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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (11)
  • Organic Chemistry  (10)
  • General Chemistry  (4)
  • 2-D PAGE
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Physics
  • Preparation of quaternary copper oxides
  • Pseudomonas sp. B13 FR1 SN45P
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 56 (1897), S. 475-506 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 98 (1918), S. 222-232 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 312 (1970), S. 150-160 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei Umsetzungen von Natrium-, Kalium- oder Ammoniumvinylpentafluorosilikat mit Silbernitrat oder Kupfersulfat wurden Äthylen und Butadien erhalten. Trifluorvinyltrichlorsilan gab mit Antimontrifluorid Trifluorvinyltrifluorsilan, woraus sich mit Kalium-, Natrium- und Ammoniumfluorid in aprotonischen Lösungsmitteln die entsprechenden Trifluorvinylpentafluorosilikate gewinnen ließen. Bei deren Umsetzung mit Silbernitrat bzw. Kupfersulfat entstanden Trifluoräthylen bzw. ein Gemisch von diesem mit Hexafluorbutadien. Das Verhältnis, in dem sich diese. Gase jeweils bildeten, ist von Menge und Art des eingesetzten Schwermetallsalzes stark abhängig.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 57 (1944), S. 126-126 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 23 (1910), S. 351-355 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 51 (1996), S. 528-537 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: chlorobenzoic acid ; methylbenzoic acid ; genetically modified strain ; Pseudomonas sp. B13 FR1 SN45P ; batch cultivation ; chemostat ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Degradation of 3-chlorobenzoic acid (3CB), 4-chlorobenzoic acid (4CB), and 4-methylbenzoic acid (4MB) as single substrates (carbon sources) and as a substrate mixture were studied in batch and continuous culture using the genetically modified microorganism Pseudomonas sp. B13 FR1 SN45P. The strain was able to mineralize the single compounds as well as the substrate mixture completely. Conversion of the three compounds in the substrate mixture proceeded simultaneously. Maximum specific substrate conversion rates were calculated to be 0.9 g g-1 h-1 for 3 CB and 4CB and 1.1 g g-1 h-1 for 4MB. Mass balances indicated the transient accumulation of pathway intermediates during batch cultivations. Hence, the rate limiting step in the degradative pathway is not the initial microbial attack of the original substrate or its transport through the cell membrane. Degradation rates on 3CB were comparable to those of the parent strain Pseudomonas sp. B13. The stability of the degradation pathways of strain Pseudomonas sp. B13 FR1 SN45P could be demonstrated in a continuous cultivation over 3.5 months (734 generation times) on 3CB, 4MB, and 4CB, which were used as single carbon sources one after the other.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 36 (1998), S. 2047-2056 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: polypropylene ; spherulite ; cocrystallization ; lamellae ; Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: During spherulitic crystallization of polymers, there is a tendency for low molecular weight and other less crystallizable entities to be rejected from the body of the spherulites. This rejection process causes a segregation of these species to those areas where spherulites impinge. As a result of this segregation, lamellar and spherulite boundaries have a tendency to become weak, often resulting in premature mechanical failure. The objective of this work, anthropomorphically speaking, is to develop a melt miscible blend system in which a propylene copolymer “fools” a polypropylene homopolymer into rejecting the copolymer to the spherulite boundaries as an impurity. However, once the copolymer arrives at these boundaries, the copolymer subsequently connects adjacent spherulites through cocrystallization of the propylene copolymer segments. It was found that addition of either a random ethylene-propylene copolymer or an isotactic-atactic block copolymer was able to yield the desired effect. Cocrystallization was confirmed by calorimetry, and segregation of copolymer and subsequent reinforcement at the spherulite boundaries was directly observed microscopically. Using this approach, toughness was increased with little loss in stiffness. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 2047-2056, 1998
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 120 (1984), S. 163-175 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Pyrolyse-Felddesorptions-Massenspektrometrie ist zur Untersuchung verschiedener Polyamide wie Nylon 6,8,12 und Nylon 66 verwendet worden. Das pyrolytische Verhalten dieser Verbindungen hängt stark vom Lösungsmittel und vom Temperatur-programm ab. Ameisensäure als Lösungsmittel ruft starke thermische Fragmentierung hervor, während mit 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol fast ausschließlich Molekülionen oder kationisierte Moleküle gebildet werden. Mit zunehmender Temperatur entstehen größere Cluster der polymeren Untereinheit (Mn + Na)+, aber gleichzeitig nimmt die thermische Fragmentierung auf der Emitteroberfläche zu. Die kationisierten Moleküle sind in allen Spektren dominant. Sie werden von M3 bis M5 oder M15 gebildet, je nach Kettenlange der polymeren Untereinheit. Mit zunehmender Temperatur verschiebt sich der Basispeak des Spektrums zu höheren Massen, und schwache Signale bis m/z 2000 und darüber werden registriert. Thermische Produkte werden hauptsächlich gebildet durch Wassereliminierung (-18 mu), Verlust der Säureamid-Gruppe (-44 mu) nach Umlagerung und von längeren Polyamiden durch Verlust von Methylengruppen (-42 oder 56 mu) durch cis-Eliminierung.Diese thermische Fragmentierung der Polymeren auf der Emitteroberfläche kann durch geeignete Emitterheizung kontrolliert werden und stimmt direkt mit der allgemeinen chemischen Kenntnis von diesen Substanzen in flüssiger und fester Phase überein. Zusammen mit den Vorteilen der integrierten Registrierung, der hohen Massenauflösung und der direkten Isotopenbestimmung ist die Kombination von Pyrolyse und Felddesorptions-Massenspektrometrie hervorragend geeignet zur Charakterisierung von synthetischen Polymeren anhand ihrer Untereinheiten und deren Sequenzen im hohen Massenbereich.
