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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (51)
  • Crystal Structure  (22)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling  (13)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (86)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese und Kristallstruktur des Nonaselenids [Sr(15-Krone-5)2]Se9 (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 619 (1993), S. 416-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Nonaselenide ; Synthesis ; Crystal Structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Nonaselenide [Sr(15-crown-5)2]Se9The title compound was prepared by the reaction of excess selenium with strontium diselenide in DMF in the presence of 15-crown-5. [Sr(15-crown-5)2]Se9 forms black crystals, which are soluble in DMF. They were characterized by FIR spectroscopy and by an X-ray structure determination.Space group P21/n, Z = 4, 2 381 observed unique reflections, R = 0.073. Lattice dimensions at 19°C: a = 1 228.7, b = 1 893.4, c = 1 575.7 pm, β = 99.15°. The compound consists of [Sr(15-crown-5)2]2+ ions in which the strontium ion is coordinated by the oxygen atoms of the crown ether molecules in a sandwich-like fashion, and of Se92- ions with a chain structure, which has a topolocical resemblance with the bicyclic ion Se102-.
    Notes: Die Titelverbindung entsteht durch Einwirkung von überschüssigem Selen auf Strontiumdiselenid in Dimethylformamid (DMF) in Gegenwart von 15-Krone-5. [Sr(15-Krone-5)2]Se9 bildet schwarze, in DMF leicht lösliche Kristalle, die durch das FIR-Spektrum und eine röntgenographische Strukturanalyse charakterisiert werden.Raumgruppe P21/n, Z = 4, 2 381 beobachtete unabhängige Reflexe, R = 0,073. Gitterabmessungen bei 19°C: a = 1 228,7; b = 1 893,4; c = 1 575,7 pm, β = 99,15°. Die Verbindung besteht aus [Sr(15-Krone-5)2]2+-Ionen, in denen das Strontiumion sandwichartig von den O-Atomen der beiden Kronenethermoleküle umgeben ist, und kettenförmigen Se92--Ionen, die topologische Verwandtschaft zu dem bicyclischen Se102--Ion aufweisen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19936190229
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sexuelle Fortpflanzung und Gameten-Lockstoffe bei Braunalgen (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biologie in unserer Zeit 4 (1974), S. 97-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 0045-205X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Additional Material: 16 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biuz.19740040402
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro maturation of the potential for movement of carp spermatozoa (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 29 (1991), S. 259-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Sperm motility ; Fish ; Motility ; Sperm ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Carp semen obtained from isolated fish after hormonal stimulation was highly variable in terms of volume of semen, osmotic pressure of the seminal plasma, and sperm capacity to move. Moreover, this last parameter was unstable when the spermatozoa were kept within the seminal plasma, and the present work was designed to investigate and possibly correct this phenomenon. Sperm potential movement was the major parameter studied and was measured by the percentage of motile cells in a final 3,000-fold dilution in a medium of low osmotic pressure in which sperm movement is known to occur (Morisawa and Suzuki, Science 210:1145-1147, 1980). This was completed with occasional measurements of flagellar beat frequencies and demembranation-reactivation of axonemal movement. The results showed that sperm potential movement was preserved upon dilution of the semen into cold 200 mM KCl medium and that semen of initially “poor” quality or spermatozoa that had lost their capacity to move during storage in the semen recovered gradually their potential movement during incubation at 2°C in the same medium. The K+ dependence for both the conservation and the regeneration of sperm capacity to move showed a minimal requirement of 50 mM KCl in media of high osmotic pressure. Na+ ions had similar properties but not divalent cations. The K+ activation was not pH dependent between pH 9.03 and 6.04. Whatever the functional state of live spermatozoa, demembranation-reactivation occurred in ATP-Mg2+. It is concluded that, with dilution of the semen in appropriate conditions, carp spermatozoa retain or acquire potential movement and therefore are a lower vertebrate spermatozoa model available year-round. In addition, obtaining potentially nonmotile sperm and reversion in vitro might be useful to study the control of in vitro maturation.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080290308
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunoelectron microscope localization of snRNP, hnRNP, and ribosomal proteins in mouse spermatogenesis (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 35 (1993), S. 261-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Ultrastructure ; Perichromatin granules ; Interchromatin granules ; Mouse spermatids ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have studied the ultrastructural distribution of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and ribosomal proteins during mouse spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis by means of specific antibodies and immunocytochemistry.All the above components were detectable from primary spermatocytes until the spermatid elongation phase, when the RNA synthetic activity is known to cease. Ribosomal protein (P1/P2 and L7) labeling disappeared as early as during the