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  • MACHINE ELEMENTS AND PROCESSES  (12)
  • Life Sciences (General)  (10)
  • AERODYNAMICS  (4)
  • Astrophysics  (4)
  • 1
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    Elliptical-P cells in the avian perilymphatic interface of the Tegmentum vasculosum (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Elliptical cells (E-P) are present at the perilymphatic interface lumen (PIL) of the lagena. The E-P cells often separate from the tegmentum vasculosum (TV) and have touching processes that form a monolayer between the K+ rich perilymph and the Na+ rich endolymph, similar to the mammalian Reissner's membrane. We examined the TV of chicks (Gallus domesticus) and quantitated the expression of anti-S100 alphaalphabetabeta and S100 beta. There was a 30% increase of S100 beta saturation in the light cells facing the PIL when compared to other TV light cells. We show that: (1) the dimer anti- S100 alphaalphabetabeta and the monomer anti-S100 beta are expressed preferentially in the light cells and the E-P cells of TV; (2) expression of S100 beta is higher in light cells facing the PIL than in adjacent cells; (3) the expression of the dimer S100 alphaalphabetabeta and monomer S100 beta overlaps in most inner ear cell types, including the cells of the TV, most S100 alphaalphabetabeta positive cells express S 100 beta, but S100 beta positive cells do not always express S100 alphaalphabetabeta; and (4) the S100 beta expression in light cells, the abundant Na+-K+ ATPase on dark cells of the TV, and previously demonstrated co-localization of S100 beta/GABA in sensory cells suggest that S100 beta could have, in the inner ear, a dual neurotrophic-ionic modulating function.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Scanning microscopy (ISSN 0891-7035); Volume 9; 4; 1207-21; discussion 1221-2
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Post-embedding tem signal-to-noise ratio of S-100 (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: We assessed the reactivity of purified S-100 antiserum in immuno-electron microscopy by counting the number of gold particles per microns 2 over inner ear tissues embedded in different media. Sections containing predominantly Schwann's cell cytoplasm and nucleus, afferent fiber axoplasm and myelin sheath of chick cochleae were reacted with anti-S-100 IgG, an antibody to a calcium binding protein of neuronal tissues, then labeled with anti-IgG-gold conjugate. This investigation was conducted because previously published procedures, unmodified, did not yield acceptable results. Preparation of all specimens was identical. Only the medium (PolyBed 812, Araldite or Spurr epoxies; and LR White, LR Gold or Lowicryl plastics) was changed. The medium was made the changing variable because antigens available in post-embedding immuno-electron microscopy are decreased by heat, either used and/or released during polymerization of the embedding medium. The results indicate that: (a) none of the embedding media above provided optimal signal-to-noise ratio for all parts of the nerve stained in the same section; (b) aggregation of gold particles over cells was highest in embedding media with high background labeling over areas devoid of tissue (noise); (c) aggregation occurred randomly throughout both cellular and acellular regions; and (d) particles aggregated less and were distributed more evenly in tissues from media yielding good ultrastructural integrity.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Hearing research (ISSN 0378-5955); Volume 73; 2; 195-202
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  • 3
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    Expression of S100 beta in sensory and secretory cells of the vertebrate inner ear (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: We evaluated anti-S100 beta expression in the chick (Gallus domesticus) inner ear and determined that: 1) the monomer anti-S100 beta is expressed differentially in the vestibular and auditory perikarya; 2) expression of S100 beta in the afferent nerve terminals is time-related to synapse and myelin formation; 3) the expression of the dimer anti-S100 alpha alpha beta beta and monomer anti-S100 beta overlaps in most inner ear cell types. Most S100 alpha alpha beta beta positive cells express S100 beta, but S100 beta positive cells do not always express S100 alpha alpha beta beta. 4) the expression of S100 beta is diffused over the perikaryal cytoplasm and nuclei of the acoustic ganglia but is concentrated over the nuclei of the vestibular perikarya. 6) S100 beta is expressed in secretory cells, and it is co-localized with GABA in sensory cells. 7) Color thresholding objective quantitation indicates that the amount of S100 beta was higher (mean 22, SD +/- 4) at E19 than at E9 (mean 34, SD +/- 3) in afferent axons. 8) Moreover, S100 beta was unchanged between E11-E19 in the perikaryal cytoplasm, but did change over the nuclei. At E9, 74%, and at E21, 5% of vestibular perikarya were positive. The data suggest that S100 beta may be physically associated with neuronal and ionic controlling cells of the vertebrate inner ear, where it could provide a dual ionic and neurotrophic modulatory function.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France) (ISSN 0145-5680); Volume 41; 2; 213-25
