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  • b-value  (2)
  • 2016 Amatrice-Visso-Norcia seismic sequence (central Italy)  (1)
  • Amatrice earthquake August 24th 2016  (1)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2020-12-03
    Description: We present the first high-quality catalog of early aftershocks of the three mainshocks of the 2016 central Italy Amatrice-Visso-Norcia normal faulting sequence. We located 10,574 manually picked aftershocks with a robust probabilistic, non-linear method achieving a significant improvement in the solution accuracy and magnitude completeness with respect to previous studies. Aftershock distribution and relocated mainshocks give insight into the complex architecture of major causative and subsidiary faults, thus providing crucial constraints on multi-segment rupture models. We document reactivation and kinematic inversion of a WNW-dipping listric structure, referable to the inherited Mts Sibillini Thrust (MST) that controlled segmentation of the causative normal faults. Spatial partitioning of aftershocks evidences that the MST lateral ramp had a dual control on rupture propagation, behaving as a barrier for the Amatrice and Visso mainshocks, and later as an asperity for the Norcia mainshock. We hypothesize that the Visso mainshock re-activated also the deep part of an optimally oriented preexisting thrust. Aftershock patterns reveal that the Amatrice Mw5.4 aftershock and the Norcia mainshock ruptured two distinct antithetic faults 3-4 km apart. Therefore, our results suggest to consider both the MST cross structure and the subsidiary antithetic fault in the finite-fault source modelling of the Norcia earthquake.
    Description: Published
    Description: 6921
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 2016 Amatrice-Visso-Norcia seismic sequence (central Italy) ; high-quality catalog of early Aftershocks ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-04-06
    Description: The spatial-temporal variations of b-value in the Gutenberg-Richter's relation are understood as stress meter and premonitory indicator of strong events. The characterization of the Gutenberg-Richter's relation is complicated by the difficulty of identifying the completeness magnitude Mc, since its inaccurate estimate may lead to biased conclusions on b-value. Therefore, many methods have been proposed to estimate b-values and their changes, but no agreement has been reached on which is the most appropriate algorithm. Here a principled statistical framework is presented for discerning and quantifying variations in the Gutenberg-Richter Law on empirical data. A new approach, called Normalized Distance (ND) test, is proposed, combining maximum-likelihood estimates with a goodness- of-fit test and bootstrap resampling. The proposed method is evaluated on synthetic data and compared with the most used approaches. The main result is that the ND test provides better estimates of Mc and b-value respect to all other methods. Finally, the same algorithms applied to the most recent Italian sequence provide contradictory results, indicating that detected b-value fluctuations may be apparent.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020JB021242
    Description: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: b-value ; magnitude distribution ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-02-19
    Description: The central Italy seismic sequence, started with the Mw = 6.0 Amatrice earthquake on August 24th 2016, is the first significant one after the Italian Seismic Bulletin (BSI) changed its analysis strategies in 2015. These new strategies consist on the release of the BSI every four months, the review of the events with ML ≥ 1.5 and the priority on the review of events with ML ≥ 3.5. Furthermore, in the last year we improved the bulletin tools and made possible the analysis of all the stations whose data are stored in the European Integrated Data Archive (EIDA). The new procedures and software utilities allowed, during the first month of 2016 emergency, to integrate, in the Bulletin, the temporary stations installed by the emergency group SISMIKO, both in real–time transmission and in stand-alone recording. In the early days of the sequence many of the BSI analysts were engaged in the monitoring room shifts, nevertheless at the end of August all events occurred in those days with ML ≥ 4 were analyzed; the largest event recovered and localized is a ML = 4.5 event immediately following the main shock. In September 2016, 83 events with ML ≥ 3.5 were analyzed and re-checked, the number of pickings greatly improved. The focal mechanism of the main shock was evaluated using first motion polarities, and compared with the available Time Domain Moment Tensors and Regional Centroid Moment Tensor. The first eight hours of the day on August 24th, the most critical for the INGV surveillance room, were carefully analyzed: the number of located events increased from 133 to 408. The magnitude of completeness, after the analysis of the BSI, has dropped significantly from about 3.5 to 2.7. The mainshock focal mechanism and the relative locations of the first 8 hours’ aftershocks give clues on the initial fault activation. The seismic sequence in November 2016 is still ongoing; it included a mainshock of Mw = 6.5 on October 30th and 3 events of magnitude greater than 5.0 one on August 24th and two on October 26th.
    Description: Published
    Description: 4IT. Banche dati
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Central Italy seismic sequence ; Amatrice earthquake August 24th 2016 ; Italian Seismic Bulletin BSI ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-11-10
    Description: This article has been accepted for publication in Geophysical Journal International ©: The Authors 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy.
    Description: The Gutenberg–Richter b-value is thought to be a proxy of stress conditions in the crust and therefore able to locate asperities as zones of stress concentration responsible for the nucleation of strong events. The scientific literature contains a broad range of case studies showing precursory drops of b, just before the occurrence of strong events, and subsequent rises, during the early part of aftershocks sequences. Translating these results into hazard assessment, the b-value has assumed the status of a candidate precursor to the occurrence of an imminent large event. This issue is analysed here for three major seismic sequences that occurred recently in Italy. In comparison to previous studies, this investigation indicates that the variability of b may not be a reliable indicator of stress or a significant precursor in these examples, and instead may be assigned to a combination of chance, inhomogeneities in the data and inefficiencies in estimation methodologies. Consequently, extreme caution is required when we interpret b-values both as a proxy of physical processes involved in a seismic sequence and as a precursor to the occurrence of imminent strong events.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1545–1555
    Description: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Statistical methods ; b-value
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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