acrosome phase, and nucleoli were no longer labeled even during the cap phase. The nucleoplasmic structures labeled with the different anti-nucleoplasmic RNP immunoprobes corresponded, until the acrosome phase, to those previously observed as targets of the same antibodies in the nucleoplasm of somatic cell nuclei. Clusters of interchromatin granules of spermatocyte and early spermatid nuclei exhibit some labeling for hnRNP when compared with nuclei of Sertoli cells or previously analyzed liver or tissue culture cells, where these structural constituents usually remain weakly labeled or unlabeled.In spermatids in step 10, another type of nuclear granule, resembling perichromatin granules, but occurring in aggregates, can be observed. These structural constituents were labeled with antibodies recognizing nucleoplasmic snRNP antigens and therefore suggesting a non-nucleolar origin of these granules.Finally, we have observed nucleoplasmic areas of fibrogranular material, occurring only in primary spermatocytes. These components were labeled with anti-ribosomal protein antibodies but did not contain either hnRNPs or snRNPs. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080350308
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative aspects of synapses on Golgi-impregnated neurons (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 23 (1992), S. 334-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Identified neurons ; Quantification ; Rotating/tilting ; Synaptic contacts ; Electron microscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: With the classical Golgi techniques, numerous types of neurons can be distinguished in the cerebral cortex, each with a specific dendritic geometry and pattern of axonal ramifications. In the present review we describe two techniques which allow quantification of synapses on identified neurons: (1) Golgi-rapid impregnation-gold toning-electron microscopy, and (2) Golgi-Kopsch impregnation-gold toning-electron microscopy in combination with staining of the tissue with ethanolic phosphotungstic acid (E-PTA). Both techniques were applied on neurons in the visual cortex of young and adult rabbits. By means of rotating and tilting specimens in the electron microscope, the nondistinctive ultrastructure of obliquely sectioned synapses can be circumvented, leading to precise estimates of asymmetrical vs. symmetrical synapses without complete reconstruction of the neuron. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070230408
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic offspring by transcaryotic implantation of transgenic ovaries into normal mice (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 25 (1990), S. 42-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Ovary transfer ; Mice ; Transgenic offspring ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Female transgenic mice may be unable to reproduce successfully if the product encoded by the transgene results in pathological changes or affects the fertility of the mouse. To approach this problem, we have produced chimaeras by transferring the ovaries of transgenic mice into normal mice of the same strain. Such chimaeras will be an ideal tool for investigating the interactions between transgenic ovaries and normal mice or vice versa. Here we show that, using this method, we were able to get large numbers of transgenic offspring even from founder transgenic female mice that were themselves infertile as a result of the overexpression of growth hormone genes. Although none of the ovary recipients were given immunosuppressant treatment, 60% of the recipients had biologically active ovaries over a mean period of about 100 days.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080250108
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of heterotrimeric G proteins in human sperm tail membranes (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 40 (1995), S. 345-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Signal transduction ; α-subunit ; β-subunit ; Peptide antisera ; Flagellum ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Heterotrimeric G proteins play important roles as signal transducing components in various mammalian sperm functions. We were interested in the distribution of G proteins in human sperm tails. Prior to membrane preparation, spermatozoa were separated from contaminating cells which are frequently present in human ejaculates. Enriched human sperm tail membranes were generated by using hypoosmotic swelling and homogenization procedures. Antisera against synthetic peptides were used to identify G proteins in immunoblots. AS 8, an antiserum directed against an amino acid sequence that is found in most G protein α-subunits, and A 86, which detects all known pertussis toxin-sensitive α-subunits, reacted specifically with a 40-kDa protein. Antisera against individual G protein α-subunits failed to detect any specific antigens in enriched tail membranes AS 36, recognizing the ã2-subunit of G proteins, identified a 35-kDa protein in sperm tail membranes. Antisera against the 36-kDa β1-subunit did not detect any relevant proteins in the membrane fraction. Neither G protein α-subunits nor G protein β-subunits were found in the cytosol. ADP ribosylation of spermatozoal membrane or cytosolic proteins revealed no pertussis toxin-sensitive α-subunits. However, membrane preparations of nonpurified human spermatozoa contained α2 subunits, as shown immunologically and by ADP ribosylation; they most probably derived from somatic cells which are frequently present in human ejaculates. Our results stress the fact that spermatozoa need to be purified before sperm membrane preparation to avoid misinterpretations caused by contaminating cells. Furthermore, we suggest that G proteins in membranes of human sperm tails belong to a novel subtype of G protein α-subunits; the putative β-subunit was identified as a β2-subunit. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080400311
