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  • 1
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    The sun at minimum activity: Results from the CELIAS experiment on SOHO (1997)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: The charge element and isotope analysis system (CELIAS) experiment, designed to continuously measure the composition of the solar wind and solar suprathermal particles, is presented. Information on proton velocity, kinetic temperature, density and out-of-ecliptic flow angle is obtained. A preliminary statistical analysis of proton parameters and freeze-in temperatures, obtained during the first 18 months of the operation of the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), is presented. The first determinations of neon isotopic abundances with CELIAS yielded an excellent agreement with the Apollo-foil experiment. The magnesium isotopic composition in the solar wind agrees with the data acquired from earth.
    Keywords: Solar Physics
    Type: ; 37-43
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Elemental composition before, during and after the January 6, 1997, CME event measured by CELIAS/SOHO (1997)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: Using solar wind particle data from the charge, element and isotope analysis system (CELIAS) experiment on the SOHO mission, densities of the elements O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ca, and Fe are derived, and their abundance is analyzed before, during and after the 6 Janaury 1997 coronal mass ejection event (CME). In the interstream and coronal hole regions before and after this event, typical solar wind abundances for the elements investigated were found. However, during the passage of the coronal mass ejection and during the passage of the erupted filament, the elemental composition differed markedly from typical solar wind. For the passage of the CME and for the passage of the erupted filament, a mass-dependent enhancement of the elements was found, with a monotonic increase towards heavier elements. Si/O and Fe/O ratios of the order of one during these time periods were observed.
    Keywords: Solar Physics
    Type: Proceedings of the 31st ESALB Symposium on Correlated Phenomena at the Sun, in the Heliosphere and in Geospace; 395-400; ESA-SP-415
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  • 3
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    HIEN-LO: An experiment for charge determination of cosmic rays of interplanetary and solar origin (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The experiment is designed to measure the heavy ion environment at low altitude (HIEN-LO) in the energy range 0.3 to 100 MeV/nucleon. In order to cover this wide energy range a complement of three sensors is used. A large area ion drift chamber and a time-of-flight telescope are used to determine the mass and energy of the incoming cosmic rays. A third omnidirectional counter serves as a proton monitor. The analysis of mass, energy and incoming direction in combination with the directional geomagnetic cut-off allows the determination of the ionic charge of the cosmic rays. The ionic charge in this energy range is of particular interest because it provides clues to the origin of these particles and to the plasma conditions at the acceleration site. The experiment is expected to be flown in 1988/1989.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
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  • 4
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    SAMPEX mission overview (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The Solar, Anomalous, and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer SAMPEX will carry out energetic particle studies of outstanding scientific questions in the fields of space plasma physics, solar physics, magnetospheric and middle atmospheric physics, and cosmic ray physics. SAMPEX will measure the electron and ion composition of energetic particle populations from about 0.4 MeV/nucleon to hundreds of MeV/nucleon from a zenith-pointing small satellite in near-polar orbit. While over the magnetic poles, the instruments will study the composition of anomalous cosmic rays, solar energetic particles, and Galactic cosmic rays. At lower magnetic latitudes, geomagnetic cutoff effects will allow determination of the ionization state of these particles at energies much higher than can be studied from interplanetary spacecraft. At subauroral latitudes, SAMPEX will also observe precipitating relativistic magnetospheric electrons, which undergo important intertactions within the middle atmosphere.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
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  • 5
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    Spatial dependence of the local diffusion coefficient measured upstream of the November 12, 1978 interplanetary traveling shock (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Characteristics of wuprathermal particles accelerated by quasi-parallel interplanetary traveling shocks have been generally explained in terms of a first order Fermi mechanism. Such models require diffusive scattering of particles upstream of the shock. This scattering is characterized by a local diffusion coefficient, kappa, which is determined by the local power density of waves in the upstream region. The dependence of the diffusion coefficient of suprathermal upstream protons on distance from the November 12, 1978 interplanetary traveling shock using a different approach is studied. Unlike previous studies this method, which is based on measurements of particle streaming and intensity gradients, does not rely on predictions. The local spatial variations of Kappa upstream of the November 12, 1978 shock have been chosen for study because the characteristics of this quasi-parallel shock have been extensively studied, and also because of its favorable geometry (i.e. B field nearly radial).
