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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Our objective in this study was to determine whether mutations in the gene for the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (HTR2A) cause the autosomal dominant form of severe pediatric gastroesophageal reflux (GER), which we had previously mapped to a 21-cM region at chromosome 13q14. Direct sequencing of the HTR2A gene was carried out on DNA from affected and unaffected members of families with severe pediatric GER displaying genetic linkage to the HTR2A locus. In addition, we performed high-resolution linkage mapping within the GER gene region using additional polymorphic markers closely linked to HTR2A. Several previously reported polymorphisms in the HTR2A gene were identified in three families affected with GER. In addition, we identified a novel polymorphism at nucleotide –1273 in the HTR2A promoter. No mutant allele cosegregated exclusively with the GER phenotype in any family. Linkage analysis using additional polymorphic markers narrowed the region of the GER gene to a 9 cM interval between markers D13S263 and CAGR1, formally excluding HTR2A as a candidate gene. In conclusion, sequence analysis of HTR2A and linkage analysis argue against mutations in HTR2A being a cause of severe pediatric GER.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 25 (1976), S. 663-670 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum ; potato ; coagulable protein ; screening method ; breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary From tubers of 34 varieties of Solanum tuberosum, extracts were prepared and analysed for crude protein and coagulable protein by the Kjeldahl method. Content of coagulable protein was 0.37–1.24%. From the same material, juice was prepared with a juice centrifuge and analysed for coagulable protein by the Kjeldahl and microbiuret method. The average amount of coagulable protein in the juice was 81.8% of the total coagulable protein. The correlation coefficient between coagulable protein in the juice and total coagulable protein was 0.956. The correlation coefficient between Kjeldahl and microbiuret data for coagulable protein in the juice was 0.956. Analysis of tuber juice by the microbiuret method is recommended as a rapid screening technique for coagulable protein. Relationships between protein data of the 34 varieties and earliness, yield and content of dry matter were analysed statistically. Content of coagulable protein in fresh material correlated with content of dry matter (rs=−0.756), yield of fresh potatoes (r=−0.615) and earliness (r=−0.361) but not significantly with yield of dry matter (rs=−0.309). Coagulable protein in dry matter correlated with fresh yield (r=−0.525), but not significantly with content of dry matter (r=−0.260), yield of dry matter (r=−0.131) and earliness (r=−0.054). Path coefficient analysis showed that 67% of the variation in coagulable protein in fresh material was statistically determined by earliness, content of dry matter, fresh yield and content of uncoagulable protein in fresh material, whereas only 34% of the variation in content of coagulable protein in dry matter was determined by these components. A high content of coagulable protein in fresh or dry matter can be combined with early maturity and with high yield of dry matter. Coagulable protein in dry matter seems to be a more suitable criterion of selection than coagulable protein in fresh material.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 14 (1965), S. 225-230 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Samenvatting De bruikbaarheid van stomatalengte als criterium bij het onderscheiden van di- en tetraploïde raaigrasplanten werd onderzocht. Uit de gegevens blijkt, dat met selectie op basis van stomatalengte diploïde en tetraploïde planten met grote zekerheid gescheiden kunnen worden.
    Notes: Abstract The suitability of stomata length as a criterion in the distinction between diploid and tetraploid rye-grass plants was tested. From the data it appears that diploid and tetraploid plants can be separated with a large degree of certainty if the selection is based on the stomata length.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The winter wheat variety Atlas 66 has both the characteristics high protein content in the kernel and tolerance to high soil acidity. In a group of 121 F4 lines, all derived from crosses with Atlas 66, a correlation coefficient of 0.39 was found between the two traits. A comparable group of 49 advanced generation lines, reselected for high protein content behaved similar, with a correlation coefficient of 0.37. The frequency distribution over the different categories of tolerance to soil acidity was tested within F3 and F4 populations of each two crosses between an Atlas 66-derived high-protein selection and a HRWW-variety. Both crosses slightly differed in frequency distribution but there were no differences between F3 and F4 distribution curves of one cross combination. Samples of varieties were tested, each sample having a phenotypically different protein content. The results indicated that protein content per se did not influence the level of tolerance to soil acidity. So it is concluded that although the two characteristics are genetically different they are linked to a certain extent. Individual regression lines were calculated for separate groups of F4 selections derived from one cross combination. Two groups deviated from the majority and general pattern in that they showed a negative correlation between high protein and better tolerance. One of them differed significantly. A hypothesis is suggested to explain these exceptions. It is possible to screen lines for tolerance to high soil acidity in order to select within segregating populations for high protein content in the kernel, provided that positive selection