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  • 1
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    Phosphorelay and transcription control in cytokinin signal transduction (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-06-01
    Description: The past decade has seen substantial advances in knowledge of molecular mechanisms and actions of plant hormones, but only in the past few years has research on cytokinins begun to hit its stride. Cytokinins are master regulators of a large number of processes in plant development, which is known to be unusually plastic and adaptive, as well as resilient and perpetual. These characteristics allow plants to respond sensitively and quickly to their environments. Recent studies have demonstrated that cytokinin signaling involves a multistep two-component signaling pathway, resulting in the development of a canonical model of cytokinin signaling that is likely representative in plants. This Viewpoint outlines this general model, focusing on the specific example of Arabidopsis, and introduces the STKE Connections Maps for both the canonical module and the specific Arabidopsis Cytokinin Signaling Pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sheen, Jen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 31;296(5573):1650-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. sheen@molbio.mgh.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12040183" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ; Arabidopsis/genetics/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cytokinins/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Genes, Plant ; Models, Biological ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    In vitro reconstitution of an abscisic acid signalling pathway (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-11-20
    Description: The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates the expression of many genes in plants; it has critical functions in stress resistance and in growth and development. Several proteins have been reported to function as ABA receptors, and many more are known to be involved in ABA signalling. However, the identities of ABA receptors remain controversial and the mechanism of signalling from perception to downstream gene expression is unclear. Here we show that by combining the recently identified ABA receptor PYR1 with the type 2C protein phosphatase (PP2C) ABI1, the serine/threonine protein kinase SnRK2.6/OST1 and the transcription factor ABF2/AREB1, we can reconstitute ABA-triggered phosphorylation of the transcription factor in vitro. Introduction of these four components into plant protoplasts results in ABA-responsive gene expression. Protoplast and test-tube reconstitution assays were used to test the function of various members of the receptor, protein phosphatase and kinase families. Our results suggest that the default state of the SnRK2 kinases is an autophosphorylated, active state and that the SnRK2 kinases are kept inactive by the PP2Cs through physical interaction and dephosphorylation. We found that in the presence of ABA, the PYR/PYL (pyrabactin resistance 1/PYR1-like) receptor proteins can disrupt the interaction between the SnRK2s and PP2Cs, thus preventing the PP2C-mediated dephosphorylation of the SnRK2s and resulting in the activation of the SnRK2 kinases. Our results reveal new insights into ABA signalling mechanisms and define a minimal set of core components of a complete major ABA signalling pathway.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2803041/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2803041/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fujii, Hiroaki -- Chinnusamy, Viswanathan -- Rodrigues, Americo -- Rubio, Silvia -- Antoni, Regina -- Park, Sang-Youl -- Cutler, Sean R -- Sheen, Jen -- Rodriguez, Pedro L -- Zhu, Jian-Kang -- R01 GM059138/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM059138-12/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Dec 3;462(7273):660-4. doi: 10.1038/nature08599. Epub 2009 Nov 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19924127" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abscisic Acid/*physiology ; Arabidopsis/enzymology/*physiology ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Phosphorylation ; Protoplasts/physiology ; *Signal Transduction ; Stress, Physiological/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Role of the Arabidopsis glucose sensor HXK1 in nutrient, light, and hormonal signaling (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-04-12
    Description: Glucose modulates many vital processes in photosynthetic plants. Analyses of Arabidopsis glucose insensitive2 (gin2) mutants define the physiological functions of a specific hexokinase (HXK1) in the plant glucose-signaling network. HXK1 coordinates intrinsic signals with extrinsic light intensity. HXK1 mutants lacking catalytic activity still support various signaling functions in gene expression, cell proliferation, root and inflorescence growth, and leaf expansion and senescence, thus demonstrating the uncoupling of glucose signaling from glucose metabolism. The gin2 mutants are also insensitive to auxin and hypersensitive to cytokinin. Plants use HXK as a glucose sensor to interrelate nutrient, light, and hormone signaling networks for controlling growth and development in response to the changing environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, Brandon -- Zhou, Li -- Rolland, Filip -- Hall, Qi -- Cheng, Wan-Hsing -- Liu, Yan-Xia -- Hwang, Ildoo -- Jones, Tamara -- Sheen, Jen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Apr 11;300(5617):332-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12690200" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids, Cyclic/pharmacology ; Arabidopsis/*enzymology/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Catalysis ; Cell Division ; Cytokinins/metabolism/pharmacology ; Ethylenes/metabolism ; Flowers/growth & development ; Gene Expression ; Genes, Plant ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Hexokinase/genetics/*metabolism ; Indoleacetic Acids/metabolism/pharmacology ; *Light ; Mutagenesis ; Phosphorylation ; Plant Leaves/growth & development/metabolism ; Plant Roots/growth & development ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; *Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Stem-cell-triggered immunity through CLV3p-FLS2 signalling (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-19
