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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 21 (1982), S. 399-410 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using the variational principle, equations have been obtained for density matrix of molecules with the external perturbation of the common type present. The perturbed wave function was taken as a superposition of the ground and single-excited configurations made of the Hartree-Fock molecular spin orbitals. On the basis of these equations a series of variants of static perturbation theory have been worked out for the ground and excited states of closed-shell molecules.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This study investigated the effect produced by the preparation procedure of a 2-component lanthanide catalytic system and by the nature of organoaluminium compound on 1) the molecular characteristics of 1,4-cis-polybutadiene (PB), 2) the regularities of its average molecular weight (MW), and 3) molecular weight distribution (MWD). The kinetic parameters of the polymerization process were calculated. The principal regularities of variations in PB molecular characteristics with respect to the polymerization conditions, i.e., OAC and monomer concentrations and temperature, are retained with different procedures of the lanthanide catalytic system, and those present distinctive features of the catalytic complexes studied in this article. But as for differences in MW and its patterns of dependence on monomer conversion rate and OAC nature, these are due to changes in kinetic parameters of the polymerization, which occur with the use of the catalyst prepared by a different procedure. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 2419-2421 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymerization ; dienes ; catalyst ; lanthanides ; mechanism ; microstructures ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The polymerization of butadiene with the catalytic system NdCl3 · 3TBP-(1C4H9)2AlH (TBP-tributyl phosphate) was studied. With regard to the anti-syn-isomerization of both free- and monomer-complexed active centers, the kinetic scheme of the propagation reaction was shown to afford adequate descriptions of the experimental dependence of the polymer microstructure on the monomer concentration. Following the results of the quantum-chemical calculations, it was assumed that the free molecules (1C4H9)2AlH coordinated competitively with the monomer molecules on the active centers in solution, which finally led to lower reactivity of the active centers. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 446-449 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: urea sensor ; plasma reaction ; poly(propylene) membrane ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Urease was immobilized on the plasma-aminated surface of a hyfrophobic poly(propylene) (PP) membrane. This membrane, with urease matrix on one side while maintaining its original hydrophobic property on the other, was used to construct the urea sensor. The new urea sensors had response sensitivities ranged from 19 mV/decade to 30 mV/decade depending on the conditions of the plasma reaction. The enzyme electrode using single membrane gave a shorter response time as compared to the corresponding conventional electrode employing two seperate PP membranes. The sensitivity of the enzyme electrode increased with increasing buffer pH and reached a maximal level (40 mV/decade) at pH 7.6. The response sensitivity of the electrode was not affected by the change of buffer strength. Deamination of the plasma-modified hydrophobic PP membrane did not occur in aqueous environment judging from the stability of the urea electrode up to 12 days of operation. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons. Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 33 (1994), S. 359-365 
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: gelatin ; polyelectrolyte ; diffusion ; interferometry ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Concentration relations for mutual diffusion coefficients Dm(C) in water of polyelectrolyte gelatin macromolecules at different temperatures were studied by optical interferometry. It is shown that Dm(C) values are in agreement with scaling predictions and are similar to those observed for solutions of neutral macromolecules under θ-conditions. However, they are greatly influenced by the square-law term C2, having a correlation to the conventional scaling law Dm ∝ C, and the mobility of solution components is influenced by physical gelation processes under certain thermodynamic conditions. It is demonstrated that the temperature relation of the diffusion coefficient at infinite dilution D0(C → 0) for the three gelating samples with various physico-chemical properties can be described by a universal function.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The lipid composition of a highly purified preparation of rat skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum was studied. These membranes contain per mg of protein 0.50 ± 0.02 μmoles of phosphatidylcholine, 0.13 ± 0.02 μmoles of phosphatidylethanolamine and 0.07 ± 0.02 μmoles ofphosphatidylinositol. These three components account for 97.3% of total lipid phosphorus. Unlike other mammalian membranes so far studied, this preparation contains neither sphingomyelin nor phosphatidylserine. Neural lipids were also measured and it is concluded that neither cholesterol nor other neutral lipids are components of the membranes studied. The results of this study indicate therefore that the lipid profile of sarcotubular membranes is relatively simple compared with most other membranes.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: BRÖNSTED-Säure-Metallsulfat- und BRÖNSTED-Säure-LEWIS-Säure-Komplexe sind geeignete Initiatoren zur Isobutenoligomerisation aus C4-Kohlenwasserstoffgemischen. Die Selektivität der Umsetzung hängt vom Säuregehalt der Komplexe, von der LEWIS-Säure und von der Oligomerisationstemperatur ab. Durch steigende Anteile an Butadien im C4-Schnitt wird die Oligomerisation verlangsamt und schließlich inhibiert.
