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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (13)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (13)
  • ASTROPHYSICS
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (26)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 18 (1982), S. 515-538 
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: cell-cell interactions ; neoplastic transformation ; cAMP ; metastasis ; phosphodiesterase inhibitors ; carcinogenesis ; growth control ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: We have demonstrated that confluent monolayers of the mouse fibroblast cell line C3H/10T1/2 (10T1/2) have the ability to cause reversible growth inhibition of cocultured transformed cells. This was first demonstrated for de novo transformed cells and later extended to established cell lines of proven oncogenicity in vivo. This growth inhibition could be increased by growing the 10T1/2 cells to high density in increasing concentrations of serum or by elevating intracellular concentrations of cAMP using inhibitors of phosphodiesterase (PDE). These manipulations, which in cocultures of nontransformed and transformed cells caused complete inhibition of tumor cell growth, had no effect on growth rate or saturation density of either ceil type when cultured alone, demonstrating the cooperative nature of this phenomenon. This cooperation could not be produced by transfer of culture medium, demonstrating the requirement for intimate cell contact. Inhibition of the formation of transformed foci of cells in these mixed cultures was accompanied by a decrease in the incorporation of labeled thymidine into these cultures; the kinetics of this inhibition and recovery suggested a rapidly reversible effect on cell cycle transit times. The potent inhibitor of cAMP PDE, Ro 20-1724 induced dose dependent increases in intracellular cAMP in both nontransformed and in transformed cells. However, at a concentration of 10-4 M Ro 20-1724, which inhibited tumor cell growth in mixed cultures, cAMP was elevated 30-fold in nontransformed versus only 3-fold in transformed cells.The inhibitory effects of PDE inhibitors on tumor growth have been extended to an in vivo model system, utilizing Lewis lung carcinoma cells growing as metastases in the lungs of C57B1 mice. In these mice, inoculated intravenously with a single cell suspension of Lewis lung cells, the formation of lung metastases was dramatically decreased by the twice daily administration of either isobutylmethylxanthine or Ro 20-1724; PDE inhibitors were shown to be active in vitro. The latter compound, which showed highest activity in vitro, was also substantially more potent in vivo as an inhibitor of lung tumor colony formation and doubled the life span of the tumor bearing animals. Cell cycle analysis of lung tumor colonies by the labeled mitosis method showed that both phosphodiesterase inhibitors caused a prolonged G1 phase in the cell cycle but failed to influence other phases. Although detailed analysis of host tissues is not complete, prolonged treatment with these drugs caused no statistically significant weight loss or changes in counts of red or white blood cells indicating a selective growth inhibition of transformed cells at these doses. Studies to determine the mechanism of the cellular communication and the nature of the signal are in progress.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Polyvinylchlorid wurde mit verschiedenen Polymethacrylaten und Polycarbonaten durch Ausfällen gemeinsamer Lösungen gemischt. Die thermische Stabilität der Proben wurde bei 180°C in einer Stickstoffatmosphäre mittels konduktometrischer Messung der abgespaltenen Salzsäure bestimmt. Um den Einfluß der Polymethacrylate auf die Länge der entstandenen Polyensequenzen zu ermitteln, wurden die abgebauten Proben UV-spektroskopisch untersucht.Wie die Experimente zeigen, ist die Estergruppe von dominierendem Einfluß auf die thermische Stabilität von Polyvinylchlorid in diesen Blends. Poly-n-butylmethacrylat stabilisiert dabei Polyvinylchlorid am besten. Die eingesetzten Polycarbonate haben Glastemperaturen, die über der Abbautemperatur liegen; sie vermindern die thermische Stabilität von Polyvinylchlorid.Stabilisierungsversuche mit Dibutylzinn-bis(isooctylthioglykolat) zeigen einen costabilisierenden Effekt der Polymethacrylate und Polycarbonate.
