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  • ASTRONOMY  (13)
  • 550 - Earth sciences  (1)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Observations of the DAO white dwarf PG1210+533, including the first high dispersion spectrum of a hybrid H-He object of this nature were obtained by IUE. In contrast with hot DAs in the 50,000 K temperature range, PG1210+533 shows no narrow interstellar-like metal lines, in spite of an optically observed He/H abundance of 0.1. This lack of metal makes accretion from the ISM an unlikely source for the He in the PG1210+533 photosphere. A significant discovery in the high dispersion spectrum is the existence of a sharp, non-LTE like, core seen in the He II 1640 line. Such features are detected in DO white dwarfs. A small aperture SWP low dispersion observation reveals the Lyman alpha profile of PG1210+533 to be surprisingly weak and narrow. Fits of this profile using pure H models yielded a T(eff) = 56,000 K. Fits of the Balmer H gamma profile however, yield T(eff) = 42,300 K and log g = 8.5 + or - 0.5 for the same models. It is unlikely that homogeneously mixed H-He atmospheres can resolve the inconsistency between the Lyman alpha and H gamma features in this star. Stratified models involving thin H photospheres may be necessary to explain these results.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: ESA, A Decade of UV Astronomy with the IUE Satellite, Volume 1; p 263-265
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The ultraviolet spectrum obtained with the IUE satellite of the magnetic degenerate white dwarf star GD 229 is presented. The ultraviolet energy distribution measured by the short- and long-wavelength cameras covering the range 1170-3200 A, when combined with optical data, indicates a best fit blackbody temperature of 16,000 K, which is significantly lower than previous estimates. A broad absorption trough in the 2000-3000 A region is observed which may be produced by opacity in the fundamental cyclotron frequency for surface magnetic fields from 3.2 to 5 x 10 to the 8th gauss. The absence of a strong Lyman-alpha sigma + component suggests that the primary atmospheric constituent is not hydrogen, with various absorption features probably attributable to Zeeman components of neutral helium, or possibly Mg II, C II and other metal lines. The superposition of many strong Zeeman features is also an alternative interpretation of the absorption in the 2000-3000 A interval.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Society of the Pacific; vol. 93
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Observations at radio, optical, and X-ray wavelengths of six sources from the Bonn-NRAO 5 GHz survey are reported. The sources were selected on the basis of their flux densities and spectral indices at 5 GHz. All have been shown to contain compact radio cores and to emit strongly at X-ray wavelengths; five are strongly polarized at optical wavelengths. The measured flux densities suggest that the sources are of comparable luminosity (per fractional bandwidth) in the X-ray and optical regions. The interpretation of these results in terms of a synchrotron-self-Compton mechanism is briefly discussed.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 247
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The variable spectrum of BE Ursae Majoris, which is similar to that of the cataclysmic variables (CVs), shows (1) an emission-line spectrum with the high-excitation CN 4650 A blend as the strongest optical feature, weaker H and He lines, and a strong Balmer jump, and (2) an absorption spectrum dominated by He. Although the object shows no evidence of photometric variability on either short or long time-scales, it has been shown by Kurochkin (1964, 1971) to have a 2.29-day, sinusoidal, 1.5-mag variation. The luminosity is dominated by a UV power-law component, though the 4000-10000 A continuum is flat. The hypothesis that this object is an active mass transfer binary is not supported by its photometric behavior, energy distribution and long period, despite the spectroscopic variability. Nevertheless, three components whose nature is not understood remain: (1) an ultraviolet source whose energy distribution is explainable neither by a uniform temperature primary star nor by an accretion disk; (2) a reprocessed component powered by the UV star; and (3) a component similar to a CV disk, producing the optically thick Balmer lines.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 251
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The paper presents results of an X-ray survey of about 50 sq deg of the high galactic latitude sky at sensitivities in the range of 7 x 10 to the -14 to 5 x 10 to the -12 ergs/sq cm/s. The number-flux relation is derived for the extragalactic population to yield a best-fit power-law slope of 1.53 + or - 0.16, and the content of the sample is analyzed in terms of types of sources, appearing to be significantly different from the content of similar samples selected at higher fluxes. The medium sensitivity sample of extragalactic sources is dominated by active galactic nuclei, while samples selected at higher fluxes and higher energies are dominated by clusters of galaxies. Thus, the number-flux relation for extragalactic sources may be interpreted to a first approximation as the sum of the two different distributions with flatter and steeper slopes describing clusters and AGNs, respectively.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 253
