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  • 11
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    The role of dapoxetine hydrochloride on-demand for the treatment of men with premature ejaculation (2014)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-02
    Description: Premature ejaculation (PE) is the most common male sexual dysfunction. Dapoxetine hydrochloride, belonging to a class of drugs known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or, was the first drug originally approved for the on-demand treatment of men with PE. We aimed to compare the intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT), patient-reported global impression of change (PGIC), and adverse effect (AE) incidence associated with the use of dapoxetine (30 mg and 60 mg) versus placebo, and evaluate the differences in administering 60 mg versus 30 mg as on-demand medical oral therapy for the treatment of PE via a literature review and meta-analysis. Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Cochrane Library) databases. Ultimately, a total of seven RCTs with 8039 patients were included. Our meta-analysis demonstrated that dapoxetine (in the 30 mg and 60 mg subgroup) resulted in significantly higher IELT, PGIC, and AE incidence relative to the placebo, with higher proportions observed for 60 mg versus 30 mg of dapoxetine administration. The most common AEs were mild and tolerable. We conclude that dapoxetine (particularly the 60 mg dosage) may be considered a safe and effective drug for patients with PE. Scientific Reports 4 doi: 10.1038/srep07269
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 12
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    A ‘hidden’ 18O-enriched reservoir in the sub-arc mantle (2014)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-01
    Description: Plate subduction continuously transports crustal materials with high-δ18O values down to the mantle wedge, where mantle peridotites are expected to achieve the high-δ18O features. Elevated δ18O values relative to the upper mantle value have been reported for magmas from some subduction zones. However, peridotites with δ18O values significantly higher than the well-defined upper mantle values have never been observed from modern subduction zones. Here we present in-situ oxygen isotope data of olivine crystals in Sailipu mantle xenoliths from South Tibet, which have been subjected to a long history of Tethyan subduction before the India-Asia collision. Our data identify for the first time a metasomatized mantle that, interpreted as the sub-arc lithospheric mantle, shows anomalously enriched oxygen isotopes (δ18O = +8.03 ± 0.28 ‰). Such a high-δ18O mantle commonly does not contribute significantly to typical island arc basalts. However, partial melting or contamination of such a high-δ18O mantle is feasible to account for the high-δ18O signatures in arc basalts. Scientific Reports 4 doi: 10.1038/srep04232
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 13
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    Synchronous Periadriatic magmatism in the Western and Central Alps in the absence of slab breakoff (2019)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Abstract Periadriatic Alpine magmatism has long been attributed to slab breakoff after Adria–Europe continental collision, but this interpretation is challenged by geophysical data suggesting the existence of a continuous slab. Here, we shed light on this issue based on a comprehensive dataset of zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopic compositions from the main western Periadriatic intrusives (from Traversella to Adamello). Our zircon U–Pb data provide the first evidence of Eocene magmatism in the Western Alps (42–41 Ma in Traversella), and demonstrate that magmatism started synchronously in different segments of the Alpine belt, when subduction was still active. Zircon U–Pb ages define younging trends perpendicular to the strike of the European slab, suggesting a progressive Eocene–Oligocene slab steepening. We propose that slab steepening enhanced the corner flow. This process was more effective near the torn edge of the European slab, and triggered Periadriatic magmatism in the absence of slab breakoff.