    Description: Stem cells in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) of plants are the self-renewable reservoir for leaf, stem and flower organogenesis. In nature, disease-free plants can be regenerated from SAM despite infections elsewhere, which underlies a horticultural practice for decades. However, the molecular basis of the SAM immunity remains unclear. Here we show that the CLAVATA3 peptide (CLV3p), expressed and secreted from stem cells and functioning as a key regulator of stem-cell homeostasis in the SAM of Arabidopsis, can trigger immune signalling and pathogen resistance via the flagellin receptor kinase FLS2 (refs 5, 6). CLV3p-FLS2 signalling acts independently from the stem-cell signalling pathway mediated through CLV1 and CLV2 receptors, and is uncoupled from FLS2-mediated growth suppression. Endogenous CLV3p perception in the SAM by a pattern recognition receptor for bacterial flagellin, FLS2, breaks the previously defined self and non-self discrimination in innate immunity. The dual perception of CLV3p illustrates co-evolution of plant peptide and receptor kinase signalling for both development and immunity. The enhanced immunity in SAM or germ lines may represent a common strategy towards immortal fate in plants and animals.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3098311/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3098311/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, Horim -- Chah, Ok-Kyong -- Sheen, Jen -- R01 GM060493/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM060493-10/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM060493-11/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070567/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070567-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070567-06/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070567-07/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 May 19;473(7347):376-9. doi: 10.1038/nature09958. Epub 2011 Apr 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21499263" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/cytology/growth & development/*immunology/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/*metabolism ; Flagellin/chemistry/immunology ; Homeostasis ; *Immunity, Innate ; Meristem/cytology/immunology ; Plant Shoots/cytology/immunology ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Stem Cells/cytology/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 5
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    Glucose-TOR signalling reprograms the transcriptome and activates meristems (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2013-04-02
    Description: Meristems encompass stem/progenitor cells that sustain postembryonic growth of all plant organs. How meristems are activated and sustained by nutrient signalling remains enigmatic in photosynthetic plants. Combining chemical manipulations and chemical genetics at the photoautotrophic transition checkpoint, we reveal that shoot photosynthesis-derived glucose drives target-of-rapamycin (TOR) signalling relays through glycolysis and mitochondrial bioenergetics to control root meristem activation, which is decoupled from direct glucose sensing, growth-hormone signalling and stem-cell maintenance. Surprisingly, glucose-TOR signalling dictates transcriptional reprogramming of remarkable gene sets involved in central and secondary metabolism, cell cycle, transcription, signalling, transport and protein folding. Systems, cellular and genetic analyses uncover TOR phosphorylation of E2Fa transcription factor for an unconventional activation of S-phase genes, and glucose-signalling defects in e2fa root meristems. Our findings establish pivotal roles of glucose-TOR signalling in unprecedented transcriptional networks wiring central metabolism and biosynthesis for energy and biomass production, and integrating localized stem/progenitor-cell proliferation through inter-organ nutrient coordination to control developmental transition and growth.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4140196/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4140196/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xiong, Yan -- McCormack, Matthew -- Li, Lei -- Hall, Qi -- Xiang, Chengbin -- Sheen, Jen -- R01 GM060493/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM070567/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2013 Apr 11;496(7444):181-6. doi: 10.1038/nature12030. Epub 2013 Mar 31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology and Centre for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. xiong@molbio.mgh.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23542588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/*genetics/growth & development/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/*metabolism ; Cytokinins/metabolism ; E2F Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Gene Regulatory Networks/genetics ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Indoleacetic Acids/metabolism ; Meristem/genetics/growth & development/*metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Photosynthesis ; S Phase/genetics ; *Signal Transduction ; Transcription, Genetic/genetics ; Transcriptional Activation ; *Transcriptome/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Ca2+-dependent protein kinases and stress signal transduction in plants (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-12-13
    Description: Stress responses in plants involve changes in the transcription of specific genes. The constitutively active mutants of two related Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CDPK1 and CDPK1a) activate a stress-inducible promoter, bypassing stress signals. Six other plant protein kinases, including two distinct CDPKs, fail to mimic this stress signaling. The activation is abolished by a CDPK1 mutation in the kinase domain and diminished by a constitutively active protein phosphatase 2C that is capable of blocking responses to the stress hormone abscisic acid. A variety of functions are mediated by different CDPKs. CDPK1 and CDPK1a may be positive regulators controlling stress signal transduction in plants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sheen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Dec 13;274(5294):1900-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. sheen@frodo.mgh.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8943201" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abscisic Acid/pharmacology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabidopsis/enzymology/genetics ; *Arabidopsis Proteins ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA, Complementary/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Reporter ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Luminescent Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism ; Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/*genetics ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Phosphatase 2 ; Protoplasts/metabolism ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; *Signal Transduction ; Transfection ; Zea mays/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Advances in cytokinin signaling (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-10-06
    Description: Cytokinins are essential plant hormones that control various processes in plants' development and response to external stimuli. The Arabidopsis cytokinin signal transduction pathway involves hybrid histidine protein kinase sensors, phosphotransfer proteins, and regulators as transcription activators and repressors in a phosphorelay system. Each step is executed by components encoded by multigene families. Recent findings have revealed new functions, new feedback loops, and connections to other signaling pathways.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Muller, Bruno -- Sheen, Jen -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Oct 5;318(5847):68-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17916725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/cytology/genetics/growth & development/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cytokinins/*metabolism ; Feedback, Physiological ; Genes, Plant ; Models, Biological ; Multigene Family ; Plant Leaves/cytology/metabolism ; Plant Roots/growth & development/metabolism ; Plant Shoots/growth & development ; Protein Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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