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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bioscience reports 12 (1992), S. 109-114 
    ISSN: 1573-4935
    Keywords: energy metabolism ; oxygen consumption ; thymocytes ; ConA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of ConA on the energy metabolism of quiescent rat thymocytes was investigated by measuring the effects of inhibitors of protein synthesis, proteolysis, RNA/DNA synthesis, Na+K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and mitochondrial ATP synthesis on respiration. Only about 50% of the coupled oxygen consumption of quiescent thymocytes could be assigned to specific processes using two different media. Under these conditions the oxygen is mainly used to drive mitochondrial proton leak and to provide ATP for protein synthesis and cation transport, whereas oxygen consumption to provide ATP for RNA/DNA synthesis and ATP-dependent proteolysis was not measurable. The mitogen ConA produced a persistent increase in oxygen consumption by about 30% within seconds. After stimulation more than 80% of respiration could be assigned to specific processes. The major oxygen consuming processes of ConA-stimulated thymocytes are mitochondrial proton leak, protein synthesis and Na+K+-ATPase with about 20% each of total oxygen consumption, while Ca2+-ATPase and RNA/DNA synthesis contribute about 10% each. Quiescent thymocytes resemble resting hepatocytes in that most of the oxygen consumption remains unexplained. In contrast, the pattern of energy metabolism in stimulated thymocytes is similar to that described for Ehrlich Ascites tumour cells and splenocytes, which may also be in an activated state. Most of the oxygen consumption is accounted for, so the unexplained process(es) in unstimulated cells shut(s) off on stimulation.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bioscience reports 12 (1992), S. 381-386 
    ISSN: 1573-4935
    Keywords: energy metabolism ; oxygen consumption ; thymocytes ; ConA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of ConA on the energy metabolism of quiescent rat thymocytes was investigated by measuring the effects of inhibitors of protein synthesis, proteolysis, RNA/DNA synthesis, Na+K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and mitochondrial ATP synthesis on respiration. Only about 50% of the coupled oxygen consumption of quiescent thymocytes could be assigned to specific processes using two different media. Under these conditions the oxygen is mainly used to drive mitochondrial proton leak and to provide ATP for protein synthesis and cation transport, whereas oxygen consumption to provide ATP for RNA/DNA synthesis and ATP-dependent proteolysis was not measurable. The mitogen ConA produced a persistent increase in oxygen consumption by about 30% within seconds. After stimulation more than 80% of respiration could be assigned to specific processes. The major oxygen consuming processes of ConA-stimulated thymocytes are mitochondrial proton leak, protein synthesis and Na+K+-ATPase with about 20% each of total oxygen consumption, while Ca2+-ATPase and RNA/DNA synthesis contribute about 10% each. Quiescent thymocytes resemble resting hepatocytes in that most of the oxygen consumption remains unexplained. In constrast, the pattern of energy metabolism in stimulated thymocytes is similar to that described for Ehrlich Ascites tumour cells and splenocytes, which may also be in an activated state. Most of the oxygen consumption is accounted for, so the unexplained process(es) in unstimulated cells shut(s) off on stimulation.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 31.20Pv ; 31.50.+w ; 31.70.−f ; 34.20.−b ; 34.50.Gb ; 35.20.Gs ; 82.40.Dm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using crossed beams of metastable rare gas atoms Rg*(ms3 P 2,3 P 0) (Rg=Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) and ground state sodium atoms Na(3s 2 S 1/2), we have measured the energy spectra of electrons released in the respective Penning ionization processes at thermal collision energies. For Rg*(3 P 2)+Na(3s), the spectra are quite similar for the different rare gases, both in width and shape; they reflect attractive interactions in the entrance channel with well depthsD* e [meV] decreasing slowly from Rg=Ne to Xe as follows: 676(18); 602(23); 565(26); 555(30). For Rg*(3 P 0)+Na(3s), the spectra vary strongly with the rare gas, indicating a change in the character of the interaction from van der Waals type attraction (Ne) to chemical binding for Kr and Xe with well depthsD* e [meV] of: 51(19); 107(25); 432(30); 530(50). These findings are explained through model calculations of the respective potential curves, in which the exchange and the spin orbit interaction in the excited rare gas and the molecular interaction between the two valences-electrons in terms of suitably chosen singlet and triplet potentials are taken into account. These calculations also explain qualitatively the experimental finding that the ratiosq 2/q 0 of the ionization cross sections for Rg*(3 P 2)+Na and Rg*(3 P 0)+Na vary strongly with the rare gas from Ne to Xe as follows: 15.8(3.2); 2.6(4); 1.4(2); 1.6(4).
