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  • AERODYNAMICS  (7)
  • Key words Mechanosensitivity  (1)
  • STRUCTURAL MECHANICS  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 28 (1999), S. 346-350 
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Key words Mechanosensitivity ; Stretch sensitivity ; Curvature sensitivity ; Potassium channels ; Locust muscle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Patch clamp recordings have been made from adult locust (Schistocerca gregaria) muscle membrane to study the mechanosensitivity of potassium channels (BK and IK) in cell-attached patches by transiently applying measured pressures to the contents of the patch pipettes. The aim of the investigations was to demonstrate a novel gating behaviour by pressure of the BK channel in contrast to the familiar behaviour of the IK channel. The open probability (p 0) of the IK channel increased rapidly in response to a pressure step and monotonically during a pressure ramp. This gating was readily repeatable and rapidly reversible. The relationship between ln[p 0/(1–p 0)] and transmembrane pressure was linear. In comparison, p 0 for the BK channel was also increased by pressure, but its gating was delayed, cumulative, and hysteretic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Different inlet designs for high angle of attack STOL and VTOL applications were tested in a subsonic wind tunnel. Three removable entry lips having contraction ratios of 1.30, 1.34 and 1.38 were tested with a single diffuser. The internal contour of each entry lip was an ellipse with a major to minor axis of 2.0. Each lip and diffuser assembly was tested to determine its tolerance to angle of attack, first with a conventional centerbody and then with an extended centerbody. Results indicate that a large improvement in separation angle (determined as a function of lip contraction ratio and inlet flow) was obtained for the extended centerbody for all contraction ratios. Improved inlet tolerance to angle of attack was obtained by reducing the adverse pressure gradient downstream of the throat.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Aircraft; 13; Apr. 197
    Format: text
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  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A self-bleeding method for boundary layer control is described and tested for a subsonic inlet designed to operate in the flowfield generated by high angles of attack. Naturally occurring surface static pressure gradients are used to remove the boundary layer from a separation-prone region of the inlet and to reinject it at a less critical location with a net performance gain. The results suggest that this self-bleeding method for boundary-layer control might be successfully applied to other inlets operating at extreme aerodynamic conditions.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Aircraft; 14; Apr. 197
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The effect of a combined external load consisting of a normal component and a tangential braking force applied to an inflated torus is addressed. Experimental results obtained by photographic study of the contact area between the torus and load plate are presented as well as measurements of the vertical and horizontal displacement of the torus under load. A numerical procedure for displacement analysis is developed in which the finite element program STAGS (Structural Analysis of General Shells) is used in an iterative manner to produce a flat, horizontal footprint surface under force loading. The redistributed force distribution obtained by the iterative process is displayed along with computed meridional and circumferential stresses. Finally, an extension of the iterative method is introduced which eliminates the need to experimentally determine the footprint area.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center Tire Modeling; p 141-162
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The effect of subsonic inlet lip geometry on predicted surface and flow Mach number distributions is illustrated. The theoretical results were obtained from incompressible potential flow calculations corrected for compressibility. The major emphasis of this investigation is on the low-speed (takeoff and landing) operating conditions. The low-speed results were obtained for a range of three geometric variables of interest: contraction ratio, defined as the ratio of highlight area to throat area; internal lip major - to minor-axis ratio; and internal lip shape. The low-speed results were obtained at both static conditions and a free-stream velocity of 42.6m/sec, with incidence angles ranging from 0 deg to 50 deg. The results indicate that of the three geometric variables considered, contraction ratio had the largest effect on the surface Mach number distributions. The effects of inlet diameter ratio and blunting of the external forebody on maximum external surface Mach numbers are illustrated at a cruise Mach number of 0.8.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TN-D-7446 , E-7522
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Results of scale model tests of high-throat-Mach-number inlets designed to suppress inlet-emitted engine machinery noise produced in a V/STOL wind tunnel are presented. A vacuum system was used to induce inlet airflow with a siren as a noise source. Inlet mass flow was 11.68 kilograms (25.75 lb. min) per second at a throat Mach number of 0.79. The effect of entry-lip design (contraction ratio and diameter ratio) on inlet total-pressure recovery, steady-state pressure distortion, performance at high incidence angles, and noise suppression was determined. With proper entry-lip design, total-pressure recovery in excess of 0.988 could be obtained statically at an average throat Mach number of 0.79. Total-pressure distortion was 5 percent. The reduction in the siren tone sound pressure level transmitted through the inlet was 10 to 14 db relative to that measured at throat Mach 0.6.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-3222 , E-8160
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The effect of diffuser wall acoustic treatment on inlet total pressure loss was experimentally determined. Data were obtained by testing an inlet model with 10 different acoustically treated diffusers differing only in the design of the Helmholtz resonator acoustic treatment. Tests were conducted in a wind tunnel at forward velocities to 41 meters per second for inlet throat Mach numbers of .5 to .8 and angles of attack as high as 50 degrees. Results indicate a pressure loss penalty due to acoustic treatment that increases linearly with the porosity of the acoustic facing sheet. For a surface porosity of 14 percent the total pressure loss was 21 percent greater than that for an untreated inlet.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-73559 , E-8946 , Aerospace Sci. Meeting; Jan 24, 1977 - Jan 26, 1977; Los Angeles
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An experimental investigation was conducted to determine the effect of design changes on the aerodynamic and acoustic performance of translating centerbody sonic inlets. Scale model inlets were tested in the Lewis Research Center's V/STOL wind tunnel. The effects of centerbody position, entry lip contraction ratio, diffuser length, and diffuser area ratio on inlet total pressure recovery, distortion, and noise suppression were investigated at static conditions and at forward velocity and angle of attack. With the centerbody in the takeoff position (retracted), good aerodynamic and acoustic performance was attained at static conditions and at forward velocity. At 0 deg incidence angle with a sound pressure level reduction of 20 dB, the total pressure recovery was 0.986. Pressure recovery at 50 deg was 0.981. With the centerbody in the approach position (extended), diffuser flow separation occurred at an incidence angle of approximately 20 deg. However, good performance was attained at lower angles. With the centerbody in the takeoff position the ability of the inlet to tolerate high incidence angles was improved by increasing the lip contraction ratio. However, at static conditions with the centerbody in the approach position, an optimum lip contraction ratio appears to exist, with both thinner and thicker lips yielding reduced performance.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TP-1132 , E-9283
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Low speed wind tunnel tests were conducted to determine the aeroacoustic performance of several model sonic inlets. The results were analyzed to indicate how inlet aeroacoustic characteristics were affected by inlet design and operating conditions. A system for regulating sonic inlet noise reduction was developed and tested. Results indicate that pressure losses at forward velocity may be substantially less than those at static conditions. This is particularly true for translating centerbody inlets with the centerbody extended in the approach and landing position. Operation to simulated take-off incidence angles of 50 deg was demonstrated with good inlet performance. Results suggest that at takeoff, with 0 deg incidence angle, sonic inlet total pressure losses need not exceed those generated by skin friction for sound pressure level reductions to at least 15 dB. Inlet sound pressure level reduction was regulated to within approximately plus or minus 1 dB by controlling inlet surface static pressure measured at the diffuser exit.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 75-1184
    Format: text
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