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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automated chemical synthesis: From resins to instruments (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular diversity 2 (1997), S. 197-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-501X
    Keywords: Solid-phase synthesis ; Polymer supports ; Linkers ; Automated organic synthesis ; Combinatorial chemistry ; Chemical synthesis development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Solid-phase organic synthesis is now a prevalent activity in drug discovery. In keeping with this keen interest is the need to develop reliable automated synthesis instrumentation as well as polymeric supports and linkers suitable for the full range of organic synthesis applications. In this paper, we review our activities in the development of new and enabling tools for automated chemical synthesis, including the following: (i) new solid supports such asArgoGel ™ (PS-PEG-based) andArgo-X203 (PS-based); and (ii) theNautilus ™ 2400 system, a fully closed and inert automated chemistry development workstation. Selected chemistry optimization and synthesis examples performed on the Nautilus and new solid supports will be described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01715635
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    The overlapping plates method applied to CCD observations of 243 Ida (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The overlapping plates method has been applied to crossing-point Charge Coupled Device (CCD) observations of minor planet 243 Ida to produce absolute position measurements precise to better than 0.1 sec and differential position measurements precise to better than 0.06 sec. Although these observations numbered only 17 out of the 520 that produced the final ground-based Ida ephemeris for the Galileo spacecraft flyby, their inclusion decreased Ida's downtrack error from 78 to 60 km and its out-of-plane error from 58 to 44 km.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: The Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256); 107; 6; p. 2295-2298
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Targeting an asteroid - The Galileo spacecraft's encounter with 951 Gaspra (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: On 1991 October 29, the Galileo spacecraft provided the first in situ observations of an asteroid. To a significant degree, the successful encounter with asteroid 951 Gaspra was made possible by the high accuracy of the ground-based Gaspra ephemeris and the refinement to this initial ephemeris provided by the use of optical navigation images taken on board the spacecraft itself. The success of these celestial navigation efforts was dramatically demonstrated when Gaspra appeared in the central frame of the large mosaic of CCD images-less than one asteroid diameter from Gaspra's expected location in the camera's field of view. The corrections to Gaspra's ground-based ephemeris, based upon the optical on-board navigation images, were less than 80 km. The ground-based observation program that went into this ephemeris development is discussed and the accuracy of the ephemeris is used to validate the assumptions that went into the error analysis studies.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256); 105; 4; p. 1547-1552.
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Orbits of the six new satellites of Neptune (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Orbital elements are presented for the six small satellites of Neptune, 1989N1 through 1989N6, discovered by Voyager 2. Details of the image and orbit analyses are examined. The solution for the orbits of the six satellites is presented in terms of geometric classical Keplerian elements. All six are in nearly circular direct orbits; most of the satellites have low inclinations, except the innermost, 1989N6, which is inclined at 4.7 deg to Neptune's equator.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256); 101; 1511-151
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Orbits of the ten small satellites of Uranus (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Orbital elements are presented for the ten small satellites discovered by Voyager 2 at Uranus. These ten new satellites, whose provisional IAU designations are 1985UI and 1986UI through 1986U9, lie for the most part in equatorial, circular orbits; the most notable exception is 1986U8, the outer epsilon-ring shepherd, whose eccentricity e = 0.0101. Unlike the Voyager discoveries at Saturn, which included two co-orbiting satellites and three librators, the ten small Uranian satellites all have quite different semimajor axes.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256); 93; 1268-127
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    On combining data from two complete star catalogs (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Eichhorn and Googe (1969) present formulas for incorporating a new position measurement into an existing star catalog. Their result is extended to the case where the new measurement also includes proper motion, thereby enabling one to combine the positions and proper motions from two catalogs.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256); 99; 1014
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  • 7
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    Deep-space navigation applications of improved ground-based optical astrometry (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Improvements in ground-based optical astrometry will eventually be required for navigation of interplanetary spacecraft when these spacecraft communicate at optical wavelengths. Although such spacecraft may be some years off, preliminary versions of the astrometric technology can also be used to obtain navigational improvements for the Galileo and Cassini missions. This article describes a technology-development and observational program to accomplish this, including a cooperative effort with U.S. Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station. For Galileo, Earth-based astrometry of Jupiter's Galilean satellites may improve their ephemeris accuracy by a factor of 3 to 6. This would reduce the requirements for onboard optical navigation pictures, so that more of the data transmission capability (currently limited by high-gain antenna deployment problems) can be used for science data. Also, observations of European Space Agency (ESA) Hipparcos stars with asteroid 243 Ida may provide significantly improved navigation accuracy for a planned August 1993 Galileo spacecraft encounter.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: The Telecommunications and Data Acquisition; p 118-127
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Systems analysis for ground-based optical navigation (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Deep-space telecommunications systems will eventually operate at visible or near-infrared regions to provide increased information return from interplanetary spacecraft. This would require an onboard laser transponder in place of (or in addition to) the usual microwave transponder, as well as a network of ground-based and/or space-based optical observing stations. This article examines the expected navigation systems to meet these requirements. Special emphasis is given to optical astrometric (angular) measurements of stars, solar system target bodies, and (when available) laser-bearing spacecraft, since these observations can potentially provide the locations of both spacecraft and target bodies. The role of astrometry in the navigation system and the development options for astrometric observing systems are also discussed.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION
    Type: The Telecommunications and Data Acquisition; p 23-40
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    Ephemerides of the major Neptunian satellites determined from earth-based astrometric and Voyager imaging observations (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Voyager project used Neptunian satellite ephemerides to support both navigation and acquisition of scientific data. The development of postencounter ephemerides for the satellites Triton, Nereid, and 1989N1 is discussed. Primary results are the final set of model parameters which generate orbits that best fit both the earth-based satellite observations and data acquired by Voyager. The ephemerides are compared with those generated preencounter, and the accuracy of the final ephemerides is assessed. Mean orbital elements are also provided as a geometrical representation for the satellite orbits.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: AIAA PAPER 90-2881 , AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Conference; Aug 20, 1990 - Aug 22, 1990; Portland, OR; United States
    Format: text
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