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  • Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology  (3)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (2)
  • Molecular Cell Biology  (1)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (6)
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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (6)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The natural occurrence of insulin receptors in groups on adipocyte plasma membranes as demonstrated with monomeric ferritin-insulinPresented in part at the 36th Annual Meeting of the American Diabetes Association, San Francisco, California. June, 1976 and at the American Society for Clinical Investigation, Washington, D.C., May, 1977. (1977)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 45-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: adipocyte ; insulin receptor ; ferritin-insulin ; ferritin-con A ; plasma membrane ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: This study was designed to document whether the reported distribution of insulin receptors in small groups of receptor sites randomly distributed in the glycocalyx of adipocytes and isolated adipocyte plasma membranes was a naturally occurring phenomena or due to artifacts. Possible artifacts include: (1) oligomeric forms of ferritin in the ferritin-insulin preparation, (2) an uneven distribution of the glycocalyx on the plasma membrane, or (3) ligand-induced aggregation of occupied receptor complexes. Biogel A 1.5m chromatography of the ferritin-insulin conjugate revealed the ferritin in the ferritin-insulin complex to consist of 55% monomers, 15% dimers, and 30% oligomers. The monomer peak was purified (〉 95%) for use in these studies. Cationic ferritin, a glycocalyx marker, when incubated with paraformaldehyde-fixed plasma membranes, was found to be uniformly distributed on the surface of the plasma membrane indicative of uniformly distributed glycocalyx. The ability to demonstrate and inhibit ligand-induced aggregation on the isolated plasma membrane was established with a multivalent ligand, ferritin-concanavalin A. More than 66% of the ferritin-concanavalin A receptors were found in large clusters of 5 or more and 34% as singletons or clusters of up to 4 when incubated at 24°C with fresh membranes. Only 38% of the ferritin-concanavalin A receptors were in large clusters; 62% were singletons or clusters up to 4 on membranes prefixed with paraformaldehyde before incubation. The distribution of the monomeric ferritin-insulin was similar on both adipocytes and purified adipocyte plasma membranes and was consistent with earlier reports with ferritin-insulin. The quantitative distribution of the monomeric ferritin-insulin as singletons or in groups of 2-6 was comparable between the intact cells and isolated membranes incubated at 24°C. The binding of 500 μUnits monomeric ferritin-insulin per ml to the isolated plasma membranes was studied under incubation conditions similar to those used with ferritin-concanavalin A. Under all three conditions, fresh membranes at 24°C and 0-4°C and prefixed membranes at 24°C, the pattern of distribution of the monomeric ferritin-insulin as singletons or groups of 2-6 was identical, indicating that the ligand was not causing aggregation into clusters as did the concanavalin A. Thus, the occurrence of insulin receptors in small groups appears to be a natural phenomenon in the plasma membrane structure of adipocytes.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400060104
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exposure to 60 Hz magnetic fields in the electric utility work environment (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 15 (1994), S. 21-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: ELF ; EMF ; exposure assessment ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Research that has attempted to examine the relationship between work exposures to magnetic fields and health effects has suffered from limited exposure information. Power-frequency electric and magnetic (EM) field exposures vary substantially between industries, occupations, and individuals. In this study magnetic field data were collected for a variety of occupational categories within an electric utility. The sampling procedures emphasized craft occupations that were presumed to have higher exposures to magnetic fields. The objectives were to provide better exposure information for an ongoing cancer mortality study, examine the relationship between different summary measures of magnetic field exposure, and make available descriptive information useful for exposure reduction and worker education. Principal components analysis (PCA) and Varimax rotation were used to explore the relationships between the different summary measures among all utility workers and among the subset of electrical craft occupations. Discriminant analysis was used to assess summary measures of exposure that differentiated occupational groups. Measurements for 770 days generated a total of 42378 hours of magnetic field data. Eleven summary indices of exposure were calculated for specific occupational groups. These include arithmetic mean, geometric mean, median, 95th and 99th percentiles, and fraction of measurements exceeding .5, 1, 5, 10, and 100 μT. Electrical craft occupations had higher work exposures than non-craft occupations. Electricians and substation operators had the highest exposures among craft occupations.We identified subsets of summary measures that were intercorrelated. The first PCA axis included the geometric mean, median, and the fractions exceeding 0.5 and 1.0 μT. This set of measures also were best at discriminating occupational groups. The relevance of these findings may become more important if consistent associations are found between particular occupations and disease and particular occupations and magnetic field summary measures. Further research is needed to evaluate these exposure assessment findings. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250150107
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioral sensitivity of rats to extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 15 (1994), S. 411-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: operant conditioning ; Pavlovian conditioning ; magnetic field ; detection ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Work in our laboratory has revealed autonomic and/or behavioral sensitivity of mice, rats, and a domestic fowl to extremely-low-frequency (ELF) or nominally static magnetic (B) fields at flux densities between 250 and 1700 μT (rms). To extend our work, an automated exposure and data-acquisition system was used with the technique of conditional suppression to assess behavioral sensitivity to time-varying B fields. Each of five rats was exposed aperiodically to a B field during 3 min warning periods that terminated in a brief electric shock. The difference between rates of lever pressing during B-field warning periods and rates during immediately antecedent, 3 min control periods was analyzed at frequencies of 7, 16, 30, 60, and 65.1 Hz. To produce equivalent induced voltages in the rat at each frequency, graded flux densities were established that ranged from 1900 μT at 7 Hz to 200 μT at 65.1 Hz. Analysis of differences in lever-pressing rates revealed that in a given session of testing the rats would increasingly suppress responding when exposed to a B field, but this trend was independent of frequency. This experiment provides evidence of behavioral sensitivity by a mammal to an ELF magnetic field. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250150505
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lithium as a normal metabolite: Some implications for cyclotron resonance of ions in magnetic fields (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 9 (1988), S. 387-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: H fields ; trace elements ; nutrition ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Cyclotron resonance of ions has been proposed as a mechanism by which weak, extremely-low-frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields can act on biological systems. Critics of a mechanism predicated on resonance of lithium have argued that this element is virtually absent from the internal milieu of mammals and otherwise plays no role in the normal physiological functioning of the organism. Sophisticated techniques of trace-element analysis have recently revealed that lithium is a normal constituent of tissues of assayed mammals, including those of rats and human beings. There is evidence, too, that lithium is an important, biologically-active element. Cyclotron resonance may or may not be a mechanism by which ELF- and static-magnetic fields at low strengths combine to affect the organism, but rejection of this mechanism on the grounds that lithium is absent or is physiologically inadequate is unwarranted. Lithium is normally present and is metabolically active in many tissues, especially those of the of the neuroendocrine system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250090409
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ueber Verbindungen der Fructose (Lävulose) mit den Haloïdsalzen der Erdalkalimetalle, sowie über die Oxydation der Fructose (1900)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 33 (1900), S. 1277-1285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.190003301222
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen über die Polarisation und die Reductionskraft der Sorbose (1900)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 33 (1900), S. 1285-1293 
    Details
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.190003301223
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