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  • 27.90.+b  (1)
  • chlorophyll-phosphorus  (1)
  • ir, uv/vis, photoelectron spectra  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.20.Dc ; 25.85.Jg ; 27.90.+b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The total photofission cross section σγ,F for235U and238U has been measured in the energy range 50≤E γ≤800 MeV at the 855 MeV Mainz Microtron MAMI using energy and time tagged photons (Glasgow Tagger) and a 4π arrangement of position sensitive fragment detectors. Besides the absolute photofission cross section σγF , which almost completely exhausts the total photon absorption cross section for these nuclei, fragment mass distributions in this energy domain were determined via time of flight techniques (TOF). The results for the total photofission cross sections σγ,F normalized to the atomic numberA for both isotopes coincide, and agree in theΔ-resonance region, within the systematic errors, with the socalled“Universal Curve” σγ,T /A of the total photon absorption cross section σγ,T . At higher energies the cross sections exhibit a smooth behaviour. In particular, it is shown for the first time that there isno resonance-like shape near the D13 resonance (at ≈710 MeV) as observed for the free proton. This complete suppression of the D13 resonance in complex nuclei is not yet understood on a microscopic level. The fragment mass distributions show a predominantly mass symmetric fission. However, contributions from mass asymmetric fission at some photon energies may give a hint of an increased mass asymmetric fission after the onset of the pion and two pion channels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: dune lakes ; acidic freshwaters ; chlorophyll-phosphorus ; eutrophication ; Australia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This study provides the most comprehensive physico-chemical and phytoplankton data yet available for Australian dune lakes, which are among the world's most naturally acidic and oligotrophic freshwaters. Seasonal and spatial variations were examined in Blue Lagoon and Lake Freshwater, two ‘water-table window’ lakes in south-east Queensland. Like other dune lakes, they are acidic (minimum pH 4.20 and 4.55, respectively), polymictic water bodies with low concentrations of marine-derived major ions and almost undetectable levels of trace metals. While linmologically similar in winter, during spring-summer Lake Freshwater has significantly higher levels of chlorophyll-a, total phosphorus (TP) and turbidity than Blue Lagoon and other dune lakes, indicating seasonal mesotrophy. The key nutrient is TP, which has recently increased to a maximum of 17 μ· l−1, due either to inputs from recreational sources, or to the death and decomposition of littoral vegetation resulting from falling water levels over the last decade. Inorganic nitrogen, though present only in small amounts, does not appear to limit the eutrophication process because of a shift in phytoplankton dominance from the usual desmids and dinoflagellates to N2-fixing blue-green algae. A chlorophyll - TP linear regression derived for dune lakes indicates that at TP 〈 20 µg · l−1 chlorophyll ‘yield’ is higher than in other lake types represented by regressions from the literature. This may be due to a more efficient utilization of the limited available phosphorus by dune lake algae which have adapted to the naturally oligotrophic environment. The implications of these findings for lake management are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Rare earth hydride halides ; ir, uv/vis, photoelectron spectra ; magnetism ; electrical properties ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: LnHal2Hn - New Phases in the Ternary System Ln/Hal/H (Ln = Lanthanoid, Hal = Br, I) 111. Physical PropertiesIR and diffuse reflectance spectra, magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistance as well as photo-electron spectra of GdI2Hn and CeI2Hn (n ≦ 1) are reported. GdI2Hn samples with 0 〈 n 5 1 are insulators or semiconductors. Compounds with n = 1 are colourless, with n 〈 1 blue transparent. Phases with n 〈 0.9 show metallic lustre. This feature and the electrical properties can be understood on the basis of the electronic structure (Extended Hückel calculations, photoelectron- and reflectance spectroscopy). For n ≠ 1, in contrast to the stoichiometric hydride halides, bands approx. 1 eV below the Fermi edge are populated. With decreasing H content they broaden and the density of states increases. CeI2Hn exhibits a metal-to-semiconductor transition for n = 0.33. According to the susceptibility measurements the ferromagnetic order of GdI2 successively is suppressed by the incorporation of hydrogen. Simultaneously, correlated regions with spontaneous magnetization are maintained. Temperature dependent X-ray diffraction measurements also indicate the existance of such clusters.
    Notes: Es wird über IR- und diffuse Reflexionsspektroskopie, magnetische Suszeptibilitäts- und elektrische Widerstandsmessungen sowie Photoelektronenspektroskopie an GdI2Hn und Cel2Hn und Cel2Hn (n ≦ 1) berichtet. GdI2Hn-Proben mit 0 〈 n ≦ 1 sind Isolatoren bzw. Halbleiter. Verbindungen mit n = 1 sind farblos, mit n 〈 1 blau transparent und n 〈 0,9 zunehmend metallisch glänzend. Dies und die elektrischen Eigenschaften sind mit der elektronischen Struktur (Extended-Hückel-Rechnungen, Photoelektronen- und Reflexionsspektren) interpretierbar: Gegenüber den stöchiometrischen Hydridhalogeniden werden bei n ≠ 1 ca. 1 eV unterhalb der Fermikante Bänder besetzt, die sich mit sinkendem H-Gehalt zunehmend verbreitern und deren Zustandsdichte sich erhöht. CeI2Hn zeigt einen Metall-Halbleiter-Übergang bei n ∼ 0,33.Suszeptibilitätsmessungen zufolge wird die ferromagnetische Ordnung in GdI2 durch den Einbau von Wasserstoff sukzessive unterdrückt. Dies geschieht unter Erhalt von korrelierten Bereichen, die ferromagnetische Spontanmagnetisierung aufweisen. Für die Existenz solcher Cluster sprechen auch die Ergebnisse temperaturabhängiger Röntgendiffraktometrie.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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