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  • 1
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    Neutron activation analysis of the rare earth elements in rocks from the earth's upper mantle and deep crust (1987)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0236-5731
    Electronic ISSN: 1588-2780
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
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    Magmatic and metamorphic evolution of metagabbros in the Münchberg Massif, N.E. Bavaria (1991)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0010-7999
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0967
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
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    Evolution of the upper mantle beneath the southern Baikal rift zone: an Sr-Nd isotope study of xenoliths from the Bartoy volcanoes (1992)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0010-7999
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0967
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
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    Granulite facies lower crustal xenoliths from the Eifel, West Germany: petrological and geochemical aspects (1990)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0010-7999
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0967
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 5
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    Distribution of titanium and the rare earth elements between peridotitic minerals (1992)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0010-7999
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0967
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
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    Rare earth element fractionation in magmatic Ca-rich garnets (2007)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Igneous garnets have the potential to strongly fractionate rare earth elements (REE). Yet informations on partition coefficients are very scant, and criteria for distinguishing between hydrothermal and magmatic garnets are ambiguous. To fill this gap, we present trace element and isotopic data for two types of Ca-rich garnets from phonolites (Mt. Somma- Vesuvius). Both Ca-garnet populations are different in their style and dynamics of fractionation: one population is progressively strongly depleted in HREE from core to rim, reflecting REE fractionation in the host phonolite via earlier-crystallized garnets. Such examples for extreme changes in HREE in garnets are only known for hydrothermal grandites by REE-bearingfluids. The second garnet population is homogeneous and formed in a closed system. Near-flat patterns between Sm and Lu confirm experimental data indicating lower D(Sm)/D(Lu) for Ca-rich garnets than for e.g. pyrope-rich garnets. It follows: DGrt/PhMelt for La = 0.5, Sm = 48 and Yb = 110.
    Description: Published
    Description: 55-74
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Grandite ; Ca-rich garnets ; Andradite ; Rare earth elements ; Fractionation ; Partition coefficient ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.07. Rock geochemistry
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Granulite facies lower crustal xenoliths from the Eifel, West Germany: petrological and geochemical aspects (1990)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 105 (1990), S. 25-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Petrographic, petrological and geochemical data for 16 mafic meta-igneous, granulite facies lower crustal xenoliths from the East Eifel were collected in order to develop a model for the lower crustal history for this region. The xenoliths consist of plagioclase±amphibole±clinopyroxene±garnet±orthopyroxene±scapolite + opaque minerals±apatite±rutile±zircon. Garnet has reacted to a variable extent with plagioclase and clinopyroxene to form a corona of plagioclaseII+ amphibole + orthopyroxeneII. Pyroxenes and plagioclases show complex zoning patterns with regard to Al and Ca which can be interpreted in terms of P, T history. Decreasing temperature and pressure conditions are recorded by decreasing Al in clinopyroxene rims coexisting with increasing anorthite contents in plagioclase rims and the breakdown of garnet. In addition, a young heating event that affected the granulites to different degrees is inferred from the complementary Ca-zoning patterns in clino- and orthopyroxenes. Rare earth element (REE) patterns of whole rocks together with the trends displayed and fractionated liquids. REE analyses of the mineral separates display equilibrium partitioning patterns for amphibole and clinopyroxene, although isotopic data show that amphibole contains externally-derived Sr and Nd components not recognized in other minerals. At least a 4-stage history for the granulites is recorded: (1) intrusion and crystal fractionation of basaltic magmas in the lower crust, probably accompanied by crustal assimilation, (2) granulite facies metamorphism, (3) a decrease in temperature and pressure, and (4) a later heating event. The complicated thermal history is reflected in Sm−Nd mineral isochron ages which range from about 170 Ma down to about 100 Ma and cannot be assigned to distinct geological events. These ages correlate with inferred temperatures; the low ages are measured for xenoliths with the highest temperatures. In some cases the young heating event is likely to be responsible for partial resetting of the mineral isochrons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320964
