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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 16 (1986), S. 605-614 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Anodic dissolution of an Fe−5Ni alloy in deoxygenated acidic chloride solutions of 1.0 M ionic strength has been studied. Steady state partial current densities of the iron and nickel components were obtained by atomic absorption spectrophotometry analysis of the solutions. Alloy and component electrodissolution rates show two anodic Tafel regions indicating simultaneous parallel reactions as reported previously for pure iron. Anodic Tafel slopes of 0.075 and 0.04V dec−1 were obtained in the lower (A) and higher (B) polarization regions, respectively. The kinetic results for the alloy are consistent with the Cl− accelerated mechanism in Region (A) and the Bockris or OH− accelerated mechanism in Region (B) for both iron and nickel components as proposed previously for pure iron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 26 (1976), S. 725-740 
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Conclusions Table VIII summarizes the computed binding energy of He4-nucleus which includes the zeroth order contribution and the correction up to the third order for three different potentials. The binding energy does not contain the C.M. energy, which has been calculated up to the second order. The r.m.s. radii corrected for the C.M. motion and for not-point-like nucleons are calculated up to the second order for potential RHEL 1 and up to the first order for Reid and RHEL 2 potentials. The binding energy and r.m.s. radii are computed for two different self-consistent conditions, the first of which is the usual classical condition (2.16), the second reads ΔE (1) = 0. In all cases the absolute value of the binding energy of the He4-nucleus is lower than the experimental value. It has been shown that the perturbation series built up on the Goldstone reaction matrix diverges, when a self-consistent technique is not used. This represents certain danger also for the self-consistent formulation, although it gives plausible results up to the third order. The result obtained seems to indicate that the discrepancy between the experimental and theoretical values for the binding energy may be caused by neglect of some fundamental facts (relativistic effects, many-body forces etc.) in the present many-body theory.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 38 (1992), S. 1005-1015 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: chemisorption ; physisorption ; zeolites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Kalorimetrische Messungen der Adsorptionswärme von CO2 an Zeolithen mit einem unterschiedlichen Gehalt an ein- und zweiwertigen Kationen führen zu allgemeinen Schlußfolgerungen. Für einen hohen Gehalt an Na+, Li+ oder Ca2+ werden hohe Initiierungswärmen (bis zu 120 kJ·mol−1 für NaA) gefunden, die immer in Verbindung mit langsamen und aktivierten Adsorptionsgeschwindigkeiten auftreten. Dies wird einer begrenzten Anzahl an Stellen für die Chemisorption zugeschrieben (0.3 pro -Cage in NaA). Physisorption verursacht niedrigere Wärmen (25–50 kJ·mol−1). Die niedrigsten Werte erhält man mit teilweise oder total entkationisierten Zeolithen. Kationen von Übergangs-metallen verursachen häufig schwächere Wechselwirkungen als IA-oder IIA-Kationen. Je höher die Adsorptionsenergie, um so größer ist die adsorbierte Menge.
    Notes: Abstract Calorimetric measurements of the heat of adsorption of CO2 on zeolites with variable content of mono- and divalent cations lead to common conclusions. High initial heats (up to 120 kJ·mol−1 for NaA), generally associated with a slow and activated rate of adsorption, are found for high contents of Na+, Li+ or Ca2+. They are attributed to a limited number of chemisorption sites (0.3 per α cage in NaA). Physisorption results in lower heats (25–50 kJ·mol−1). The lowest values are obtained with partially or totally decationized zeolites. Transition metal cations induce frequently weaker interactions than IA or IIA. Finally the stronger the energy of adsorption is, the larger the adsorbed amount is.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The nitrogen fixation (nif)-gene group of Klebsiella can be transferred onto Enterobacter cloacae by conjugation, using Escherichia coli donor cells carrying the composite self-transmissible nif-plasmid pRD1. To enforce integration and stabilisation, in the present study a derivative of pRD1, viz plasmid pCE1, containing the Mu transposon was used. pCE1:: Mu cts makes Enterobacter cloacae cells nif +, and sensitive to temperature induction of Mu. Few cells survive treatment at 42°C. Seventy-two isolates thus obtained were screened for location of their nif-genes. At least four were found to contain the nif-genes integrated into the chromosome. This was documented by gel electrophoresis of their DNA, and by Southern hybridisation of their DNA with Klebsiella nif-KDH DNA as radioactive probe. The Mu transposon had also become part of their chromosome.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 77 (1993), S. 277-299 
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Hyperfine electric and magnetic interactions in Y1−z Ca z Ba2Cu3−x Fe x O6+y compounds have been studied for different rates of Fe and Ca substitution (x=0.09 and 0.24;z=0.24;y=0−1) by57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy of powder samples obtained by different thermal treatments. Calculations of the Fe3+ EFG tensor have been performed for different coordination polyhedra in Cu1 and Cu2 sites. Variations of the direction, amplitude and of the sign of the principal component of the EFG are reported versus the iron displacement from the ideal Cu sites inside the pyramidal and tetrahedral coordination polyhedra. Calculated ΔE Q and η values are compared with the experimental ones. For the Cu2 site, faithfully probed in both oxygen-depleted and oxygen-saturated samples by fairly large fraction of residing iron atoms, the mutual orientations of the axes of the principal EFG component and that of easiest magnetization are deduced from interrelations between quadrupole parameters for paramagnetic quadrupolar and magnetic Zeeman Mössbauer spectra. In the desoxygenated samples, the coexistence of a long range 2D antiferromagnetic order and of a spin-glass order has been evidenced. For the oxygen-saturated samples, the two-dimensional spin-glass order is observed belowT f =10 K. The Mössbauer spectra under applied fields at 4.2 K show an easy polarization of the spins in the Cu2 sites.