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: SH-1.5-12 , 19th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conf - Vol. 4; p 182-185; NASA-CP-2376-VOL-4
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  • 6
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    Solar Cycle Dynamics of Solar, Magnetospheric, and Heliospheric Particles, and Long-Term Atmospheric Coupling: SAMPEX (2000)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This final technical report summarizes science analysis activities by the SAMPEX mission science team during the period July 1, 1995 through September 30, 2000. Bibliographic entries for 1995 to date (October 2000) are included. The SAMPEX science team was extremely active, with 72 articles published or submitted to referred journals, 38 papers published in their entirety in Conference Proceedings, and 260 contributed papers, seminars, and miscellaneous presentations. The bibliography at the end of this report constitutes the primary description of the research activity. Science highlights are given under the major activity headings, as well as other activities of the team. One Ph.D. student, Mr. Daniel Williams, completed his thesis at California Institute of Technology based on data from the MAST instrument.
    Keywords: Solar Physics
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  • 7
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    Observations of interplanetary energetic charged particles from gamma-ray line solar flares (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Results from ISEE-3 experiments on interplanetary energetic charged particles on June 7, June 21, and July 1, 1980 dealing with gamma ray producing solar flares are reported. The data were gathered by the Ultra Low Energy Wide Angle Telescope, which comprises a thin window, flow through proportional counter/solid-state detector composition telescope. Evidence of a specified time delay from an observed flare and the recording of 0.44-1.3 MeV electrons on ISEE-3 combined with quiescent periods of at least two hours before the observations and recording provides a link between the events. The data indicates interplanetary energetic particle enhancement, and a second, similar set of occurrences was also observed. Protons were accelerated up to 10-20 MeV. No enrichment of either He-3 or Fe was found.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: International Cosmic Ray Conference; Jul 13, 1981 - Jul 25, 1981; Paris; France
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  • 8
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    Survey of He(+)/He(2+) abundance ratios in energetic particle events (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: First results of a systematic study of the helium ionic charge distribution in the energy range 0.4-0.62 MeV per nucleon in energetic particle events are reported. Large fluctuations of the He(+)/He(2+) ratios are found, especially at low interplanetary particle fluxes. The ratios exceeded a value of 0.3 for 41 days and a value of 1.0 for 11 days out of the 216 days analyzed. The median of the distribution is He(+)/He(2+) = 0.11. No obvious association with optical flare events could be observed for the events richest in He(+). No significant differences were found between the proton energy spectra and the elemental abundances of helium relative to hydrogen and heavy ions for He(+)-rich events versus events low in He(+). However, it has been found that generally He(+)-rich events are predominantly low in energetic particle intensity.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters to the Editor (ISSN 0004-637X); 282; L39-L42
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  • 9
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    Ionic charge state distribution of helium, carbon, oxygen, and iron in an energetic storm particle enhancement (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An analysis is presented of the ionic charge state distribution of He, C, O and Fe in the energetic storm particle event of September 28-29, 1978. Data were obtained with the ULEZEQ electrostatic analyzer-proportional counter on board the ISEE 3 spacecraft. The He(+)/He(++) ratio between 0.4 and 1 MeV/n is shown to be significantly lower during the energetic storm particle event than during the preceding period of solar flare particle enhancement, with a temporal evolution similar to that of the Fe/He ratio as reported by Klecker et al. (1981). Increases in the mean charge state for oxygen by about 3% and for iron by about 16% are also noted. The temporal variations in charge states are accounted for in terms of first-order Fermi acceleration of the pre-existing solar flare particles by a propagating interplanetary shock wave.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 258
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  • 10
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    Limits to the fractionation of isotopes in the solar wind as observed with SOHO/CELIAS/MTOF (1997)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-10
    Description: Observations of isotope fractionation in the solar wind for the Mg and Ne elements are reported on the basis of measurements performed by the mass time of flight (MTOF) sensor of the charge, element, and isotope analysis system (CELIAS) onboard the SOHO spacecraft. Their isotopic abundance ratios are shown to vary by (0.8+/-0.6) amu in the solar wind bulk velocity range from 350 km/s to 650 km/s. A good correlation is noticed between the isotope fractionation and the elemental fractionation 4He/1H in the solar wind. The results were discussed in the context of recent theoretical models, which predict isotope fractionation in the solar wind by variable Coulomb friction in several solar wind regimes.
    Keywords: Solar Physics
    Type: Proceedings of the 31st ESALB Symposium on Correlated Phenomena at the Sun, in the Heliosphere and in Geospace; 33-37; ESA-SP-415
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