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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of 1-octen-3-one with antixenotic resistance in subterranean clover cotyledons to red-legged earth mite,Halotydeus destructor (Acarina: Penthaleidae) (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 22 (1996), S. 369-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Subterranean clover ; Trifolium subterraneum ; cotyledons ; redlegged earth mite ; Halotydeus destructor ; deterrence ; 1-octen-3-one ; volatiles ; host resistance ; antixenosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Artificially damaged cotyledons of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) released several volatile metabolites, including 1-octen-3-one, arising from lipid peroxidation. The amount of 1-octen-3-one produced was negatively correlated with feeding damage caused by the red-legged earth mite (Halotydeus destructor) in nine out of 10 resistant and susceptibleT. subterraneum varieties tested. The EC50 of this compound in deterring mites from feeding in a membrane bioassay was 50 ppm. Cotyledon toughness was also involved in resistance. The resistant variety, S3615D, which has the lowest toughness value among the resistant varieties, produced the highest amount of 1-octen-3-one recovered from the headspace in 1 hr. Artificially damaged cotyledons of both susceptible Dalkeith and resistant DG1007, growing in shade, showed lower toughness, but had enhanced production of C8 volatile compounds and were avoided by mites during a 3-hr feeding test. When both 1-octen-3-one content and cotyledon toughness value were taken as cofactors in resistance, the resultant multiplication value yielded a more significantly negative correlation with mite feeding damage scores within the 10 varieties than either factor alone. We conclude that 1-octen-3-one has a role in resistance of subclover cotyledon to the mite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02055105
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of Isoflavonoids in Resistance of Subterranean Clover Trifoliates to the Redlegged Earth Mite Halotydeus destructor (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 24 (1998), S. 2089-2100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Trifolium subterraneum ; trifoliates ; Halotydeus destructor ; free isoflavones ; bound isoflavones ; resistance ; deterrent activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Mature leaves of variety SE014 of Trifolium subterraneum are resistant to the redlegged earth mite (Halotydeus destructor). Compounds with feeding deterrent activity present in the leaves were isolated and identified by using a membrane bioassay technique. The free isoflavones, formononetin, genistein, and biochanin A, their corresponding 7-O-glucosides, and biochanin A 7-O-glucoside-6″-O-malonate and genistein 7-O-glucoside-6″-O-malonate, were active. In addition, the biosynthetic precursors of formononetin and genistein, 2,5,7-trihydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavanol and 2,5,7,4′-tetrahydroxyisoflavanol, also were deterrent to the redlegged mites. The relative activity of these compounds was determined and some structure-activity correlations are noted. The constitutive defense mechanism that contributes to the resistance of subclover trifoliates to the mite contrasts with the induced chemical mechanism previously found for subterranean clover cotyledons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020789710706
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Levels of Isoflavonoids as Indicators of Resistance of Subterranean Clover Trifoliates to Redlegged Earth Mite Halotydeus destructor (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 25 (1999), S. 795-803 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Trifolium subterraneum ; trifoliate leaves ; Halotydeus destructor ; free isoflavones ; bound isoflavones ; plant resistance ; deterrent activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The extracts, obtained with methanol from crushed trifoliates and from the surface layer of the trifoliates, contained isoflavones in both the free and bound forms as the major components, compounds known to exhibit feeding deterrence towards the redlegged earth mite. The levels of these compounds were quantified and showed considerable variation in extracts of one susceptible variety and four varieties with differing levels of resistance. The relative resistance of the five varieties established from field observations was compared with the amounts of isoflavone derivatives obtained in the two extracts. A better ranking of resistance was found with levels of isoflavones on the leaf surface than with the total amount of isoflavones in the trifoliates. These results suggest a simple method for determining the relative resistance of subterranean clover to the mite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020840616583
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