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 255 (1977), S. 1098-1109 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Raman-Spektroskopie wurde zum Studium der Mizellen-Struktur der Systeme Wasser-Natriumoktanat-Pentanol und Wasser-Natriumoktanat-Dekanol angewendet. Die C-H und C-C Streckungsvibrationsregionen sind sowohl für das Studium der aliphatischen Kettenstruktur als auch für die polare/antipolare Umgebung benutzt worden. In den Natriumoktanat-Lösungen scheint eine allmähliche Erhöhung dertrans-Struktur bis zumcmc = kritische Mizellenbildungskonzentration vorzukommen, und danach ist dastrans-gauche Verhältnis fast konstant. Natriumoktanat-Mizellen mit solubilisiertem Pentanol und Dekanol wurden durch Verwendung von perdeuterierten Oktanaten und Wasser untersucht, um eine Überdeckung bei der Mitwirkung jeder Komponenten im Spektrum zu vermeiden. Sowohl Pentanol als auch Dekanol haben den gleichen Effekt bei der Verminderung der Kontakte zwischen Wasser und den Wasserstoff-Kohlenstoff-Ketten. Die Kettenstruktur in den Mizellen wird durch die Zuführung des Pentanols auf die gleiche Weise beeinflußt, als ob der Oktanatgehalt erhÖht wird, wogegen das Dekanol auf der anderen Seite dastrans/gauche Verhältnis der Wasserstoff-Kohlenstoff-Ketten beeinflußt. Die invertierten Mizellen, die aus Wasseraggregaten in lipophiler Umgebung bestehen, wurden ebenfalls untersucht. Den stärksten Einfluß auf die Struktur der Umgebung von den Wasser/Wasserstoff-Kohlenstoff-Ketten beobachtete man, wenn man das Wasser/Seife-Verhältnis veränderte. Sobald der Seifengehalt im PentanolSystem erhöht wird, scheint sich dietrans-Struktur zu erhöhen, dagegen aber erhöht sich der Grad dergauche-Struktur, wenn der Seifengehalt im Dekanol-System steigt.
    Notes: Summary Raman spectroscopy has been used in order to study the micellar structure of the systems water-sodium octanoate-pentanol and water-sodium octanote-decano. The C—H and C—C stretching vibration regions have been utilized in the study of both the hydrocarbon chain conformation and the degree of polar/apolar contact. In sodium octanoate solutions there seems to be a successive increase in thetrans-conformation up tocmc, and then thetrans/gauche ratio is fairly constant. Sodium octanoate micelles with solubilized pentanol and decanol were examined by using perdeuterated octanoate and water in order to avoid overlapping in the contributions from each component in the spectra. Both pentanol and decanol have the same effect in reducing the contracts between water and hydrocarbon chains. The chain conformation in the micelles is influenced by incorporation of pentanol in the same way as if the octanoate concentration is increased, whereas on the other side decanol influences thetrans/gauche ratio of the hydrocarbon chains. The inverted micelles, considered to consist of water aggregates in a lipophilic environment, were also examined. The strongest structural effects with ragard to waterhydrocarbon chain contact were seen when the water/soap ratio varied. When the soap content is increased in the pentanol system thetrans-conformation seems to increase, whereas the degree ofgauche-conformation increases when the soap concentration is increased in the decanol system.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 28 (1978), S. 508-520 
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new model Hamiltonian and a new type of the Goldstone expansion is used for calculation of binding energies, r. m. s. radii and densities of4He,8Be,12C and16O nuclei. The model Hamiltonian suggested depends on few parameters, the Goldstone equation for the reaction matrix can be solved exactly, quickly and without computational difficulties. The results are promising.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 8 (1997), S. 473-483 
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Fracture mechanics tests were performed to characterize the fracture toughness and fatigue crack-growth behaviour of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement, commonly used in joint replacement surgery. Compact tension specimens of various thicknesses were prepared and tested in both air and Ringer’s solution. Contrary to previous reports citing toughness as a single valued parameter, the PMMA was found to exhibit resistance-curve behaviour with a plateau toughness of ∼0.6 MPa m1/2 in air, and ∼2.0 MPa m1/2 in Ringer’s solution. The increased toughness in Ringer’s solution is thought to arise from the plasticizing effect of the environment. Under cyclic loads, the material displayed true mechanical fatigue failure in both environments; fatigue crack-growth rates, da/dN, were measured over the range ∼10-10 to 10-6 m/cycle and found to display a power-law dependence on the stress intensity range, ΔK. The cement was found to be more resistant to fatigue-crack propagation in Ringer’s solution than in air. Wear debris was observed on the fatigue fracture surfaces, particularly those produced in air. These findings and the validity of using a linear-elastic fracture mechanics approach for viscoelastic materials are discussed in the context of providing more reliable and fracture-resistant cemented joints.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 29 (1986), S. 1287-1291 
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The irradiation damage created by the high energy heavy ions of GANIL in two ferrimagnetic oxides (BaFe12O19 and Y3Fe5O12) have been observed by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The Mössbauer spectra confirmed the paramagnetic state of the amorphous phase observed by electron microscopy. In the low energy range (E〈0.9 GeV), a smooth transition to a frustrated magnetic order has been observed by decreasing the temperature down to 4.2K. In the high energy range (E〉0.9 GeV), the contribution of electronic processes could explain the rate of amorphization of Y3Fe5O12.
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2009-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-2461
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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