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 31.20.Di ; 34.50.Gb ; 52.20.Hv
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have carried out a comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigation of the autoionizing collision systems He*(23 S, 21 S) + He*(23 S). We present high resolution electron energy spectra, obtained with a single He* beam (average relative collision energy 〈E rel〉=1.6 meV) and with crossed He* beams (〈E rel〉〉 =61 meV). The spectra show substantial structure, and under single beam conditions fast oscillations due to the interference of incoming and outgoing heavy particle waves in the entrance channels are observed. Accurate ab initio potential curves for the seven lowest He*—He*(Σ) molecular states have been obtained from a Feshbach projection scheme, and width functions for He*(23 S) + He*(23 S) have been derived by Stieltjes imaging. Based on these ab initio data, detailed quantum mechanical calculations of the electron spectra have been carried out and provide a thorough understanding of the experimentally observed spectral features. Good overall agreement of the calculated spectra with the experimental data is observed. The close coincidence in the positions of the experimental and theoretical peaks, especially for He*(23 S) + He*(23 S), underlines the reliability of the ab initio potentials. In the He*(21 S) + He*(23 S) electron spectrum, the dominant peak is traced to be due to autoionization from the 23Σ+ g molecular state accessed via an avoided crossing. We also present a detailed discussion of the total ionization cross sections σtot and of the fraction σAI/σtot for associative ionization together with a critical comparison with previous work. The ionization probabilities for close collisions in entrance channels, from which autoionization is spin-allowed, are near unity, and therefore the absolute values and the collision energy dependence of the total cross sections simply reflect the long-range behaviour of the excited state potentials.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2014-03-20
    Description: Author(s): J. M. Mueller, M. W. Ahmed, R. H. France, III, M. S. Johnson, H. J. Karwowski, L. S. Myers, J. Randrup, M. H. Sikora, M. C. Spraker, S. Stave, J. R. Tompkins, R. Vogt, H. R. Weller, C. S. Whisnant, and W. R. Zimmerman Photofission experiments were performed on targets of Th232, U233,235,238, Np237, and Pu239,240 using nearly 100% linearly polarized, high intensity (∼5×106γ/s), and nearly-monoenergetic γ-ray beams having energies between 5.3 and 7.6 MeV at the High Intensity γ-ray Source (HIγS) located at Duke Uni... [Phys. Rev. C 89, 034615] Published Wed Mar 19, 2014
    Keywords: Nuclear Reactions
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2012-01-12
    Description: Author(s): J. M. Mueller, M. W. Ahmed, B. Davis, J. M. Hall, S. S. Henshaw, M. S. Johnson, H. J. Karwowski, D. Markoff, L. S. Myers, B. A. Perdue, S. Stave, J. R. Tompkins, M. J. Tuffley, and H. R. Weller [Phys. Rev. C 85, 014605] Published Wed Jan 11, 2012
    Keywords: Nuclear Reactions
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-08-27
    Description: Author(s): L. S. Myers, M. W. Ahmed, G. Feldman, A. Kafkarkou, D. P. Kendellen, I. Mazumdar, J. M. Mueller, M. H. Sikora, H. R. Weller, and W. R. Zimmerman Cross sections for Li6(γ,γ)Li6 have been measured at the High Intensity Gamma-Ray Source (HIγ⃗S) and the sensitivity of these cross sections to the nucleon isoscalar polarizabilities was studied. Data were collected using a quasimonoenergetic 86-MeV photon beam at photon scattering angles of 40∘–160... [Phys. Rev. C 90, 027603] Published Tue Aug 26, 2014
    Keywords: Nuclear Reactions
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2015-09-11
    Description: Author(s): J. M. Mueller, M. W. Ahmed, B. J. Davis, H. J. Karwowski, D. M. Markoff, L. S. Myers, M. C. Spraker, S. Stave, J. R. Tompkins, H. R. Weller, and W. R. Zimmerman Measurements of the Be 9 ( γ , n 0 ) reaction were performed using nearly 100% linearly polarized, high-intensity, and nearly monoenergetic γ -ray beams having energies between 5.5 and 15.5 MeV at the High Intensity γ -ray Source located at Duke University and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory. Eighte… [Phys. Rev. C 92, 034604] Published Thu Sep 10, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Reactions
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
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