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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 46 (1984), S. 845-857 
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Experiments on random binary, ternary, etc. (P=2, 3,…, 10) switching nets are reported. Behavioral cycle lengths are examined as functions of output variety,P, input connectance,K, and net size,N. Overall, output variety appears an influential, well-behaved net property. Strong, but well-behaved interactions appear among net variables. In high connectance nets, median cycle length grows approx. asP N/2. Other factors constant, one-connected nets show the shortest cycles, and connectance effects appear to converge asymptotically aroundN. Data for cycle length as a function of net size suggest a concavity not compatible with the Kauffman “square root law” (Kauffman, 1969). Evidence of a positive relationship between cycle length and run-in length is found in two-input nets; weaker evidence is obtained that in higher connectance nets this relationship becomes negative in sign. The “modular complexity” ofP〉2 nets is examined briefly.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 22 (1992), S. 817-820 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Lithium cells with thin film electrodes of poly 3-methylthiophene were discharged at high current densities in electrolytes containing either sulphur dioxide, thionyl chloride, or sulphuryl chloride. Highest capactiy was obtained with thionyl chloride electrolyte for current densities as high as 30 mA cm−2 (up to 600 W cm−3). Cells containing sulphur dioxide electrolyte were rechargeable, but constant current discharge performance was less than in either thionyl chloride or sulphuryl chloride. However, pulse discharge in sulphur dioxide permitted comparable power densities to be achieved, and reproducible results were obtained over many cycles.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 30 (2000), S. 365-370 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: fuel cell stack ; mass transfer ; PEMFC ; strip design fuel cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract An empirical equation was developed to describe the electrode processes (activation, ohmic and mass-transfer) of PEMFC stacks over the entire current range. The potential–current and power–current curves of a strip PEMFC stack were fitted with the empirical equation under a variety of experimental humidity, temperature and stack length conditions. The concept of mass transfer impedance was defined mathematically in the present research. For the strip PEMFC stack, mass transfer impedance was only important at high currents. With decreasing humidity the mass transfer impedance increased considerably. With increasing temperature or stack cell number the mass transfer impedance increased only slightly.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 36 (1980), S. 444-445 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The administration of dexamethasone (DXM, 2.00 mg/kg) 1 h prior to the injection of lethal doses of ethanol was found to offer complete protection against ethanol toxicity at doses up to 5.25 g/kg and partial protection using higher doses. It is suggested that DXM central action might be involved in the protection against ethanol toxicity.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 32 (1976), S. 1612-1613 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was studied in the ovaries of immature rats treated with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMS). LDH activity increased sharply at 36 h after PMS injection in the ovarian tissue as well as in the blood. It was suggested that the increase of LDH activity in the ovary may be related to its increasing ability to secret estrogen.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 33 (1977), S. 400-401 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A single injection of 2.0 mg/kg dexamethasone (DXM) administered at 51 h after pregnant mare serum gonadatropin (PMS) treatment inhibited both ovulation and luteinization. S.c. injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (HGG) caused ovulation ond luteinization in DXM-PMS-treated rats, whereas treatment with ACTH failed to overcome the DXM inhibitory effect. These findings are interpreted to indicate that DXM inhibits ovulation through a mechanism which might involve the central nervous system.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 13 (1970), S. 260-274 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Chez la mouche domestique, la dieldrine est un inducteur efficace de la naphtalène-hydroxylase et de l'heptachlore-epoxydase, augmentant jusqu'à cinq fois l'activité de ces enzymes. L'activation de ces enzymes de détoxification est démontrée aussi in vivo, par une baisse de la sensibilité au carbaryl des insectes traités à la Dieldrine. L'effet inducteur est supprimé par un inhibiteur de la synthèse des protéines, la cyclo-heximide. De même l'incorporation des acides aminés dans les protéines est diminuée chez les mouches traitées à la Dieldrine. Dans des conditions expérimentales équivalentes, le D.D.T. est un inducteur moins efficace. Trois souches de mouches domestiques, toutes les trois résistantes à la Dieldrine, mais dont les oxydases possèdent des niveaux d'activité différents, ont été comparées pour les facteurs suivants: dose de Dieldrine, taux d'apparition de l'effet inducteur, âge, et effet d'un second traitement à la Dieldrine. L'induction se vérifia, dans toutes les souches, à la fois chez les mâles et les femelles, par une augmentation du taux d'époxydation de l'heptachlore. Cependant, la souche possédant à l'origine la plus faible activité oxydasique, la souche «dieldrin-curly wing», a une réponse inférieure à la souche «Isolan» dont les oxydases possèdent la plus forte activité originelle. En comparant les 3 souches pour leur production d'époxyde d'heptachlore, l'induction chez les souches «Isolan» et «Orlando» est respectivement environ 3 et 2 fois celle trouvée dans la souche «dieldrin-curly wing». Il est suggéré que cette différence de réponse à l'agent inducteur, représente des différences dans le nombre des gènes de structure responsables de la synthèse des oxydases dans les 3 souches. Les résultats sont discutés en termes de déterminisme génétique.
