods and with estimates of atmospheric angular momentum made at 6-hour intervals. Most of the geodetic signal in the diurnal and semidiurnal frequency bands can be attributed to tidal processes, whereas UT1 variations over a few days are mostly atmospheric in origin.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 21; 9; p. 769-772
    Format: text
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