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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy  (10)
  • 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data  (7)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics  (5)
  • 8164
  • Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain)
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Keywords
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Years
  • 11
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    Regional Moment Tensor Review: An Example from the 2 European–Mediterranean Region (2015)
    Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The seismic moment tensor is the complete mathematical representation of the movement on a fault 10 during an earthquake, comprising of the couples of forces that produced it, the description of the fault 11 geometry, and its size by means of the scalar seismic moment M0. 12 The computation of seismic moment tensor has become a widely diffused activity because of the 13 relevance of this kind of data in seismotectonic and geodynamic studies and, in more recent times, 14 because it allows obtaining rapid information about a seismic event immediately after its occurrence. This 15 progress has been possible with the advent of modern standardized instruments since the early 1960s, 16 above all of the very broadband seismographic stations that started to record in the late 1970s. Further- 17 more, time after time, the easier availability of digital data impressed a strong incentive to improve the 18 procedures of source parameter computation.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 1-15
    Description: 4IT. Banche dati
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Regional centroid moment tensor ; Mediterranean ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 12
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    La rete sismica AlpArray e il contributo dell'INGV (2015)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Il progetto AlpArray (PI E. Kissling, Seismology and Geodynamics ETH) è un’iniziativa europea di collaborazione interdisciplinare sismologica e geodinamica, il cui obiettivo principale è quello di migliorare la comprensione della struttura profonda e della geodinamica delle Alpi (la catena montuosa più studiata al mondo) tramite l’acquisizione, l’analisi e l’interpretazione di dati sismologici di alta qualità. Per ottenere delle immagini di estremo dettaglio della crosta e del mantello, AlpArray propone la realizzazione di una rete sismica a maglia il più possibile omogenea (massima distanza inter- stazione 52 km, backbone network), tramite la condivisione dei dati delle reti permanenti esistenti e l’installazione, da parte di ciascun paese partecipante, di numerose stazioni sismiche temporanee a larga banda (BB). Il progetto prevede l'installazione di circa 250 stazioni sismiche in tutta Europa, in particolare in Italia, Francia, Svizzera, Germania, Austria, Croazia, Repubblica Ceca, Bosnia, Ungheria, Slovenia e Polonia. I dati confluiranno all’interno dell’archivio europeo denominato European Integrated Data Archive (EIDA). Considerata l’estensione geografica dell’area, i partecipanti combineranno le infrastrutture esistenti per l’acquisizione dei dati, il loro trattamento, l’applicazione delle tecniche più avanzate di imaging e l’interpretazione e modellazione dei risultati, in uno sforzo transnazionale ad una scala mai realizzata prima in Europa. Si tratta quindi di un’occasione fondamentale per lo scambio di competenze tecniche e scientifiche all’avanguardia. L’INGV, oltre a condividere i dati delle proprie stazioni permanenti nell’area di interesse, si occupa della installazione e della manutenzione sul territorio italiano di 20 nuove stazioni-BB temporanee i cui dati verranno trasmessi in tempo reale (partecipando così alla realizzazione del backbone) e coadiuva l’ETH nella ricerca dei siti italiani per altrettante stazioni svizzere e nella loro manutenzione ordinaria. L’acquisizione di una mole notevole di nuovi dati permetterà di raffinare le conoscenze sulla struttura e la composizione della litosfera e del mantello al di sotto dell’area alpina: Queste conoscenze sono anche utili ai fini della modellazione geodinamica. Il potenziamento del monitoraggio sismico aiuterà ad individuare e studiare in maggior dettaglio le aree sismogenetiche della regione alpina.
    Description: Published
    Description: Trieste
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: open
    Keywords: AlpArray ; seismic network ; Rete sismica ; Alpi ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 13
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    Seismic moment tensors of the April 2009, L'Aquila (Central Italy), earthquake sequence (2010)
    wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: On 2009 April 6, the Central Apennines were hit by an Mw= 6.3 earthquake. The region had been shaken since 2008 October by seismic activity that culminated in two foreshocks with Mw 〉 4, 1 week and a few hours before the main shock. We computed seismic moment tensors for 26 events with Mw between 3.9 and 6.3, using the Regional Centroid Moment Tensor (RCMT) scheme. Most of these source parameters have been computed within 1 hr after the earthquake and rapidly revised successively. The focal mechanisms are all extensional, with a variable and sometimes significant strike-slip component. This geometry agrees with the NE–SW extensional deformation of the Apennines, known from previous seismic and geodetic observations. Events group into three clusters. Those located in the southern area have larger centroid depths and a wider distribution of T-axis directions. These differences suggest that towards south a different fault system was activated with respect to the SW-dipping normal faults beneath L’Aquila and more to the north.