    Notes: Abstract Dieldrin is a potent inducer of microsomal naphthalene hydroxylase and heptachlor epoxidase in the housefly, causing up to five-fold increases in the activities of these enzymes. The activation of these detoxifying enzymes is also demonstrated in vivo by a reduction in the susceptibility of the dieldrin-treated insects to carbaryl. The inductive effect is prevented in insects treated with the drug cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis. Dieldrin-treated flies also incorporate more amino acid into protein. Under similar experimental conditions, DDT is a less effective inducer. Three housefly strains, all resistant to dieldrin but with differing levels of microsomal oxidase activity, were compared in terms of dieldrin dose, rate of appearance of the inductive effect, response on aging, and response to a second treatment with dieldrin. All of the strains, both male and female, were induced, as indicated by increased epoxidation of heptachlor. However, the strain with the lowest pretreatment microsomal oxidase activity, dieldrin-curly wing, responded least while the strain with the highest basal microsomal oxidase activity, Isolan, responded most to the dieldrin treatment. Comparing the three strains on the basis of maximum increases in heptachlor epoxide production, induction in the Isolan and Orlando strains was approximately three and two times, respectively, that found in the dieldrin-curly wing strain. It is suggested that this difference in response to the inducing agent represents differences in the number of structural genes for oxidase synthesis in the three strains. The results are discussed in terms of genetic control.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Ectomycorrhiza ; Inoculation ; Field testing ; Laccaria spp ; Thelephora terrestris
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Picea sitchensis and Pseudotsuga menziesii seedlings were grown in containers, inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi, and planted in British forestry sites. Root samples taken during the year after planting were assessed for mycorrhiza formation. Survival and shoot height were assessed at the end of each year. Observations were made each autumn on the occurrence of sporophores of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Pot experiments were used to assess the colonization potential of soils from the experimental locations. Assessment of mycorrhiza formation by the inoculant fungi both before planting and the following year showed much variation among the fungi used. Similar variation was found among field sites. Inoculation with Laccaria isolates was most successful. Height measurements are reported for the first 2 years after planting, at which time there were few significant effects on growth of Picea sitchensis or Pseudotsuga menziesii seedlings. Experimental assessment of colonization potential was of little value in this work for predicting events in the forest.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Ectomycorrhiza ; Inoculation ; Field testing ; Laccaria spp ; Thelephora terrestris
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Picea sitchensis and Pseudotsuga menziesii seedlings were grown in containers, inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi, and planted in British forestry sites. Root samples taken during the year after planting were assessed for mycorrhiza formation. Survival and shoot height were assessed at the end of each year. Observations were made each autumn on the occurrence of sporophores of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Pot experiments were used to assess the colonization potential of soils from the experimental locations. Assessment of mycorrhiza formation by the inoculant fungi both before planting and the following year showed much variation among the fungi used. Similar variation was found among field sites. Inoculation with Laccaria isolates was most successful. Height measurements are reported for the first 2 years after planting, at which time there were few significant effects on growth of Picea sitchensis or Pseudotsuga menziesii seedlings. Experimental assessment of colonization potential was of little value in this work for predicting events in the forest.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 41 (1988), S. 4-11 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
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