is applied and that one of the parents combines both characteristics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 159 (1988), S. 277-296 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: cascading trophic interaction theory ; biomanipulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Four limnocorrals (8 m dia. by 15 m deep) located at Lake St. George, Ontario, Canada; were used to examine the interactions between planktivorous fish, crustacean zooplankton (notably Daphnia galeata mendotae), and phytoplankton. During the spring, in all of the limnocorrals, high Daphnia biomasses were correlated with increased water transparency and a spring ‘clear-water’ phase. However, as the summer progressed, the relationship between Daphnia biomass and phytoplankton abundance became more complex and less predictable. Investigation of these interactions suggested four conclusions. (1) During late July and throughout August and September, water transparency decreased and algal cell counts increased. In 3 of 4 limnocorrals, deterioration in water quality occurred 3–5 weeks before zooplankton (and Daphnia populations) declined. In all cases decreased transparency was associated with increased concentrations of algal cells (Gloeococcus) that were poor food sources for Daphnia. These results suggested that decreased water transparency was not ‘caused by’ decreases in Daphnia biomass. (2) Taken together, data from all of the limnocorrals showed no correlation between the magnitude of July Daphnia biomasses and the percentage of ‘poor food source’ algae that were observed in August. This suggested that grazer effects were not necessary for the onset of summer ‘poor food source’ algal blooms. (3) In two limnocorrals, there was a positive correlation between increased Daphnia mortality and the onset of ‘poor food source’ blooms. In the other two limnocorrals there was no correlation. In all limnocorrals there was no correlation between decreased Daphnia reproductive capacity and ‘poor food source’ blooms. These data suggested that blooms of ‘poor food source’ algae were not necessary for the collapse of Daphnia populations. (4) In all 4 limnocorrals there was a strong correlation between the time that 0+ yellow perch planktivores reached biomasses of 30–50 kg ha−1 and the collapse of Daphnia populations Species and size selection was also observed. These results suggested that for this set of limnocorral experiments, fish biomasses in the 30–50 kg ha−1 were responsible for the collapse of Daphnia populations in the summer.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 64 (1958), S. 130-141 
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Preliminary investigations on the influence of differences of temperature due to artificial irradiation on the pupation of the codling moth (Enarmonia pomonella L.) have shown that the pupation began earlier in intensively irradiated pieces of the bark (figures 1, 2) than in less intensively irradiated pieces (figures 3, 4). About three weeks after the beginning of the experiment 70 percent of the larvae in the intensively irridiated bark were pupated, against 30 percent in the less intensively irradiated part. A second experiment was set up to study the effect of the temperature on the emerging of the codling moths (figures 5, 6, 7). Some days before the beginning of this experiment the stem with about 200 full-grown larvae was exposed in the laboratory to a temperature of 30°C. After four days no larvae were found, so it was assumed that the pupation was completed. The irradiation experimen showed that the emerging of the moths in the intensively irradiated part of the stem began five days earlier than in the shadowed (not irradiated) part of the stem (fig. 8). In the intensively irradiated part of the stem the 50 percent level was reached 15 days earlier, the end of the flight came in the intensively irradiated part about three weeks earlier than in the shadowed part of the stem. Some data on the emerging of the codling moth drawn from an experiment ofEvenhuis (1951) were used for a “prediction’ of the pupation of the larvae (fig. 9).
    Notes: Samenvatting 1. Een onderzoek naar de invloed van verwarming door kunstmatige bestraling van stukken boomschors op het tijdstip van verpoppen vanEnarmonia pomonella toonde aann, dat op sterk bestraalde schorsdelen de verpopping sneller inzette dan op minder sterk bestraalde gedeelten. Circa drie weken na het begin van de proef waren de larven in het sterkst bestraalde gedeelte reds voor circa 70% verpopt. In het minst sterk bestraalde gedeelte voor 30%. 2. Een onderzoek naar de invloed van de verschillen in temperatuur door bestraling op de duur van het popstadium (waarbij een stamstuk bezet met ongeveer 200 poppen als proefobject diende) liet zien, dat: a. de ‘vlucht’ in het sterkst bestraalde gedeelte circa vijf dagen eerder begon dan in het niet bestraalde gedeelte; b. ten aanzien van het 50% punt het verschil 15 dagen bedroeg; c. ten aanzien van het einde van de vlucht het verschil circa drie weken bedroeg. Deze verschillen geven een basis voor de verklaring voor de in de vrije natuur geconstateerde zeer gerekte vlucht van de fruitmot
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2008-11-17
    Print ISSN: 1420-682X
    Electronic ISSN: 1420-9071
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2001-06-01
    Print ISSN: 1420-682X
    Electronic ISSN: 1420-9071
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1988-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0018-8158
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-5117
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2004-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0340-6717
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1203
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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