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  • 4
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    Microgravity in the STS-29 space shuttle discovery affected the vestibular system of chick embryos (1996)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Out of 32 embryos flown (16 @ E2 + 16 @ E9) for 5 days, 16 survived. All sixteen E2 were dead at landing. Eight were opened and eight were incubated at 1.0G. Autopsy showed that 4 E2 survived over 24 hours in space. Eight E14 hatched without anatomical malformations, and 8 E14 were fixed. The height of the macular epithelia was 31 mu m (mean) in control and 26 mu m in flight chicks. The cross-sectional area of macular nuclei of control was 17 mu m(2) for hair cells and 14 mu m(2) in supporting cells. In flight, cross-sectional area was 17 mu m(2) in hair cells and 15 mu m(2) in supporting cells (n=250). The shape factor of cartilage cells (1.0 = perfect circle) between control (mean = 0.70) and flight (mean = 0.72), and the area of cartilaginous cells between controls (mean = 9 mu m(2)) and flight (mean = 9 mu m(2)) did not differ (n=300). The nuclei of support cells were closer to the basement membrane in flight than in control chicks. The immunoreactivity of otoconia with anti keratan, fibronectin or chrondroitin sulfate was not different between flight and control ears. There were more afferent fibers inside the macular epithelia of flight (p〈0.05) than control. Three of 8 flight animals had elevated vestibular thresholds (VT), with normal mean response amplitudes and latencies. Modified afferent innervation patterns requiring weeks to compensate are sufficient to elevate VT, and should be investigated further. Other reversible (sublethal) microgravity effects on sensory epithelia (vacuoles, swelling, etc) require quantification.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Histology and histopathology (ISSN 0213-3911); Volume 11; 2; 407-26
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  • 5
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    Mechanical fastening of titanium and its alloys (1966)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-29
    Description: Designing, forming, machining, and assembling for joining titanium and titanium alloys with mechanical fasteners
    Keywords: MACHINE ELEMENTS AND PROCESSES
    Type: NASA-TM-X-53442 , RSIC-502
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  • 6
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    Welding procedures for titanium and titanium alloys (1965)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-29
    Description: Selecting conditions, equipment, and fabrication techniques for welding titanium and titanium alloys
    Keywords: MACHINE ELEMENTS AND PROCESSES
    Type: NASA-TM-X-53432 , RSIC-470
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  • 7
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    Welding-base metal investigation Final report, 27 Jun. 1964 - 28 Jul. 1965 (1965)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-29
    Description: Weld defects associated with aluminum alloys - monitoring weld shielding gas purity
    Keywords: MACHINE ELEMENTS AND PROCESSES
    Type: NASA-CR-68412
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  • 8
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    A study to develop a mechanized welding procedure to join thick-gage aluminum alloy plate using narrow-gap techniques Final report (1965)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-29
    Description: Narrow-gap welding procedures for joining thick gauge aluminum alloy plate
    Keywords: MACHINE ELEMENTS AND PROCESSES
    Type: NASA-CR-67760
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  • 9
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    Adhesive bonding of nickel-base alloys (1965)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-29
    Description: Organic and inorganic adhesives, environment, and surface preparation for adhesive bonding of nickel and nickel alloys
    Keywords: MACHINE ELEMENTS AND PROCESSES
    Type: NASA-TM-X-53428 , RSIC-480
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  • 10
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    Experimental and Analytical Investigation of the Transonic and Supersonic Divergence Characteristics of a Delta-Plan-Form All- Movable Control (1958)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-23
    Description: The static aeroelastic divergence characteristics of a delta-planform model of the canard control surface of a proposed air-to-ground missile have been studied both analytically and experimentally in the Mach number range from 0.6 to 3.0. The experiments indicated that divergence occurred at a nearly constant value of dynamic pressure at Mach numbers up to 1.2. At higher Mach numbers somewhat higher values of dynamic pressure were required to produce divergence. The analysis and the experiment indicate that the camber stiffness of the control surface and the stiffness of the control actuator are both important in divergence of surfaces of this type.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NACA-RM-L58E07
    Format: application/pdf
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