    Notes: BRÖNSTED acid-metal sulfate and BRÖNSTED acid-LEWIS acid complexes are useful initiators for the oligomerization of isobutene out of C4-hydrocarbon mixtures. The selectivity of conversion depends on the BRÖNSTED acid content of the complexes, the LEWIS acid and the temperature of oligomerization. The oligomerization is retarded and finally inhibited by increasing amounts of butadiene in the C4-mixture.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 21 (1983), S. 2697-2711 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1,4-cis-polymerizations of 1,3-dienes of TiCl4-AIR3 catalyst systems for isoprene and on TiI2Cl2-AIR3 caltalyst systems for butadiene have been investigated. AIR3 denotes herein an organoaluminum compound (OAC) containing hydrocarbon radicals, linear of different lengths or cyclic, both saturated and unsaturated, as well as those containing O, N, or Si atoms. Neither the OAC radical structure nor the Al/Ti ratios in the range investigated have been found to influence the stereospecificities and reactivities (chain propagation constant) of the active centers. Differing activities of the catalyst systems have been established to result from the variations in the concentrations of the active centers involving 〈1-5% of all the Ti species. The nature of the OAC radical does not change the mode of the molecular weight distribution in the polymers obtained. An increase in the molecular weight (MW) of the polydienes produced with the use of higher-MW trialkylaluminums was provoked by an increase in the macromolecules propagation period owing to the lower constant of chain transfer to the higher-MW OAC.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Copolymerisation von Mono- und Dicyclopropylbutadienen mit Dienen in Gegenwart von katalytischen Titanund Vanadinsystemen vom Ziegler-Natta-Typ wurde untersucht. Gefunden wurde ein Zusammenhang zwischen der Struktur der Cyclopropyl enthaltenden Monomere und ihrer Reaktivität bei der Copolymerisation mit Butadien und Isopren. Es wird angenommen, daß die erhöhte Reaktivität bei der untersuchten Monomere, im Vergleich zu Butadien und Alkylbutadienen, durch eine Konjugation der Cyclopropylgruppe mit π-Elektronen des Diensystems verursacht ist.
    Notes: The copolymerization of mono- and di-cyclopropylbutadienes with dienes in the presence of titanium and vanadium catalyst systems of Ziegler-Natta type has been investigated. A relationship between cyclopropyl-containing structures of the monomers and their reactivities was found to exist in the copolymerization of butadiene and isoprene. As compared with butadiene and alkylbutadienes an increased reactivity of the monomers investigated is supposed to result from the conjugation of cyclopropyl groups with π-electrons in the diene system.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: LEWIS-Sären definierter Aktivität, z. B. Organoaluminiumhalogenide in Verbindung mit protogenen Substanzen, sind geeignete Initiatoren zur Isobutenpolymerisation aus einer B/B-Fraktion. Die Selektivität der Isobutenumwandlung wird im wesentlichen bestimmt durch die Aktivität des verwendeten Initiatorsystems. Abnehmende Säurestärke und verringerte Elektrophilie des wachsenden Kettendes durch Wechselwirkung mit Donatoren bzw. erhöhte Nucleophilie des Gegenions verbessern die Selektivität.
    Notes: LEWIS acids of defined activity, i.e. organo-aluminium halides in connection with protogenic substances, are suitable initiators for isobutene polymerization out of a B/B-fraction. The selectivity of isobutene conversion is chiefly determined by the activity of the initiator system used. Increase of selectivity can be reached both by decreasing acid strength and reducing electrophilicity of the growing chain end by interaction with donors and increased nucleophilicity of the counter ion.
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