ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Terrestrial water fluxes dominated by transpiration (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-05
    Description: Renewable fresh water over continents has input from precipitation and losses to the atmosphere through evaporation and transpiration. Global-scale estimates of transpiration from climate models are poorly constrained owing to large uncertainties in stomatal conductance and the lack of catchment-scale measurements required for model calibration, resulting in a range of predictions spanning 20 to 65 per cent of total terrestrial evapotranspiration (14,000 to 41,000 km(3) per year) (refs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5). Here we use the distinct isotope effects of transpiration and evaporation to show that transpiration is by far the largest water flux from Earth's continents, representing 80 to 90 per cent of terrestrial evapotranspiration. On the basis of our analysis of a global data set of large lakes and rivers, we conclude that transpiration recycles 62,000 +/- 8,000 km(3) of water per year to the atmosphere, using half of all solar energy absorbed by land surfaces in the process. We also calculate CO2 uptake by terrestrial vegetation by connecting transpiration losses to carbon assimilation using water-use efficiency ratios of plants, and show the global gross primary productivity to be 129 +/- 32 gigatonnes of carbon per year, which agrees, within the uncertainty, with previous estimates. The dominance of transpiration water fluxes in continental evapotranspiration suggests that, from the point of view of water resource forecasting, climate model development should prioritize improvements in simulations of biological fluxes rather than physical (evaporation) fluxes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jasechko, Scott -- Sharp, Zachary D -- Gibson, John J -- Birks, S Jean -- Yi, Yi -- Fawcett, Peter J -- England -- Nature. 2013 Apr 18;496(7445):347-50. doi: 10.1038/nature11983. Epub 2013 Apr 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA. jasechko@unm.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23552893" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere/chemistry ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis/metabolism ; Ecosystem ; Fresh Water/*analysis/chemistry ; Lakes ; Oceans and Seas ; Photosynthesis ; Plant Transpiration/*physiology ; Plants/*metabolism ; Rain ; Rivers ; Uncertainty ; Volatilization ; *Water Movements
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The chlorine isotope composition of the moon and implications for an anhydrous mantle (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-08-07
    Description: Arguably, the most striking geochemical distinction between Earth and the Moon has been the virtual lack of water (hydrogen) in the latter. This conclusion was recently challenged on the basis of geochemical data from lunar materials that suggest that the Moon's water content might be far higher than previously believed. We measured the chlorine isotope composition of Apollo basalts and glasses and found that the range of isotopic values [from -1 to +24 per mil (per thousand) versus standard mean ocean chloride] is 25 times the range for Earth. The huge isotopic spread is explained by volatilization of metal halides during basalt eruption--a process that could only occur if the Moon had hydrogen concentrations lower than those of Earth by a factor of approximately 10(4) to 10(5), implying that the lunar interior is essentially anhydrous.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sharp, Z D -- Shearer, C K -- McKeegan, K D -- Barnes, J D -- Wang, Y Q -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Aug 27;329(5995):1050-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1192606. Epub 2010 Aug 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87122, USA. zsharp@unm.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20688980" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chlorides/analysis ; Chlorine/*analysis ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Glass/chemistry ; Hydrogen/*analysis ; Isotopes/analysis ; Metals ; *Moon ; Silicates/chemistry ; Volatilization ; *Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Unique meteorite from early Amazonian Mars: water-rich basaltic breccia Northwest Africa 7034 (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-05
    Description: We report data on the martian meteorite Northwest Africa (NWA) 7034, which shares some petrologic and geochemical characteristics with known martian meteorites of the SNC (i.e., shergottite, nakhlite, and chassignite) group, but also has some unique characteristics that would exclude it from that group. NWA 7034 is a geochemically enriched crustal rock compositionally similar to basalts and average martian crust measured by recent Rover and Orbiter missions. It formed 2.089 +/- 0.081 billion years ago, during the early Amazonian epoch in Mars' geologic history. NWA 7034 has an order of magnitude more indigenous water than most SNC meteorites, with up to 6000 parts per million extraterrestrial H(2)O released during stepped heating. It also has bulk oxygen isotope values of Delta(17)O = 0.58 +/- 0.05 per mil and a heat-released water oxygen isotope average value of Delta(17)O = 0.330 +/- 0.011 per mil, suggesting the existence of multiple oxygen reservoirs on Mars.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Agee, Carl B -- Wilson, Nicole V -- McCubbin, Francis M -- Ziegler, Karen -- Polyak, Victor J -- Sharp, Zachary D -- Asmerom, Yemane -- Nunn, Morgan H -- Shaheen, Robina -- Thiemens, Mark H -- Steele, Andrew -- Fogel, Marilyn L -- Bowden, Roxane -- Glamoclija, Mihaela -- Zhang, Zhisheng -- Elardo, Stephen M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Feb 15;339(6121):780-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1228858. Epub 2013 Jan 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Meteoritics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. agee@unm.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23287721" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carbon/analysis ; Crystallization ; Iron/analysis ; Manganese/analysis ; *Mars ; *Meteoroids ; North America ; Oxygen Isotopes/analysis ; Radiometric Dating ; Water/analysis/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...