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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods  (6)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: L’area del terremoto dell’Irpinia del 1930 corrisponde in profondità all'avampaese Apulo, inflesso al di sotto delle unità alloctone accavallate nella porzione frontale del cuneo orogenico, ma non coinvolto nelle strutture dei cosiddetti duplex dell'Apula sensu Patacca and Scandone (2004). In particolare, le profondità ipocentrali del terremoto del 1930 corrispondono al basamento sottostante la successione della Piattaforma Carbonatica Apula. Il campo macrosismico e i dati strumentali disponibili (si veda la sorgente in DISS, 2007, con relativa bibliografia, e Pino et al., sottomesso) suggeriscono una sorgente sismogenetica con un’orientazione e una cinematica che rappresentano una sorta di transizione tra la direzione W-E a cinematica trascorrente destra, che caratterizza la sismicità propria delle aree di avampaese sia affiorante che sepolto, e la direzione NW-SE a cinematica normale, che caratterizza la sismicità connessa all'estensione lungo l'asse della catena Appenninica (si veda il terremoto del 1980). In questo quadro, l’obiettivo dello studio magnetotellurico è stato quello di investigare i volumi di crosta al di sotto della successione Apula per valutare l'eventuale presenza di direzioni preferenziali dell'anisotropia di resistività che fossero confrontabili con la direzione della sorgente del terremoto del 1930. Il verificarsi di tale evenienza avrebbe potuto essere infatti interpretato come indizio di una zona di debolezza regionale, che avrebbe condizionato le caratteristiche geometriche e cinematiche della sorgente del terremoto stesso. Partendo dall’area sismogenetica segnalata nel DISS per questo terremoto, sono stati effettuati in un’area di circa 1000 km2 sondaggi magnetotellurici in 15 siti, nell’intervallo di 0.009- 4000 s. Per ciascun sito si è proceduto alla misura delle tre componenti ortogonali del campo magnetico e di tre componenti del campo elettrico, di cui due lungo la stessa linea e ortogonali alla terza. Ciò ha consentito la stima dei parametri magnetotellurici per due sondaggi adiacenti, al fine di meglio controllare possibili problemi di rumore antropico o strumentale. Le stazioni, fino ad un massimo di tre, hanno operato in contemporanea fungendo l’una per l’altra da remote reference (Gamble et al., 1979). Va sottolineata la buona qualità dei dati acquisiti sia in termini di stime stabili con diverse tecniche di analisi, che per basso scattering delle curve di resistività apparente e fase. Le risposte sperimentali sono state poi comparate con i dati di pozzo disponibili, verificando un ottimo accordo. È stata inoltre eseguita un’analisi sulle proprietà fisiche e geometriche del tensore impedenza, adottando lo schema di decomposizione di Weaver et al. (2000) dal quale è derivato poi lo studio degli invarianti magnetotellurici per la definizione della dimensionalità delle strutture elettriche investigate ai vari periodi (ovvero alle varie profondità). Circa il 75% dei dati analizzati implica strutture assimilabili necessariamente a modelli tridimensionali e le quattro componenti del tensore impedenza sono significativamente diverse da zero. Per questo tipo di strutture, seguendo Weaver et al. (2000), è comunque possibile definire una direzione di eterogeneità elettrica. Ciò è stato fatto per ciascun sondaggio e per ciascun periodo di stima. Mediante la trasformazione di Niblett–Bostick è stato poi ottenuto lo strike elettrico in funzione della profondità stimata. Viene riportata la direzione di strike per i vari sondaggi alla profondità stimata nell’intervallo 8 - 16 km, riferibile quindi a una porzione di crosta al di sotto del resistivo che identifica le successioni della Piattaforma Apula.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: CNR, P.le Aldo Moro 7, Roma, Italia
    Description: 2.6. TTC - Laboratorio di gravimetria, magnetismo ed elettromagnetismo in aree attive
    Description: open
    Keywords: Electrical anisotropy ; 1930 Irpinia earthquake ; southern Apennines ; Apulian foreland ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We conducted geophysical–geochemical measurements on a ∼2 kmN–S profile cutting across the Pernicana Fault, one of the most active tectonic features on the NE flank of Mt. Etna. The profile passes from the unstable E flank of the volcano (to the south) to the stable N flank and significant fluctuations in electrical resistivity, self-potential, and soil gas emissions (CO2, Rn and Th) are found. The detailed multidisciplinary analysis reveals a complex interplay between the structural setting, uprising hydrothermal fluids, meteoric fluids percolating downwards, ground permeability, and surface topography. In particular, the recovered fluid circulation model highlights that the southern sector is heavily fractured and faulted, allowing the formation of convective hydrothermal cells. Although the existence of a hydrothermal system in a volcanic area does not surprise, these results have great implications in terms of flank dynamics at Mt. Etna. Indeed, the hydrothermal activity, interacting with the Pernicana Fault activity, could enhance the flank instability. Our approach should be further extended along the full extent of the boundary between the stable and unstable sectors of Etna for a better evaluation of the geohazard in this active tectonic area.
    Description: This work was partly financed by the DPC-INGV FLANK and LAVA Projects.
