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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow behaviour of molten 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) between concentric cylinders (1990)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 29 (1990), S. 462-468 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Flow curve ; coaxial cylinderviscometer ; trinitrotoluene melt ; turbulence ; viscosity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The flow behaviour of pure and commercial molten TNT when subjected to very high rates of shear in a rotational viscometer over the temperature range 82.0 to 95.4°C is presented. All data obtained suggest that the behaviour of molten TNT is Newtonian, contrary to the conclusions of some published work, and the temperature dependence of the viscosity of pure TNT is adequately described by an Arrhenius-type relationship of the formη = A e B/T whereA = 0.000 541,B = 3 570 andT is the Kelvin temperature. A similar relationship is obtained for commercial TNT. Under some instrumental conditions discontinuities are seen in the shear stress—shear rate flow curves. An analysis of these discontinuities shows them to be caused by the transition from laminar to turbulent flow. Possible implications for processibility and initiation of explosives are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01376797
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence of mitotic division of coelomocytes in the normal, wounded and grafted earthwormEisenia foetida (1976)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 32 (1976), S. 449-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the oligochaeteEisenia foetida the free amoebocytes, once released into the coelomic fluid were observed to remain mitotically active following the trauma of receiving a body wall graft or wound.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01920788
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperacute graft rejection inEisenia foetida typica andEisenia foetida unicolor (1975)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 31 (1975), S. 117-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Phänomen der hyperakuten Transplantat-Abstossung (innerhalb von 24 h) wurde bei Invertebraten untersucht. Diese rasche Abstossungsreaktion wird signifikant häufiger bei Allo- oder Xenoals bei Autotransplantationen beobachtet. Dies spricht für das Vorliegen einer Inkompatibilitätsreaktion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01924711
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A point mutation in the N-terminus of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase affects ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate binding (1991)
    Springer
    Planta 184 (1991), S. 35-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Ribulose ; 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase ; Gene mutation (N-terminus) ; Substrate affinity (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mutagenesis in vitro of the gene encoding the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase (EC 4.1.1.39) from Anacystis nidulans was used to generate novel enzymes. Two conserved residues, threonine 4 and lysine 11 in the N-terminus were changed. The substitution of threonine 4 with serine or valine had little effect on the kinetic parameters. The substitution of lysine 11 with leucine, which is non-polar, increased the K m for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate from 82 to 190 μM but its replacement with glutamine, which has polar properties, had no appreciable effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00208233
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutations in loop six of the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase affect substrate specificity (1992)
    Springer
    Planta 187 (1992), S. 109-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase ; Gene mutation ; Specificity factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mutagenesis in vitro of the gene encoding the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase (EC 4.1.1.39) from Anacystis nidulans Synechococcus PCC 6301) was used to generate novel enzymes in Escherichia coli. Residues in C-terminal loop 6 of the β/α barrel structure of the large subunit were changed. Replacement of valine 331 with alanine caused a 90% reduction in V max but did not alter the enzyme's relative specificity towards either of its gaseous substrates, CO2 and O2. However replacement of alanine 340 with glutamate decreased the enzyme's specificity for CO2 but had no significant effect on either the K m for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate or CO2 or on V max. In contrast replacing a small cassette of residues 338-341 produced a small increase in the specificity factor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00201631
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrating global and regional analyses of the effects of climate change: A case study of land use in England and Wales (1996)
    Springer
    Climatic change 32 (1996), S. 185-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1480
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this paper is to exemplify a means by which an integrated assessment can be made of global and regional effects on land use of climate change. This is achieved by use of data on the effects of climate change on world food prices as inputs to a regional land use allocation model. Data on world prices are drawn from a recent global study of climate change and crop yields. In a case study of England and Wales a land allocation model is used to infer changes of land use that are the product of the integrated effect of climate-induced global price changes and climate-related changes of yield in England and Wales. This combination of changed prices and yield potential is used to calculate the land use providing the highest returns for each of 155,235 1 km2 cells of land in England and Wales for a future assumed for the year 2060 (without climate change) and then for that same environment with climate change. The difference between these two is then treated as an estimated effect resulting from climate change.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00143709
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of climatic variations on agricultural risk (1985)
    Springer
    Climatic change 7 (1985), S. 95-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1480
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The thesis of this paper is that impacts from climatic change can be evaluated effectively as changes in the frequency of short-term, anomalous climatic events. These can then be expressed as changes in the level of risk of impact from climatic extremes. To evaluate this approach, the risk of crop failure resulting from low levels of accumulated temperature is assessed for oats farming in southern Scotland. Annual accumulated temperatures are calculated for the 323-year-long temperature record compiled by Manley for Central England. These are bridged across to southern Scotland and, by calculating mean levels of risk for different elevations, an average ‘risk surface’ is constructed. One-in-10 and 1-in-50 frequencies of crop failure are assumed to delineate a high-risk zone, which is mapped for the 323-year period by constructing isopleths of these risk levels. By redrawing the risk isopleths for warm and cool 50-year periods, the geographical shift of the high-risk zone is delineated. The conclusion is that relatively recent and apparently minor climatic variations in the United Kingdom have in fact induced substantial spatial changes in levels of agricultural risk. An advantage of expressing climatic change as a change in agricultural risk is that support programs for agriculture can be retuned to accommodate acceptable frequencies of impact by adjusting support levels to match new risk levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00139443
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purified Ribulose-P2 carboxylase from wheat with high specific activity and with fast activation (1984)
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 5 (1984), S. 47-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: ribulose-P2 ; carboxylase ; wheat ; high specific activity ; fast activation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00018374
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Boron-deficiency dieback in pines (1961)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 14 (1961), S. 393-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary and Conclusions Leaf analyses have indicated that the dieback investigated was due to boron deficiency and this has been proved by field experiments. Incidence of boron deficiency is tentatively related to the weathered condition of the soils on which it occurs and a climatic regime which may be alternately too wet and too dry for optimum availability of soil boron. The best means of correcting the deficiency appears to be the application of a small amount of borax — 15 pounds per acre — to the soil towards the end of the rainy season.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01666296
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An assessment of the effects of climatic change on agriculture (1989)
    Springer
    Climatic change 15 (1989), S. 95-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1480
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper summarizes some of the results and conclusions of an international project funded by IIASA and UNEP on the effects of climatic variations on agriculture. An overall goal of the project was to improve our understanding both of first-order effects of climatic variations on agricultural productivity and of higher-order effects on regional and national economies. Two broad types of experiments are described: (i) impact experiments, which provide estimates of first-order and higher-order effects of climatic variations on farming systems, and which assume that no adjustments are put in place, and (ii) adjustment experiments, which evaluate a number of adjustments available at the farm or government level to offset or mitigate these effects. The results from case studies in cool temperate and cold regions in Saskatchewan (Canada), Iceland, Finland, northern European U.S.S.R. and Japan] are described here. Findings from a parallel set of IIASA/UNEP case studies in semiarid regions, which examine the effects of a different set of climatic scenarios, are reported elsewhere (Parry et al., 1988b).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00138848
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