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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The determination of bone density by radiation absorption (1974)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 15 (1974), S. 189-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Densitometry ; X-ray ; Radiation ; Specific gravity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract X-ray and γ-radiation techniques for evaluating bone density under field conditions in cattle and sheep were investigated. The best results were obtained from measurements of the density of radiographs of tibial tarsal bones of sheep and from the absorption of γ-radiation of the tibial tarsal bones of sheep and the fibular tarsal bones of cattle. The γ-radiation techniques may be carried out rapidly under field conditions (up to 30 animals an hour) and bone density can be estimated with a standard error of 0.042–0.046 SG units.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02059056
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproducibility of specific gravity estimations on bone samples from different sites of cattle and sheep (1974)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 15 (1974), S. 181-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Biopsy ; Bone ; Calcium ; Phosphorus ; Specific gravity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The specific gravities (SG) of bone samples taken from various parts of the skeleton of cattle and sheep were determined gravimetrically in an effort to establish which sites give the most reproducible and uniform results, so that between animals, or sequential within animals, comparisons may be made with maximum sensitivity. Samples obtained from the mandible of sheep and the rib of cattle and sheep were found to be too variable to be useful for most purposes. Best results were obtained using whole bones which are easily prepared, such as the tibial tarsal bones of cattle and sheep and the fibular tarsal bone of cattle. These bones gave within animal deviations of 0.012–0.024 SG units, when comparing left bone with right bone. Slightly higher values were obtained for coccygeal vertebrae from cattle and distal metacarpal condyles from sheep. SG was related to ash, calcium and phosphorus contents of coccygeal vertebrae of cattle and it is considered that, for survey work on the mineral status of the bones of cattle and sheep, the correlations are sufficiently high to make their determination unnecessary. This will enable radiation determined SG techniques to be applied to this type of work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02059055
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frequency-dependent reflection from mechanical discontinuities (1987)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 25 (1987), S. 102-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Dispersion ; Mechanical mismatch ; Pressure pulse ; Reflection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02442831
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reflection from elastic discontinuities (1983)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 21 (1983), S. 697-701 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Elasticity ; Pressure pulse ; Propagation ; Reflection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Elastic mismatching is studied by an impulse technique. Elastic mismatches are created by joining two latex rubber tubes of the same internal diameter but different wall thickness. A short duration pressure impulse is generated at the entrance of the water-filled tube system and the transmission characteristics of the impulse are determined from a series of measurements along the tube system using a catheter-tip pressure manometer. This technique enables the magnitude and phase change of the reflection at the elastic discontinuity to be obtained. A number of tube combinations are examined and in all cases a good agreement is shown between the measured reflection coefficient and the value calculated theoretically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02464032
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of viscosity in frequency-dependent reflection from discontinuities in liquid-filled tubes (1988)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 26 (1988), S. 483-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Dispersion ; Fluid viscosity ; Pressure pulse ; Reflection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The paper investigates the effect of fluid viscosity on wave reflection at sites of geometric and/or mechanical discontinuity in a system of liquid-filled tubes, when the transmission of pressure pulses along these tubes is governed by a linear medium wavelength (LMW) theory. This theory is capable of describing the propagation of pressure impulses that contain frequencies in the range 0–500 Hz. We derive formulae for the reflection coefficients at a junction between two dissimilar tubes and examine the influence of fluid viscosity on these coefficients. Over much of the frequency spectrum under consideration, viscosity changes the reflection coefficients very little. The influence of viscosity is significant, however, at frequencies below 1 Hz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02441915
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  • 6
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    Creation of a bacterial cell controlled by a chemically synthesized genome (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-05-22
    Description: We report the design, synthesis, and assembly of the 1.08-mega-base pair Mycoplasma mycoides JCVI-syn1.0 genome starting from digitized genome sequence information and its transplantation into a M. capricolum recipient cell to create new M. mycoides cells that are controlled only by the synthetic chromosome. The only DNA in the cells is the designed synthetic DNA sequence, including "watermark" sequences and other designed gene deletions and polymorphisms, and mutations acquired during the building process. The new cells have expected phenotypic properties and are capable of continuous self-replication.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibson, Daniel G -- Glass, John I -- Lartigue, Carole -- Noskov, Vladimir N -- Chuang, Ray-Yuan -- Algire, Mikkel A -- Benders, Gwynedd A -- Montague, Michael G -- Ma, Li -- Moodie, Monzia M -- Merryman, Chuck -- Vashee, Sanjay -- Krishnakumar, Radha -- Assad-Garcia, Nacyra -- Andrews-Pfannkoch, Cynthia -- Denisova, Evgeniya A -- Young, Lei -- Qi, Zhi-Qing -- Segall-Shapiro, Thomas H -- Calvey, Christopher H -- Parmar, Prashanth P -- Hutchison, Clyde A 3rd -- Smith, Hamilton O -- Venter, J Craig -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jul 2;329(5987):52-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1190719. Epub 2010 May 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The J. Craig Venter Institute, 9704 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20488990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacterial Proteins/analysis ; Base Sequence ; *Bioengineering ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Bacterial/chemical synthesis/genetics ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Gene Deletion ; Genes, Bacterial ; *Genetic Engineering ; *Genome, Bacterial ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mycoplasma capricolum/*genetics ; Mycoplasma mycoides/*genetics/growth & development/physiology/ultrastructure ; Phenotype ; Plasmids ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Transformation, Bacterial
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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