    Description: Published
    Description: 137–142
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Pernicana Fault ; fluid circulation ; structural geology ; Etna ; magnetic ; electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.01. Geochemical exploration ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.05. Downhole, radioactivity, remote sensing, and other methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.07. Rock geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.04. Thermodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2012-02-03
    Description: Several Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) surveys have been carried out to study the subsurface structural and sedimentary settings of the upper Ufita River valley, and to evaluate their efficiency to distinguish the geological boundary between shallow Quaternary sedimentary deposits and clayey bedrock characterized by moderate resistivity contrast. Five shallow ERTs were carried out across a morphological scarp running at the foot of the northeastern slope of the valley. This valley shoulder is characterized by a set of triangular facets, that some authors associated to the presence of a SW-dipping normal fault. The geological studies allow us to interpret the shallow ERTs results obtaining a resistivity range for each Quaternary sedimentary deposit. The tomographies showed the geometrical relationships of alluvial and slope deposits, having a maximum thickness of 30-40 m, and the morphology of the bedrock. The resistivity range obtained for each sedimentary body has been used for calibrating the tomographic results of one 3560m-long deep ERT carried out across the deeper part of the intramountain depression with an investigation depth of about 170 m. The deep resistivity result highlighted the complex alluvial setting, characterized by alternating fine grained lacustrine deposits and coarser gravelly fluvial sediments.
    Description: In press
    Description: 2.6. TTC - Laboratorio di gravimetria, magnetismo ed elettromagnetismo in aree attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Shallow ERT ; Deep ERT ; Ufita River Valley ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: manuscript
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method has been used to study two tectonically active areas of southern Apennine (Caggiano Faults and Ufita Basin). The main aim of this job was to study the structural setting of the investigated areas, i.e. the geometry of the basins at depth, the location of active faults at surface, and their geometrical characterization. The comparison between ERT and trench/drilling data allowed us to evaluate the efficacy of the ERT method in studying active faults and the structural setting of seismogenic areas. In the Timpa del Vento intermontane basin, high resolution ERT across the Caggiano Fault scarps, with different arrays, electrode spacing (from 1 to 10 m) and penetration depth (from about 5 to 40 m) was carried out. The obtained resistivity models allowed us to locate the fault planes along the hillslope and to gather information at depth, as later con-firmed by paleoseismological trenches excavated across the fault trace. In the Ufita River Valley a 3560-m-long ERT was carried out across the basin, joining 11 roll-along multi-channel acquisition system with an electrode spacing of 20mand reaching an investigation depth of about 170 m. The ERT allowed us to reconstruct the geometry and thickness of the Quaternary deposits filling the Ufita Valley. Our reconstruction of the depositional setting is in agreement with an interpretative geological section based on borehole data.
    Description: Part of this activity research has been funded by the seismological projects S2, by the Italian Dipartimento della Protezione Civile and Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia.
    Description: Published
    Description: 61-65
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: ERT method ; Southern Apennines ; Ufita basin ; Caggiano fault ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: Several Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) surveys have been carried out to study the subsurface structural and sedimentary settings of the upper Ufita River valley, and to evaluate their efficiency to distinguish the geological boundary between shallow Quaternary sedimentary deposits and clayey bedrock characterized by moderate resistivity contrast. Five shallow ERTs were carried out across a morphological scarp running at the foot of the northeastern slope of the valley. This valley shoulder is characterized by a set of triangular facets, that some authors associated to the presence of a SW-dipping normal fault. The geological studies allow us to interpret the shallow ERTs results obtaining a resistivity range for each Quaternary sedimentary deposit. The tomographies showed the geometrical relationships of alluvial and slope deposits, having a maximum thickness of 30-40 m, and the morphology of the bedrock. The resistivity range obtained for each sedimentary body has been used for calibrating the tomographic results of one 3560m-long deep ERT carried out across the deeper part of the intramountain depression with an investigation depth of about 170 m. The deep resistivity result highlighted the complex alluvial setting, characterized by alternating fine grained lacustrine deposits and coarser gravelly fluvial sediments.
    Description: This work was partially funded by INGV-DPC grant to P. Burrato and A. Siniscalchi (Project S2, Research Units 2.4 and 2.16, respectively).
    Description: Published
    Description: 213-223
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: shallow ERT ; deep ERT ; Ufita River valley ; southern Apennines ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: On 23 July 1930, the Irpinia region in southern Italy experienced a destructive (M 6.7) earthquake that struck the eastern sector of the southern Apennines moutain belt. Previous studies suggest that this earthquake was caused by a seismogenic source having oblique right-lateral kinematics and striking at an angle between the general trend of NE-verging large dip-slip faults in the southern Apennines (~ NW-SE) and the E-W near-vertical, strike-slip right lateral faults that have been recently discovered in the foreland, east of the main extensional axis. Also, the ~14 km hypocentral depth of the 1930 earthquake that has been calculated in previous studies is likely located within the basement below the Apula carbonate platform succession. This puts the source of the 1930 earthquake not only in an intermediate region between pure normal (NW-SE) and strike-slip right-lateral (E-W) large seismogenic faults in the southern Apennines, but also at an hypocentral depth between the 12-13 km depth of the earthquakes caused by normal faulting (like the Irpinia 23 Nov. 1980, M 6.9 one) and the 15-20 km depth of the earthquakes caused by strike-slip faulting in the foreland (like the 31 Oct.-1 Nov. 2002, M 5.8 Molise ones). In this framework, we performed a magnetotelluric (MT) study to investigate the evidence of preferential direction in resistivity anisotropy and to compare it with the strike of the 1930 seismogenic fault.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Oslo, Norway
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: open
    Keywords: irpinia ; magnetotellurics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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