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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interactions and partitioning of low molecular weight polyethylene glycols and diethyl phthalate in ethylcellulose/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose blends (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 34 (1987), S. 2507-2516 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The interactions and partitioning of diethyl phthalate and low molecular weight polyethylene-glycols in blends of ethylcellulose/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose have been studied. Both plasticizers were shown to diffuse in both phases according to the overall volume composition. The plasticizers interacted preferentially with one polymer component of the blend as predicted from studies of the individual polymers. Diethyl phthalate, a preferential plasticizer for ethylcellulose, demonstrated increased partitioning in the ethylcellulose-rich phase only at 80/20 w/w ethylcellulose/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose compositions. Polyethylene glycols, PEG200 and PEG400, preferential plasticizers for hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, showed increased partitioning in the hydroxypropyl-methycellulose-rich phase also in blends containing 80% w/w ethylcellulose. The general effect of the mechanism and kinetics of the phase separation of the blend on the plasticizer partitioning has also been discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070340714
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agglomeration during precipitation: I. Tracer crystals for Al(OH)3 precipitation (1995)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 41 (1995), S. 518-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Tracer crystals are developed to study the agglomeration, growth and residence time behavior of gibbsite crystals, an industrially important polymorph of Al(OH)3, in continuous and batch precipitation. Satisfactory tracer crystals contain detectable amounts of Zn and have the crystal structure of gibbsite. The tracer crystals behave in the same manner during precipitation as the nontracer Al(OH)3 crystals. The application of the tracer crystals for investigating, both batch and continuous, seeded Al(OH)3 precipitation is demonstrated. The tracer experiments provide information on the growth and agglomeration kinetics of different size fractions. The tracers are a useful tool for the quantitative investigation of solid-phase residence time distributions within a crystallizer.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690410310
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graphical solution of the material balance constraint for MSMPR crystallizers (1987)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 33 (1987), S. 686-689 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690330419
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth rate dispersion in MSMPR crystallizers (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 90-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A model is presented which relates the crystal size distribution (CSD) from a mixed-suspension, mixed-product-removal (MSMPR) crystallizer to the distribution of growth rates. This model is based on the assumption that individual contact nuclei have some inherent growth rate which remains constant, but the growth rate may vary from crystal to crystal. The crystal size distribution can be calculated from prior knowledge of the growth rate distribution. Even a limited knowledge of only the coefficient of variation and the mean growth rate permits an approximation of the expected crystal size distribution. Conversely, estimates of the mean and variance of the growth rate distribution can be determined from the moments of the CSD from an MSMPR crystallizer.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690310110
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The restoration of articular surfaces overlying replamineform porous biomaterialsPresented in part at the Sixth International Biomaterials Symposium, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, April, 1974. (1977)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 11 (1977), S. 165-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Replamineform porous implants (4 mm × 4 mm diameter) were placed into full-thickness cartilage and bone defects of the weight-bearing surface of the lateral femoral condyles of adult male white rabbits. These were analyzed at 1 day, 1 week, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months for (1) ingrowth of tissue within the implants and (2) restoration of the articular surface overlying them. Appropriate unfilled, but similar, control defects were also studied.Mineralized bone was seen within the substance of both the TiO2 and hydroxyapatite implants at 1 week; this extremely rapid response was present in every specimen studied and was not seen with αAl2O3 or control animals. With the passage of time, maturation of this bone ingrowth occurred so that by 3 months, they were all incorportated into the surrounding bone.Only the hydroxyapatite implants showed consistent regenerative healing of hyaline articular cartilage from the margins of the defects with the passage of time; this occurred whenever the subchondral bone adjacent to the defect proliferated in a “creeping” fashion over the articular aspect of the implant, and the undamaged cartilage then followed it. Fibrocartilage, and not hyaline cartilage, formed the articular surface over the TiO2 and αAl2O3 implants and in the controls.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820110203
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letters to the editor (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 695-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350427
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel hollow-fiber reactor with reversible immobilization of lactase (1988)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 34 (1988), S. 293-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental and theoretical studies on a backflush hollow-fiber enzymatic reactor (HFER) were conducted in this work for a lactose/lactase system. An A. niger lactase was chosen, from the four lactases tested, for reversible immobilization in the sponge layers of the fibers. An enzyme loading procedure was developed that allowed reliable and reproducible operation of the hollow-fiber reactor and produced industrially significant conversions without apparent change in the activity or stability of the lactase used. This reversible immobilization scheme also permitted easy replacement of the enzyme used. The performance of the backflush HFER was investigated and a large number of data concerning its operation were obtained and interpreted. Momentum and mass transports in such a HFER were analyzed, and mathematical models that took the experimental findings into consideration were also developed and solved analytically and/or numerically. Predictions from the computer model developed in this work were found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental data collected, suggesting the possibility of a priori design of a process-scale backflush HFER. With minor modifications, the models developed are expected to be applicable to hollow-fiber reactors with a wide selection of immobilized cells, organelles, and other enzymes.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690340213
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The aggregation of random and block copolymers containing acrylonitrile in mixed solvents (1960)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 47 (1960), S. 149-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Large time-dependent changes in solution viscosity and turbidity have been found on adding nonsolvents to solutions of block, random, and homopolymers containing polyacrylonitrile in N,N-dimethylformamide. These changes have been related to the reversible aggregation of polyacrylonitrile molecules in solution. The effects of polymer concentration, molecular weight, structure and composition have been investigated and a possible mechanism of aggregation suggested.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1960.1204714913
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The kinetics of block and graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 34 (1959), S. 271-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The polymerization of a monomer in the presence of a preformed polymer with suitable structural features gives rise to block or graft copolymers, which, in favorable circumstances, may be isolated as well-characterized materials. For preparing block copolymers a primary polymer with amine endgroups can be used as a macromolecular transfer agent. Graft copolymers may be prepared by using a primary polymer with terminal double bonds which copolymerize with the second monomer. We have studied the kinetics of block and graft copolymerization based on these methods with particular references to the systems in which the second monomer is acrylonitrile. All transfer agents reduce the rate of heterogeneous polymerization of acrylonitrile since the reduction in molecular weight leads to a diminution in the mean degree of occlusion of the propagating radicals and a consequent increase in the effective termination coefficient. We have found the effect of macromolecular transfer agents on the rate to be greater than that of simple amines. This behavior is attributed to the fact that the radicals produced by transfer are attached to primary polymer chains which are present in solution; as propagation proceeds the growing radicals remain in solution until a comparatively late stage in their growth on account of the solubilizing action of the primary polymer chains. The termination coefficient for these radicals is therefore relatively high and the rate of polymerization correspondingly low. The solubilization of polymer radicals in graft polymerization is less marked than in block copolymerization; this is shown to be consistant with the mechanism of solubilization suggested.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1959.1203412722
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monofunctional reactants in interfacial polycondensation (1962)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 54 (1962), S. 143-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde gefunden, daß eine Zugabe von monofunktionellen Säurechloriden bei der Grenzflächenpolymerisation von bifunktionellen organischen Säurechloriden mit Diaminen einen kleineren Einfluß auf den Polymerisationsgrad ausübt, als die Theorie vorhersagt.Es zeigte sich, daß dieses Ergebnis auf Molekülverzweigung zurückzuführen ist.
    Notes: The addition of monofunctional acid chlorides in the interfacial polycondensation of bifunctional organic acid chlorides and diamines is less effective in reducing the degree of polymerization than expected from the theory. This result is attributed to branching.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1962.020540112
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