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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2006-01-21
    Description: Surface conditions on Mars are currently cold and dry, with water ice unstable on the surface except near the poles. However, geologically recent glacierlike landforms have been identified in the tropics and the midlatitudes of Mars. The ice has been proposed to originate from either a subsurface reservoir or the atmosphere. We present high-resolution climate simulations performed with a model designed to simulate the present-day Mars water cycle but assuming a 45 degrees obliquity as experienced by Mars a few million years ago. The model predicts ice accumulation in regions where glacier landforms are observed, on the western flanks of the great volcanoes and in the eastern Hellas region. This agreement points to an atmospheric origin for the ice and reveals how precipitation could have formed glaciers on Mars.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Forget, F -- Haberle, R M -- Montmessin, F -- Levrard, B -- Head, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jan 20;311(5759):368-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Universite Paris 6 Boite Postale 99, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France. forget@lmd.jussieu.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16424337" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; Climate ; Computer Simulation ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Ice ; *Mars ; *Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The Martian potential for supporting life is considered in this discussion of scientific exploration objectives related to exobiology, climatology, and geology. Two significant areas of research are identified - the habitability of Mars and the general relationship between planetary parameters and life - and an exploration strategy is developed. Four phases of human exploration are determined including: (1) precursor missions for evaluating the Martian environment; (2) emplacement missions for studying specific landing sites; (3) consolidation missions for the development of permanent exploratory-mission bases; and (4) a final utilization phase in which global Martian exploration is conducted. The logistical considerations related to each phase are discussed with specific references to types of vehicles and technology required.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 12; 4, 19
    Format: text
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