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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 1388-1394 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: chromatography ; cation exchanger ; immunoglobulin ; egg yolk ; separation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An automated liquid chromatography system was developed to carry out the separation of an egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) using cation exchange media. Industrially separated egg yolk was diluted 10 times with distilled water, the pH adjusted to 5.5, and the water-soluble protein fraction separated from lipoproteins by sedimentation. The supernatant was filtered and then applied to a column packed with a cation exchanger within an automated liquid chromatography system. Different operating conditions were investigated using phosphate buffer in order to assess the effect on recovery and purity. Fractions as pure as 80% could be collected and a recovery of the chromatography step of about 65% was obtained for a purity of 60% using either a linear or step gradient. The overall recovery for the process was 34% if one-step dilution/extraction is used for lipoprotein separation by sedimentation, and 51% if two-step dillution/extraction is used. Further improvement of the yield to about 60% is possible using centrifugation for lipoprotein separation. The automated system confers many advantages, the key elements being the time savings and accurate control of the process. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 39 (1996), S. 3497-3517 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: object-orientation ; FEM object model ; FEM knowledge base ; agents ; generative relationships ; semantic network ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element method (FEM) system is complex in nature and still faces bottleneck problems in its maintenance, extension, etc., and it is yet necessary to be dealt with using some new methodologies. An object-orientation is a promising paradigm for treating complexities. In this paper, first an object-oriented FEM knowledge base system architecture is proposed. Then, an object model in the FEM domain is established through entity abstractions, action abstractions, category abstractions, agent abstractions, etc. Finally, a semantic network results from a semantic analysis of the FEM object model to represent the generative relationships among the FEM objects. Through an illustrative example, it is shown that a control task of finite element elasto-static analysis can be represented by a traveling path in the semantic network.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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