    Notes: Pyrolysis field desorption mass spectrometry has been performed from various polyamides such as nylon 6, 8, 12, and nylon 66. The pyrolytic behaviour of these compounds depends strongly on the solvent and the temperature program employed. Using formic acid as solvent strong thermal fragmentation is observed, while with 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol almost exclusively molecular ions or cationized molecules of the monomer building block M are produced. With increasing temperature larger clusters of polymeric subunits (Mn + Na)+ are generated, but thermal fragmentation on the emitter surface also increases. The cationized molecules dominate all spectra. They are found from M3 to M5 or M15 depending on the chain length of the polymer subunit. With increasing temperature, the base peak of the spectrum is shifted to the higher mass end and small signals up to m/z 2000 and above are recorded. Thermal products are mainly formed by water elimination (-18 mu), loss of the acid amide group (-44 mu) after rearrangement and from longer polyamides by loss of the methylene groups (- 42 or 56 mu) by cis-elimination.These thermal fragmentations of the polymeric substances on the emitter surface can be controlled by appropriate emitter heating and correlate directly with the common chemical knowledge of these materials in the liquid or solid phase. Together with the options of integrating recording, high mass resolution and direct isotope determination, the combination of pyrolysis and field desorption mass spectrometry offers a unique tool for characterization of building blocks and high mass sequences in synthetic polymers.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The viscosity level in the range of the Newtonian viscosity η0, as well as in the shear rate dependent range (non-Newtonian-viscosity, η = f(\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \mathop \gamma \limits^. $$\end{document})) of polymer solutions can be determined on the basis of a molecular modelling. Prerequisite is the information about the molecular parameters of the individual molecules  -  found in most cases in handbooks  -  and the result of the one-point measurement of η0 in the concentrated range.In addition, a criterium for shear stability was obtained, predicting the boundary range between a stable and a degraded polymer solution. This criterium holds for the laminar as well as for the turbulent flow. So, answers could be given to technologically interesting questions about the stability of the solutions.Under modified considerations, these results may be applied to polymer melts.
    Notes: Das Viskositätsniveau im Bereich der Ruhescherviskosität η0 (Newtonscher Bereich) sowie im schergeschwindigkeitsabhängigen Bereich (nicht-Newtonscher Bereich (η = f(\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \mathop \gamma \limits^. $$\end{document})) von Polymerlösungen kann auf der Basis molekularer Modellierungen bestimmt werden. Voraussetzung hierfür ist die Kenntnis der molekularen Parameter des Einzelmoleküls, welche in vielen Fällen Handbüchern entnommen werden könen, und das Ergebnis einer Einpunktmessung von η0 in konzentrierter Lösung. Darüber hinaus wurde ein Stabilitätskriterium erarbeitet, das den Grenzbereich zwischen einer scherstabilen und einer degradierten Polymerlösung vorhersagt. Dieses Kriterium ist sowohl für den laminaren als auch für den turbulenten Strömungszustand verwendbar, wodurch anwendungstechnologisch bedeutsame Fragestellungen bezüglich der Stabilität beantwortet werden können.Die Ergebnisse sind unter einer modifizierten Betrachtungsweise auf Polymerschmelzen übertragbar.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 55 (1972), S. 2663-2673 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A novel synthesis of the title compound, involving the resolution of a Mannichbase derived from racemic 11,11-o-phenylenedioxy-7-hydroxy-1-dodecen-3-one is described. In an alternate approach 2(S)-acetamido-6,6-o-phenylenedioxy-heptanoic acid was used as the optically active starting material. This scheme features the preparation of a chiral 1,2-epoxide and its regiospecific alkylation with lithio-1, 1-diethoxy-2-propyne.
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