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of titanium and the rare earth elements between peridotitic minerals (1992)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 110 (1992), S. 321-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The concentrations of titanium and rare earth elements (REE) in olivines, orthopyroxenes, clinopyroxenes and spinels from four anhydrous, spinel-bearing peridotite xenoliths have been determined. The distribution of titanium (used as an analogue for the high field strength elements: HFSE) relative to the REE between clinopyroxenes and orthopyroxenes varies as a function of the whole rock composition and modal mineralogy. The distribution coefficients for titanium and the REE in these peridotites do not reflect mineral-melt equilibria. It is believed that subsolidus distribution coefficients for HFSE relative to REE vary with temperature. Ratios of various incompatible elements (e.g., Ti/Eu, Zr/Sm, Hf/Sm and P/Nd) in peridotite minerals differ from those in most primary basalts. However, the abundance ratios of incompatible elements in the bulk peridotite are comparable to those found in modern basalts. Given this and the differing contribution of melt from each phase during melting, near constant ratios of such incompatible elements in primary and primitive basalts and komatiites reflect the “buffering” of the melt by its residue. These ratios are fixed in the magma during the initial stages of melting because of similar and low distribution coefficients between melt and bulk residue for these element pairs. Differences in the relative abundances of titanium and REE in clinopyroxenes and orthopyroxenes demonstrate that mantle normalized abundance patterns for clinopyroxene are not equivalent to those of the whole rock. Therefore, claims of a widespread HFSE-depleted reservoir in the upper mantle base solely on the relative abundances of incompatible elements in peridotitic clinopyroxenes are invalid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310747
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magmatic and metamorphic evolution of metagabbros in the Münchberg Massif, N.E. Bavaria (1991)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 107 (1991), S. 112-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The central gneiss complex of the Münchberg Massif consists of the Liegendserie at the base and the Hangendserie at the top. Metagabbros are found in the Liegendserie; eclogites occur in the Hangendserie. New isotope data revive the discussion whether a genetic relationship exists between metagabbros and eclogites in the Münchberg Massif. It is possible to relate the two types of rocks to the same protoliths by variable degrees of crustal contamination and magmatic accumulation. Therefore, a common magmatic origin may be assumed. Both the metagabbros and the eclogites were affected by amphibolite-facies metamorphism. The amphibolitization of the metagabbros was a prograde metamorphic event. Increasing temperature is indicated by inverse zonation of recrystallized plagioclase and increasing Mg/Fe ratios in garnet from core to rim. Geothermobarometry yields a temperature of 600°C and a pressure of about 11 kbar for the peak of metamorphism. In contrast, the eclogites underwent a first high-pressure stage at a minimum pressure of 14 kbar and a temperature estimated at 600°C and were subsequently overprinted under amphibolite-facies conditions at 10 kbar/700°C. A common magmatic origin of metagabbros (Liegendserie) and eclogites (Hangendserie) of the Münchberg Massif can no longer be discarded. However, the converging P-T-t paths reflect a different geodynamic evolution of the Liegendserie and the Hangendserie after magmatism and before amphibolite-facies metamorphism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00311189
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of the upper mantle beneath the southern Baikal rift zone: an Sr-Nd isotope study of xenoliths from the Bartoy volcanoes (1992)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 111 (1992), S. 235-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Anhydrous and amphibole-bearing peridotite xenoliths occur in roughly equal quantitites in the Bartoy volcanic field about 100 km south of the southern tip of Lake Baikal in Siberia (Russia). Whole-rock samples and pure mineral separates from nine xenoliths have been analyzed for Sr and Nd isotopes in order to characterize the upper mantle beneath the southern Baikal rift zone. In an Sr-Nd isotope diagram both dry and hydrous xenoliths from Bartoy plot at the junction between the fields of MORB and ocean island basalts. This contrasts with data available on two other localities around Lake Baikal (Tariat and Vitim) where peridotites typically have Sr−Nd isotope compositions indicative of strong long-term depletion in incompatible elements. Our data indicate significant chemical and isotopic heterogeneity in the mantle beneath Bartoy that may be attributed to its position close to an ancient suture zone separating the Siberian Platform from the Mongol-Okhotsk mobile belt and occupied now by the Baikal rift. Two peridotites have clinopyroxenes depleted in light rare earth elements (LREE) with Sr and Nd model ages of about 2 Ga and seem to retain the trace element and isotopic signatures of old depleted lithospheric mantle, while all other xenoliths show different degrees of LREE-enrichment. Amphiboles and clinopyroxenes in the hydrous peridotites are in Sr−Nd isotopic disequilibrium. If this reflects in situ decay of 147Sm and 87Rb rather than heterogeneities produced by recent metasomatic formation of amphiboles then 300–400 Ma have passed since the minerals were last in equilibrium. This age range then indicates an old enrichment episode or repeated events during the Paleozoic in the lithospheric mantle initially depleted maybe ∼2 Ga ago. The Bartoy hydrous and enriched dry peridotites, therefore, are unlikely to represent fragments of a young asthenospheric bulge which, according to seismic reflection studies, reached the Moho at the axis of the Baikal rift zone a few Ma ago. By contrast, hydrous veins in peridotites may be associated with rift formation processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00348954
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