    Description: Published
    Description: 238-242
    Description: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: seismic moment tensor ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 14
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    Standardization of Seismic Tomographic Models and Earthquake Focal Mechanisms Datasets Based on Web Technologies, Visualization with Keyhole Markup Language (2012)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present two projects in seismology that have been ported to web technologies, which provide results in Keyhole Markup Language (KML) visualization layers. These use the Google Earth geo-browser as the flexible platform that can substitute specialized graphical tools to perform qualitative visual data analyses and comparisons. The Network of Research Infrastructures for European Seismology (NERIES) Tomographic Earth Model Repository contains datasets from over 20 models from the literature. A hierarchical structure of folders that represent the sets of depths for each model is implemented in KML, and this immediately results into an intuitive interface for users to navigate freely and to compare tomographic plots. The KML layer for the European-Mediterranean Regional Centroid-Moment Tensor Catalog displays the focal mechanism solutions or moderate magnitude Earthquakes from 1997 to the present. Our aim in both projects was to also propose standard representations of scientific datasets. Here, the general semantic approach of XML has an important impact that must be further explored, although we find the KML syntax to be more shifted towards detailed visualization aspects. We have thus used, and propose the use of, Javascript Object Notation (JSON), another semantic notation that stems from the web-development community that provides a compact, general-purpose, data-exchange format.
    Description: Published
    Description: 47-56
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: seismology ; geophysics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 15
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    Looking for layered anisotropic structures in the mantle beneath the northern Apennines (2015)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Competing geodynamic scenarios proposed for northern Apennines (Italy) make very different predictions for the orientation of strain in the upper mantle. Constraints on the pattern are offered by observations of seismic anisotropy. Previous study of the anisotropy beneath the northern Apennines used birefringence of core-refracted shear waves (SKS phases), and demonstrated the presence of two domains: Tuscan and Adria. In the transition between the two domains, across the Apennines orogen, anisotropy measurements reflect a complex deep structure. To define better the upper-mantle structure beneath this area we analyze seismological data recorded by a set of seismic stations that operated for 3 years, between 2003 and 2006, located in the outer part of the Apennines belt, in the Adria terrane, collected by the RETREAT Project. Directionally distributed sets of SKS records were inverted for layered anisotropic structures with a well-tested method, adding new results to previous hypotheses for this area. New data analysis argues for two-layer anisotropy for sites located on the Apennines wedge and also one site in the Tuscan terrane. Beneath the wedge an upper layer with nearly north-south fast polarization pervades the lithospheric mantle, while at depth a nearly NW–SE Apennines-parallel direction is present in the lower layer. Beneath Tuscany a shallower NW–SE direction and a deeper E–W one suggest the deeper strain from active slab retreat, with a mantle-wedge circulation (i.e. an east–west corner flow), overlain by an Apennines-parallel fast polarization that could be a remnant of lower-crust deformation.
    Description: Published
    Description: 39-51
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Subduction zones ; Seismic anisotropy ; Northern Apennines ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 16
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    Active deformation and seismicity in the Southern Alps (Italy): the Montello hill as a case study.
 (2015)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The Montello anticline is a morphotectonic feature of the east pede-mountain of the South Alpine Chain in northern Italy, which lies ca. 40 km northwest of Venice, Italy. The purpose of this study is to characterize the present-day crustal deformation and seismotectonics of the Montello area through multi-parametric geophysical observations. We used new data obtained from the installation of a temporary network of 12 seismic stations and 6 GPS sites. The GPS observations indicate that there is ~1 mm/yr shortening across the Montello thrust. Sites located north of the Montello thrust front deviate from the ~NNW-ward Adria-Eurasia convergence direction, as they are constrained by a relative rotation pole in northwestern Italy that has a NNE-ward motion trend. Over 18 months, seismographic recordings allowed us to locate 142 local seismic events with Ml 0.5-3.5 with good reliability (rms 〈0.5). After cross-correlation analysis, we classified 42 of these events into six clusters, with cross-correlation thresholds 〉0.80. The source focal solutions indicate that: (i) there is thrusting seismic activity on the basal, sub-horizontal, portion of the Montello structure; and (ii) strike-slip source kinematics prevail on the western edge of the Montello hill. Our observations on the source mechanisms and the measured crustal deformation confirm that the Montello thrust is tectonically active.
