Publication Date:
2011-01-29
Description:
Imprinted genes, defined by their preferential expression of a single parental allele, represent a subset of the mammalian genome and often have key roles in embryonic development, but also postnatal functions including energy homeostasis and behaviour. When the two parental alleles are unequally represented within a social group (when there is sex bias in dispersal and/or variance in reproductive success), imprinted genes may evolve to modulate social behaviour, although so far no such instance is known. Predominantly expressed from the maternal allele during embryogenesis, Grb10 encodes an intracellular adaptor protein that can interact with several receptor tyrosine kinases and downstream signalling molecules. Here we demonstrate that within the brain Grb10 is expressed from the paternal allele from fetal life into adulthood and that ablation of this expression engenders increased social dominance specifically among other aspects of social behaviour, a finding supported by the observed increase in allogrooming by paternal Grb10-deficient animals. Grb10 is, therefore, the first example of an imprinted gene that regulates social behaviour. It is also currently alone in exhibiting imprinted expression from each of the parental alleles in a tissue-specific manner, as loss of the peripherally expressed maternal allele leads to significant fetal and placental overgrowth. Thus Grb10 is, so far, a unique imprinted gene, able to influence distinct physiological processes, fetal growth and adult behaviour, owing to actions of the two parental alleles in different tissues.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3031026/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3031026/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garfield, Alastair S -- Cowley, Michael -- Smith, Florentia M -- Moorwood, Kim -- Stewart-Cox, Joanne E -- Gilroy, Kerry -- Baker, Sian -- Xia, Jing -- Dalley, Jeffrey W -- Hurst, Laurence D -- Wilkinson, Lawrence S -- Isles, Anthony R -- Ward, Andrew -- 093875/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0300415/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0300415(66812)/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G11786/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jan 27;469(7331):534-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09651.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology & Biochemistry and Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21270893" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
*Alleles
;
Animals
;
Behavior, Animal/*physiology
;
Central Nervous System/embryology
;
Female
;
GRB10 Adaptor Protein/*genetics/*metabolism
;
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
;
Genomic Imprinting/*genetics
;
Male
;
Mice
;
Mice, Inbred C57BL
;
Mice, Knockout
;
Mutation
;
Social Dominance
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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