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural and experimental reduction of the avian fibula: Developmental thresholds and evolutionary constraint (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 214 (1992), S. 269-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Fibula reduction is a key feature of avian limb evolution. In a combined comparative and experimental approach the present study analyses the trends of fibula reduction in extant birds and their developmental basis. The study of 55 species of birds reveals four different types of tibiotarsus-to-fibula relationships. Extremely small fibulae are associated with two types of limb modification: (1) elongations of the limb primarily affect the tibiotarsus, increasing its length more than that of the fibula; (2) miniaturizations of the limb reduce both tibiotarsus and fibula length, but are reglarly associated with structural reductions of the distal parts of the fibula. True structrual reductions are distinguished from relative size reductions. The specific features of fibula reduction are analyzed through experimental mesenchyme excisions in chick limb buds. The methodical variation of experimental parameters resolves a long-standing controversy about the effects of mesenchyme reductions on the patterns of skeletal formation. Mesenchyme excisions are shown to have unequal effects on the two zeugopod bones, affecting the fibula to a greater degree than the tibiotarsus. Several of the features seen in birds with advanced fibula reductions are paralleled by the effects of mesenchyme reductions. The consequences of this differential susceptibility of the skeletal blastemata are discussed both in terms of pattern formation in limb development and in terms of its bearing on the patterns of evolutionary limb reduction. It is concluded that thresholds of cell number and blastema size in development constrain the patterns of phenotypic variation in avian limbs. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052140304
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ontogeny of the limb skeleton in Alligator mississippiensis: Developmental invariance and change in the evolution of archosaur limbs (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 203 (1990), S. 151-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Crocodilians and birds are the extant representatives of a monophyletic taxon known as archosaurs. Their limbs are highly derived in terms of reduction in number of skeletal elements in both the carpus and the tarsus. It is necessary to have a detailed description of crocodilian limb ontogeny to address the evolutionary issue dealing with the origin and organization of the avian limb. In this paper, we present an analysis of the early development of the crocodilian limb skeleton. Contrasting with earlier observations, we redefine the number and composition of carpal, tarsal, and phalangeal elements. This ontogenetic information is then used to introduce a revision of the homologies of the skeletal elements in the crocodilian limb. Some invariances are pointed out in the developmental organization of tetrapod limbs and this evidence serves to readdress several issues concerning the evolution of the avian limb. We present further embryological data in support of the hypothesis that digits 2-3-4 are the components of the wing skeleton in birds. In general, our comparative survey indicates that the elements that appear late in ontogeny are the ones lost in phylogeny. By comparing turtle (primitive) limb development with crocodilian and bird development, we propose a hypothesis in which the derived skeletal patterns found in crocodilians and birds have originated by a heterochronic process of paedomorphosis.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052030204
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bovine endothelial cells transformed in vitro by benzo(a)pyrene (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 114 (1983), S. 328-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A cloned strain of bovine vascular endothelial cells with a finite in vitro lifespan was treated with benzo(a)pyrene (BP) after approximately 75% of its lifespan was completed. Untreated cultures of this strain senesced upon serial subcultivation and contained large, nondividing cells. In three out of seven trials, BP treatment produced transformed cells appeared in the cultures concomitant with the senescence of the parent cells. All transformed cell lines examined exhibited indefinite lifespans and altered karyotypes. Two of the lines retained most of the characteristics of normal endothelial cells, except that one became aneuploid and the other polyploid, Neither of these lines formed tumors when inoculated into nude mice. The remaining two lines retained mostly diploid kayotypes, but a high percentage of cells contained Robertsonian translocations. In one line cell volume was markedly reduced. In addition, these lines grew in multilayers, were anchorage independent, and proliferated in medium containing 0.5% serum. When 107 cells of these lines were injected into nude mice, tumors appeared within 1 week and were identified as malignant hemangioendotheliomas of bovine origin.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041140312
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