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  • Articles  (19)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (19)
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  • Articles  (19)
  • 1
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The COLUMBUS program system is a collection of Fortran programs for performing general multireference single- and double-excitation configuration interaction (MRSDCI) wave function optimization based on the graphical unitary group approach. The program system also includes integral generation, SCF and MCSCF orbital optimization, integral transformation, and wave function analysis programs. The original program system was written in 1980 to 1981. Since that time, it has evolved into one of the most popular MRSDCI program systems used in the computational chemistry community. The discussion of this evolution will include the exploitation of efficient matrix-matrix and matrix-vector product computational kernels, the use of generally contracted symmetry-adapted orbital basis sets, general Hamiltonian diagonalization procedures, energy-based internal walk selection, flexible DRT specification, improved coupling-coefficient evaluation methods, coupled-pair functional and multireference CPF capabilities, and density matrix construction. The numerous versions of the program system that are maintained at different sites and on different computers are now in the process of being merged. The source code for this combined version will be made available to the computational chemistry community. The source code for a specific computer may be generated from the source code for another computer by a single pass through a simple filter utility that is included with the program system. The directly supported computers will initially include various models of VAX, Cray, FPS, IBM, CDC, and ETA machines with the addition of other machines shortly thereafter. The ongoing developments of the COLUMBUS system that are discussed include a new method for computing analytic energy gradients for MRSDCI wave functions. This effective-density-matrix based method avoids the “coupled perturbed MCSCF” solutions for each coordinate direction, avoids the transformation of any derivative-integral quantities from the AO to the MO basis, avoids the transformation of the coupling coefficients from the MO to the AO basis, allows a subset of the MCSCF doubly occupied orbitals to be frozen in the CI wave function, and allows the MRSDCI wave function to be generated from general reference CSFs that are not necessarily related to the MCSCF expansion CSFs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 2311-2318 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effects of crosslinking on cotton fabric are changed when the cotton has been chemically modified before crosslinking with an inert substituent, such as the methyl group. The main action of the inert substituent is to preserve swelling ability by hindering fiber deswelling after methylation and during crosslinking. At the levels of modification used, the crosslinking reaction appears to proceed normally, with no effects from reduction in the number of reactive cellulosic hydroxyl groups.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 19 (1996), S. 403-408 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Cryogenic trapping ; Capillary ; Focusing ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cryogenic trapping of solutes leads to narrowing of the chromatographic band. By placing the trap at the end of a capillary column, it is possible to study the effectiveness of the trap in terms of producing a sharpened elution profile. The trap may be heated by supplementary heating, but here convective heating from the GC oven is employed simply by turning off the cryogenic coolant. It is estimated that it takes about 50 s for the trap to heat up sufficiently to allow trapped solute to be remobilized, although this depends upon the oven temperature and thermal mass of the trap. It can also be shown that the more volatile solutes mobilize faster from the trap in this particular mode of operation. The recovery of trapped components shows that there is essentially quantitative trapping, and the solutes are trapped just at the leading edge of the trap.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 21 (1998), S. 620-622 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Multidimensional gas chromatography ; comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography ; kerosene analysis ; cryogenic modulation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 22 (1999), S. 235-238 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Cryogenic modulation ; LMCS ; GC×GC ; multidimensional GC ; comprehensive gas chromatography ; petroleum analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: No abstract
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 19 (1996), S. 622-626 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Multidimensional capillary chromatography ; Polychlorinated biphenyls ; PCBs ; Congener ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Multidimensional chromatography was used to resolve the specific chlorobiphenyl (CB) congeners 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180 in technical aroclor standards. Single column analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) results in co-elution of key congeners with other components in the mixture; therefore using two columns of different selectivity was necessary to enhance the resolution achievable on just one column. The HT8 column (8% phenylpolycarborane-siloxane phase) has been reported to have specific selectivity characteristics for improved PCB separation. When coupled with a BPX5 column (5% phenylpolysiloxane-silphenylene phase), it has been shown here to provide unambiguous identification of 7 marker compounds which are used to monitor PCB occurrence and distribution. All seven marker CBs are present in aroclor 1254, and by adjusting the size of the heartcut window, it was possible to obtain resolution of the marker congeners from other congeners. Single column analysis is unable to achieve this result. This offers an alternative to GC-MS analysis.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 23 (2000), S. 253-258 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Comprehensive gas chromatography ; cryogenic modulation ; semi-volatile aromatics ; thermal sweeper ; peak widths ; peak asymmetries ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The two current technologies for achieving comprehensive gas chromatography (GC×GC) - the thermal sweeper and the cryogenic modulator - are compared in an interlaboratory study using a multicomponent semi-volatile aromatic compound sample. The same column set (phases, film thickness, dimensions of columns) and conditions of oven temperature program were used. Carrier gas flow settings however were different for the data reported here. The thermal sweeper has a longer overall length due to the extra ca. 30 cm length of narrow bore tubing used for the modulator/accumulator section. Data reveal that the two methods behave in an analogous manner in respect of delivering GC×GC results, with key peak parameters of peak widths and symmetry measures showing good correlation. Retention time dissimilarity on the first dimension columns in the two systems arises from different flow rates used, however the second column retention is similar, and this is due to the resulting different elution temperatures that peaks elute on the first dimension in each system. Overall, the two approaches to GC×GC appear to produce equivalent results within the scope of the application studied. Each system does have its experimental limitations; the thermal sweeper has what may be called a ‘thick film effect’, where at high temperature it can be difficult to sufficiently trap the migrating bands in the accumulator column, and the pulsing of solutes in the cryogenic system may suffer from a ‘thick wall effect’ if a column with too thick a wall dimension is used at low oven temperature.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 9 (1986), S. 281-284 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography, HPLC ; Time-switched detectors ; UV detection ; Fluorimetric detection ; Vitamin A ; Vitamin E ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An HPLC method utilizing a UV and a fluorimetric detector linked in series is described. By use of a simple integrator-controlled time-switched relay, analysis of serum vitamin A and E is accomplished on the same chromatogram and at optimum sensitivity for each detector. A single internal standard (retinyl acetate) monitored only by the UV detector permits measurement of both vitamins over a wide linear range. Precision of the assays is satisfactory, both on a within-day and on a day-to-day basis. Recoveries of both vitamins are virtually 100% whilst sensitivity is 2 μg/L (retinol) and 0.05 mg/L (α-tocopherol).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 9 (1995), S. 921-923 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method is described for the rapid analysis of mixtures of porphyrin methyl esters using laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LDI-TOF MS). Ions corresponding to [M+H]+ for each component have been observed without the need for added matrix. LDI-TOF MS has been applied to the analysis and characterization of porphyrin methyl esters derived from urine samples of patients suffering from various porphyrias. This technique has been shown to provide ‘fingerprint’ profiles of the porphyrins present in each urine sample, characteristic of the porphyria, which compare favourably with those obtained with the established method of high-performance liquid chromatography. LDI-TOF MS is a rapid and reliable method for the screening of urine from patients suffering from porphyria.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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