    Print ISSN: 0954-4879
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-3121
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Wiley
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  • 14
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    Dynamic Product‐Level Analysis of In‐Use Aluminum Stocks in the United States (2018)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: Summary This study estimates product‐level in‐use stocks of aluminum in the United States for the period 1960–2009 (or longer in some cases) and explores patterns of the historical evolution of in‐use aluminum stocks at both product and sector levels. The principal findings are the following: (1) results estimated by the product‐level methods in this study match reasonably well with those estimated by the sector‐level method for five sectors (except the Machinery and Equipment sector), meaning that the methods verify the robustness and reliability of each other; (2) after early period(s) of increase since aluminum‐containing products were introduced into the market, in‐use aluminum stocks at the product level, based on either absolute, per capita, or per household terms, follow one of four different patterns (Increase, Decrease, Saturation, and Fluctuation), determined by the historical evolution of product stocks and flows and aluminum contents in products; and (3) when aggregated, in‐use aluminum stocks at the product level can be used to compare with and explain the historical evolution of the in‐use aluminum stocks at the sector level that are estimated by the top‐down method, with only a few products dominating or significantly influencing the historical evolution pattern for a whole sector. These results may enable manufacturers, metal suppliers, recyclers, and governments to plan their material‐related policies and actions with increased precision compared to previous top‐down results that are only available at the sector level.
    Print ISSN: 1088-1980
    Electronic ISSN: 1530-9290
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Wiley
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  • 15
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    Recycling Rates of Aluminum in the United States (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-24
    Description: Recycling rates of aluminum are defined in different (sometimes inconsistent) ways and poorly quantified. To address this situation, the definitions and calculation methods of four groups of indicators are specified for the United States: (1) indicators used to measure recycling efficiencies of old aluminum scrap at the end-of-life (EOL) stage, including EOL collection rate (CR), EOL processing rate, EOL recycling rate, and EOL domestic recycling rate; (2) indicators used to compare generation or use of new with old scrap, including new to old scrap ratio, new scrap ratio (NSR), and old scrap ratio; (3) indicators used to compare production or use of primary aluminum with secondary aluminum, including four recycling input rates (RIRs); and (4) indicators used to track the sinks of aluminum metal in the U.S. anthroposphere. I find that the central estimate of EOL CR varies between 38% and 65% in the United States from 1980 to 2009 and shares a relatively similar historical trend with the primary aluminum price. The RIR is shown to be significantly reduced if excluding secondary aluminum produced from new scrap resulting from the relatively high NSR. In 2003, a time when approximately 73% of all of the aluminum produced globally since 1950 was considered to still be “in service,” approximately 68% to 69% of all metallic aluminum that had entered the U.S. anthroposphere since 1900 was still in use: 67% in domestic in-use stock and 1% to 2% exported as scrap. Only 6% to 7% was definitely lost to the environment, although the destination of 25% of the aluminum was unknown. It was either exported as EOL products, was currently hibernating, or was lost during collection.
    Print ISSN: 1088-1980
    Electronic ISSN: 1530-9290
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Wiley
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  • 16
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    Designable ultra-smooth ultra-thin solid-electrolyte interphases of three alkali metal anodes (2018)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-10
    Description: Designable ultra-smooth ultra-thin solid-electrolyte interphases of three alkali metal anodes Designable ultra-smooth ultra-thin solid-electrolyte interphases of three alkali metal anodes, Published online: 09 April 2018; doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03466-8 The dendrite growth of alkali metal anodes leads to charge/discharge cycling instability. Here, the authors show that electrochemical polishing can yield near-perfect anodes of three alkali metals by constructing smooth and thin solid-electrolyte interphase layers.
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 17
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    Dynamic Product-Level Analysis of In-Use Aluminum Stocks in the United States (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-23
    Description: This study estimates product-level in-use stocks of aluminum in the United States for the period 1960–2009 (or longer in some cases) and explores patterns of the historical evolution of in-use aluminum stocks at both product and sector levels. The principal findings are the following: (1) results estimated by the product-level methods in this study match reasonably well with those estimated by the sector-level method for five sectors (except the Machinery and Equipment sector), meaning that the methods verify the robustness and reliability of each other; (2) after early period(s) of increase since aluminum-containing products were introduced into the market, in-use aluminum stocks at the product level, based on either absolute, per capita, or per household terms, follow one of four different patterns (Increase, Decrease, Saturation, and Fluctuation), determined by the historical evolution of product stocks and flows and aluminum contents in products; and (3) when aggregated, in-use aluminum stocks at the product level can be used to compare with and explain the historical evolution of the in-use aluminum stocks at the sector level that are estimated by the top-down method, with only a few products dominating or significantly influencing the historical evolution pattern for a whole sector. These results may enable manufacturers, metal suppliers, recyclers, and governments to plan their material-related policies and actions with increased precision compared to previous top-down results that are only available at the sector level.