    Description: Published
    Description: 95-108
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Northern Italy ; Eastern Southern Alps ; Tectonic deformation ; Satellite geodesy ; Earthquake source observation ; Continental neotectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 17
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    Hints on the deformation penetration induced by subductions and collision processes: Seismic anisotropy beneath the Adria region (Central Mediterranean) (2013)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Adria is a small region surrounded by three mountain belts: the Alps, the Apennines, and the Dinarides, built up by long evolution of subduction and collisional systems. We present 253 shear wave splitting measurements obtained by studying more than 100 teleseismic events for 12 stations. SKS splitting measurements show 3-D complexity and quite strong upper mantle deformation. We carefully analyzed results in terms of back azimuthal coverage and interpret measurements as related to Adria rotation and to subductions evolution. In the northern part of Adria, the anisotropy pattern follows the arcuate shape of the Alps; the same pattern, parallel to the mountains, occurs along the Apennines, but fast directions show a sudden change in the Adria foreland. This lateral variation has been analyzed to isolate a distinct Adria mantle anisotropic pattern, which is identified as NE-SW fast direction along the western microplate boundary and as N-S fast direction at Trieste. This pattern might be induced by drag effect of the counterclockwise rotation of Adria lithosphere that behaves as an independent microplate as identified by GPS data. Our measurements suggest that the geodynamic process that generated the Alps is more efficient deforming a larger volume of mantle than its Apennine counterpart. Moreover, the mantle circulation we hypothesize looking at the regional-scale patterns of anisotropy requires the existence of an escape route beneath the Alps-Apennines transition, through which the mantle flows and feed circulation in the Tyrrhenian mantle system as suggested by previous geodynamic models and as seen by some tomographic studies.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5814–5826
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Seismic Anisotropy ; Adriatic region ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 18
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    Lateral Changes of seismic anisotropy in the upper mantle around the Northern Apennines (2012)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-19
    Description: We performed three-dimensional analysis of anisotropic parameters of body waves to develop a 3D self-consistent dynamic model of the syn-convergent extension in the Northern Apennines within the multidisciplinary project RETREAT. Simultaneous extension within the convergent margin can be the consequence of the retreat of the subducting Adriatic plate from the orogenic front, caused by sub-lithosphere mantle processes that seismic anisotropy can help to decipher. We use data recorded by the RETREAT temporary array consisting of 35 stations complemented by data of permanent INGV observatories. Currently, 18-months of data are available from some stations, representing half of the passive experiment duration. We detect many examples of core-refracted shear-wave splitting within the upper mantle, and observe both distinct lateral variations of anisotropic parameters and their dependence on the direction of propagation. In particular, the fast shear-wave polarization changes from slab-perpendicular to slab-parallel along the Apennines chain. There is also a distinct change in the anisotropic signals across the presumed boundary of the Tyrrhenian and Adriatic micro-plates. Variations of the splitting time delays and orientation of the fast shear waves, together with considerations on the geodynamics of the area, seem to exclude simple sub-lithosphere mantle corner flow as the only source of the observed anisotropy. Alternate models include (1) a frozen-in fabric of different lithosphere domains, and (2) complex mantle flow associated with the Plio-Pleisocene uplift and extension of Tuscany.
    Description: Published
    Description: Vienna
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: open
    Keywords: anisotropy ; SKS shear wave splitting ; Northern Apennines ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 19
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    Can We Consider the 1951 Caviaga (Northern Italy) Earthquakes as Noninduced Events? (2016)
    Seismological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: On the night between May 15 and 16, 1951, two moderate earthquakes with estimated magnitudes of M 5.4 and 4.5 occurred in northern Italy, about 40 km southeast of Milan, close to the small town of Caviaga. They were recorded by several observatories worldwide, as reported by the International Seismological Summary (ISS) Bulletin. Despite the moderate magnitudes, these two events caught the attention of seismologists and have been studied in detail, in particular by Caloi et al. (1956), because they were close to Caviaga, in an area that was assumed to be aseismic. Moreover, their shallow hypocenters (ca. 5 km in Caloi et al., 1956) indicated a possible anthropogenic source, related to wells for gas withdrawal. In the absence of any further discussion or revision of the original study by Caloi et al. (1956), the Caviaga earthquakes have been included in several compilations of induced seismicity, and they have been generally accepted as cases of anthropogenic events. After 60 years it is possible to revisit this interpretation using improved computational techniques, the available high-resolution data, enriched historical catalogs, and a deeper understanding of the regional seismotectonic and crustal structure. The focus of this study is the relocation of these two events with the use of modern hypocentral location methods, and the analysis of the historical seismicity of the area. A complete seismic source parameterization is out of the scope of this preliminary study. In the following we describe the regional geological setting and the gas reservoir characterization, introduce the context of historical seismicity, provide a description of the main shock relocation, discuss the uncertainties of the hypocentral parameters and estimate the variation of the stress field in proximity to wells. We consider this revision necessary to be able to discuss the possibility that these two events were not induced by human activity, as well as to improve the quality of the dataset for decision makers involved in risk evaluation.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1335-1344
    Description: 6T. Sismicità indotta e caratterizzazione sismica dei sistemi naturali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Induced Seismicity ; Seismic analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 20
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    Earthquake fault-plane solutions and patterns of seismicity within the Umbria Region, Italy (2007)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: In this paper we present a review of the seismotectonic features (an analysis of earthquake focal mechanisms and the distribution of seismicity) of the Northern Apennines, Umbria Region (Italy) in the area between Sansepolcro and Norcia. For this analysis, we used Centroid Moment Tensor (CMT) data for earthquakes with magnitude M〉5.0 and data computed by implementing the standard CMT algorithm to compute Regional Centroid Moment Tensor (RCMT) estimates for moderate-magnitude earthquakes (4.5〈M〈5.5), integrating pre-existing datasets. We used first-motion polarities to obtain fault-plane solutions for small earthquakes (2.5〈Md〈4.5) recorded by the seismic network deployed by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia. We analyzed the main features of the seismicity and the present-day tectonic regime in order to relate the seismicity patterns to seismogenic structures beneath Central Italy. In particular, we discuss the important role of a major low-angle normal fault, the Altotiberina Fault, in controlling crustal seismicity in this region.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: fault-plane solution ; seismicity ; seismotectonic ; Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 3049410 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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