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A stellar object is reported which, while having X-ray and optical luminosities typical of quasars, has narrow permitted and forbidden emission lines over the observed spectral range. The narrow-line spectrum is high-excitation, the Balmer lines seem to be recombinational, and a redder optical spectrum than that of most quasars is exhibited, despite detection as a weak radio source. The object does not conform to the relationships between H-beta parameters and X-ray flux previously claimed for a large sample of the active galactic nuclei. Because reddish quasars with narrow lines, such as the object identified, may not be found by the standard techniques for the discovery of quasars, the object may be a prototype of a new class of quasars analogous to high-luminosity Seyfert type 2 galaxies. It is suggested that these objects cannot comprise more than 10% of all quasars.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 252
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A total of 19 stars from the Palomar Green (PG) survey which were found to show composite spectra, generally with a hot subdwarf primary and a cool main-sequence secondary star, are discussed. The primary components have Teff values between 27,000 and 38,000 K (Mv = +5 to +7) and log g = about 6.5, while the secondaries generally show spectral types G8 to K4.5; however, these ranges are undoubtedly limited by selection effects, and extremely helium-rich subdwarfs were excluded as well. Aproximately half of all the PG subdwarfs could be in undetected binaries. Only two thick-disk cataclysmic variables with predominantly absorption-line spectra were found in the PG survey, which provides strong evidence that this kind of cataclysmic variable is luminous and confined to the Galactic plane (Population I). On the other hand, a few of the detached binaries show evidence for spectroscopic variations. Those which are close enough for a significant reflection effect on the secondary star may be progenitors to cataclysmic variable systems.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 287; 320-333
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Results are reported for image-tube-scanner and digicon observations of Feige 7, a faint blue star identified as a probable white dwarf. It is found that this star is a magnetic white dwarf showing a very rich spectrum with Zeeman subcomponents of both hydrogen and neutral helium as well as periodic spectrum and circular-polarization variations. A polarization period of 2.2 hr is computed, and a surface magnetic-field strength of about 18 MG is determined by matching features of the absorption spectrum to Zeeman components. It is suggested that the only reasonable explanation for the periodic variations in circular polarization is an oblique rotator with the spin axis approximately in the plane of the sky and tilted by about 24 deg to the magnetic axis. An effective temperature in the range from 20,000 to 25,000 K is estimated, an absolute magnitude of about 10.5 is derived, and the atmosphere is shown to be helium-dominated. The evolution of Feige 7 is discussed in terms of possible magnetic-field effects on atmospheric composition, rotation velocity (5.5 km/s for a radius of 7000 km), and the origin of white-dwarf magnetic fields.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 214
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: We have obtained medium-resolution spectra in the yellow of seven stars in the error box of the binary radio pulsar PSR 1913 + 16, using the image-tube scanner at the Lick 3-m telescope. None of the objects is spectroscopically abnormal and thus a strong candidate for membership in the system. The data are used to establish the extinction in the field, which is modest for this low galactic latitude. For three of the stars, limits of the order V exceeding 23 mag on optical pulsations with the frequency of the radio pulsar are derived. X-ray observations of the field have been obtained in the 2.5-7.5 keV band, using the UCL experiment aboard OAO Copernicus. No source is detected, with a 2 sigma upper limit on the time-averaged flux of 1.0 times 10 to the -10th power ergs per sq cm per sec.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 200; Aug. 15
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Optical spectrophotometric observations are presented and analyzed for Lanning 14, which was recently classified as a DO white dwarf and has one of the strongest He II 4868 absorption lines of any known star, with strong He Bracket lines and weak He I. An effective temperature of 55,000 plus or minus 2500 K, log g near 8, and He/H ratio equal to or greater than 100, have been derived by means of a new grid of hot, high-gravity, mixed-composition models. It is concluded that Lanning 14 is both hotter and more helium-rich than the prototype DO star HZ 21.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Journal; 86; Sept
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