    Print ISSN: 1088-1980
    Electronic ISSN: 1530-9290
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Wiley
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  • 18
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    Effects of mTOR/NF-κB signaling pathway and high thoracic epidural anesthesia on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via autophagy in rats (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-06
    Description: We investigated the role of mammalian target of rapamycin/nuclear factor-kappa B (mTOR/NF-κB) signaling pathway in high thoracic epidural anesthesia (HTEA) against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. The rat model of myocardial I/R injury was established. Ninety rats were divided into the normal, sham, I/R, eHTEA, the PDTC and HTEA + PDTC groups. ELISA was applied to detect cardiac function indexes. HE staining was conducted to observe histopathological changes of myocardial tissues, and TTC staining was performed to detect the myocardial infarction size. TUNEL staining was adopted to detect the cell apoptosis rate. The mRNA and protein levels of mTOR, NF-κB, Fasl, Bcl-2 and Bax, and LC3-I, LC3-II, BNIP3 and Atg5 were detected by RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively. The findings indicated that compared with the normal and sham groups, the I/R, PDTC and HTEA groups showed the larger myocardial infarction size and increased cell apoptosis rate, while the results in the HTEA + PDTC group were opposite. Compared with the normal and sham groups, the I/R group showed reduced mRNA and protein levels of Bcl-2, LC3, BNIP3, and Atg5, and elevated mRNA and protein levels of mTOR, p50, p65, Bax and Fasl, while the HTEA + PDTC group revealed the opposite results, and the PDTC and HTEA group revealed the increased mRNA and protein levels of Bcl-2, LC3, BNIP3, Atg5, mTOR, p50, p65, Bax and Fasl. These results prove that the inhibition of mTOR/NF-κB signaling pathway potentiates HTEA against myocardial IR injury by autophagy and apoptosis in rats. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-4652
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 19
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    Vegetation cover - another dominant factor in determining global water resources in forested regions (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-16
    Description: Forested catchments provide critically important water resources. Due to dramatic global forest change over the past decades, the importance of including forest or vegetation change in the assessment of water resources under climate change has been highly recognized by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); however, this importance has not yet been examined quantitatively across the globe. Here, we used four remote sensing-based indices to represent changes in vegetation cover in forest dominated regions, and then applied them to widely-used models: the Fuh model and the Choudhury-Yang model to assess relative contributions of vegetation and climate changes to annual runoff variations from 2000 to 2011 in forested landscape (forest coverage 〉 30%) across the globe. Our simulations show that the global average variation in annual runoff due to change in vegetation cover is 30.7 ± 22.5% with the rest attributed to climate change. Large annual runoff variation in response to vegetation change are found in tropical and boreal forests due to greater forest losses. Our simulations also demonstrate both offsetting and additive effects of vegetation cover and climate in determining water resource change. We conclude that vegetation cover change must be included in any global models for assessing global water resource change under climate change in forest-dominant areas. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 1354-1013
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2486
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Published by Wiley
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  • 20
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    CCL5-deficiency enhances intratumoral infiltration of CD8 + T cells in colorectal cancer (2018)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-11
    Description: CCL5-deficiency enhances intratumoral infiltration of CD8 + T cells in colorectal cancer CCL5-deficiency enhances intratumoral infiltration of CD8〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 T cells in colorectal cancer, Published online: 10 July 2018; doi:10.1038/s41419-018-0796-2 CCL5-deficiency enhances intratumoral infiltration of CD8 + T cells in colorectal cancer
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4889
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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