Publication Date:
2017-11-02
Description:
The two most recent eruptions of Volcàn Quizapu (southern Andes, Chile), only 86 years apart, were both triggered by magma recharge and extruded the same volume (about 5 km 3 ) of the same volatile-rich dacitic magma, but showed a remarkable shift from effusive (1846-47) to explosive (1932) behavior. We demonstrate, using a newly developed model, that the presence or absence of an exsolved volatile phase in the reservoir strongly influences its mechanical and thermal response to new inputs of magma. We propose that, prior to the 1846-47 effusive eruption, gas bubbles damped the build-up of excess pressure and allowed recharge of a significant volume of magma before triggering the 1846-1847 eruption. The strong temperature increase that resulted enhanced syn-eruptive outgassing leading to an effusive eruption. In contrast, during the repose period between the 1847 and 1932 eruptions new recharges found a much less compressible host reservoir as the exsolved gas phase was largely removed in response to the prior eruption, yielding rapid pressurization, minor reheating, and comparatively less syneruptive outgassing. The combination of these effects culminated in an explosive eruption.
Electronic ISSN:
1525-2027
Topics:
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Geosciences
,
Physics
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