    Notes: Poly(vinyl chloride) was mixed with various poly(methacrylate)s and polycarbonates by combined precipitation from common solutions. The thermal stability of the samples was measured at 180°C under nitrogen, the HCl evolved was detected by conductometry.UV-Vis-spectra of degraded samples were measured to investigate the influence of the poly(methacrylate)s on the lengths of polyenes formed during the degradation of poly(vinyl chloride).The experiments show that the nature of the ester group is the dominating factor for the thermal stability of poly(vinyl chloride) in these blends. Poly(n-butylmethacrylate) exhibits the best stabilization for poly(vinyl chloride) in this series. Polycarbonates with a higher glass transition temperature than the temperature of degradation destabilize poly(vinyl chloride).Stabilization experiments with dibutyltin-bis(isooctylthioglycolate) show a costabilizing effect of the poly(methacrylate)s and polycarbonates.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 9 (1985), S. 211-217 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The preparation of the newly developed dressing material DESHISAN® is briefly described. The most important physical properties, e.g. swelling and sorption behaviour, and the morphological structure of the product are represented. Summarizing the results of clinical tests the high efficiency of the product in wound healing is demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 203 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 23 (1912), S. 61-157 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 52 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In the blastula the region of accelerated cell division is on the ventral side of the egg, nearly opposite the site of the future beginning blastopore. The ventral wall of the blastocoele is thicker than the dorsal. In the very early gastrula a new region of accelerated cell division appears in the vicinity of the dorsal lip of the blastopore.A downward movement of material comprising the marginal zone of micromeres and the portion of the wall of the blastocoele immediately above it occurs during all the later blastula stages and continues until this material is carried below the level of the equator and involved in the process of gastrulation. On the dorsal side of the egg, this movement is more rapid than on the ventral side.In the late blastula stage there are evidences of growth in the region of smaller micromeres. In the very late blastula, a vertical groove appears at the dorsal margin of the floor of the blastocoele; this groove is believed to indicate the operation of factors concerned with gastrulation.In connection with the first nuclear division, evidences of cytoplasmic activity leading to the formation of the first cleavage furrow are described. As the blastomeres become smaller, progressive changes take place in the distribution of their cytoplasm.
    Additional Material: 35 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 36 (1922), S. 357-399 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 33 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 47 (1929), S. 89-133 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: During the telophases each chromosome becomes inclosed in an individual sac or vesicle which, together with its contents, is called a chromosomal vesicle. The vesicular membrane is of cytoplasmic origin, but is formed under the influence of the chromosome and a droplet of karyolymph. A precise numerical correspondence between chromosomes and chromosomal vesicles has not been established, but it is evidence that most, if not all, of the chromosomal vesicles retain their individuality during the resting stage and until after the new chromosomes have been fully formed.The transformation of the telophase chromosome into the reticulum of the resting stage and the manner in which a new chromosome is formed from a portion of this reticulum are described in detail. In the early prophases each developing chromosome is embedded in a sheath or matrix of less deeply basophilic material, which disappears before the middle prophase is reached.The formation of chromosomal vesicles is interpreted as a device for doing more rapidly and effectively, under stress of special circumstances, the work that the nucleus must accomplish during the so-called resting stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 204 (1990), S. 157-169 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We measured the lengths and diameters of four long bones from 118 terrestrial carnivoran species using museum specimens. Though intrafamilial regressions scaled linearly, nearly all intraordinal regressions scaled non-linearly. The observed non-linear scaling of bone dimensions within this order results from a systematic decrease in intrafamilial allometric slope with increasing body size. A change in limb posture (more upright in larger species) to maintain similar peak bone stresses may allow the nearly isometric scaling of skeletal dimensions observed in smaller sized mammals (below about 100 kg). However, strong positive allometry is consistently observed in a number of large terrestrial mammals (the largest Carnivora, the large Bovidae, and the Ceratomorpha). This suggests that the capacity to compensate for size increases through alteration of limb posture is limited in extremely large-sized mammals, such that radical changes in bone shape are required to maintain similar levels of peak bone stress.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Influences of Static and Dynamic Load on the Adhesive Strength of Thermally Sprayed Metal Coatings on SteelsIt were the aims of this work to produce metal-sprayed specimens and workpieces with high resistance to static and dynamic load, to prove these properties by appropriate measurements and to give advices for practical application.For this purpose, two different substrate materials were metal-coated with five materials by use of three spraying techniques. As a result of the investigations, it can be summarized that specimens, which were shot-peened prior to spray-coating reached the same fatigue limit as only shot-peened specimens, independent on the spraying technique applied.
    Notes: Die Ziele der Arbeit bestanden in der Herstellung von metallgespritzten Proben und Bauteilen mit möglichst hoher statischer und dynamischer Beanspruchbarkeit, im Nachweis dieser Eigenschaften durch entsprechende Messungen und in Empfehlungen für den praktischen Einsatz. Zu diesem Zweck wurden zwei Grundwerkstoffe mit fünf Spritzwerkstoffen nach drei Spritzverfahren beschichtet und anschließend untersucht. Aus den Ergebnissen geht hervor, daß kugelgestrahlte und anschließend metallgespritzte Proben unabhängig von Spritzwerkstoff und -verfahren Dauerfestigkeiten erreichen, die denen des jeweiligen kugelgestrahlten ungespritzten Grundwerkstoffs nahekommen.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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