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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Étude de la polygynie chez la fourmiPlagiolepis pygmaea Latr. (Hym. Formicidae) I. La fécondité des reines en condition expérimentale monogyne (1985)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 32 (1985), S. 335-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Natural societies ofPlagiolepis pygmaea were collected at the end of the winter period. Usually, they were strongly polygynous (17 queens per society in average) All the wingless queens were inseminated and could lay eggs. The weight of these queens is correlated: - negatively with their number in the societies; - positively with the number of nurse workers; - positively with their ovary development. The queens' fecundity has been studied in monogynous condition by counting the number of eggs laid during 5 weeks at the end of the winter period. Several correlations were revealed: - a positive one between the queen's fecundity and their weight; - a positive one between the queen's fecundity and their aggregative power on their workers; - a negative one between the queen's fecundity and their number in their native society.
    Notes: Resume Les sociétés naturelles dePlagiolepis pygmaea récoltées à la fin de l'hivernage sont habituellement fortement polygynes (en moyenne 17 reines par société). Toutes les reines désailées sont inséminées et participent à la ponte. Ces reines présentent certaines particularités en relation avec les caractéristiques démographiques des sociétés; en particulier, leur poids montre une corrélation: - négative avec leur nombre dans la société; - positive avec le nombre d'ouvrières nourrices; - positive avec le développement de leurs ovaires. La fécondité des reines a été étudiée en condition expérimentale monogyne en dénombrant les œufs pondus pendant 5 semaines à la fin de l'hivernage. On met en évidence plusieurs corrélations: - positive entre la fécondité et le poids des reines; - positive entre la fécondité et le pouvoir agrégatif des reines sur leurs ouvrières; - négative entre la fécondité et le degré de polygynie de la société d'origine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02224012
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Étude de la polygynie chez la fourmiPlagiolepis pygmaea Latr. (Hym. Formicidae) II. La fécondité des reines en condition expérimentale polygyne (1985)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 32 (1985), S. 349-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary We have studied the individual fecundity of queens belonging to a polygynous ant species reared in digynous conditions. Two major results appear: - the queen's individual fecundity, quantified during 5 weeks, is lower when queens are reared in digynous conditions than in monogynous conditions. The queens in digynous conditions put on less weight and the fecundity decreases. - when the two queens of an artificial digynous culture have the same physiological characters (equal weight), they lay the same number of eggs. So, inPlagiolepis pygmaea, there is neither functional monogyny nor physiological hierarchy. We could explain the decrease of the individual fecundity of the digynous queens by two hypothesis: the sharing of food between queens and the reciprocal production of queen pheromones. The acuteness of these two hypothesis inPlagiolepi is discussed.
    Notes: Resume Ce travail a pour but d'étudier la fécondité des reines d'une espèce polygyne dans un cas simplifié, celui de la digynie. Deux résultats apparaissent: - la fécondité individuelle des reines établie sur cinq semaines de ponte en condition de digynie est très diminuée par rapport à celle des reines élevées en condition monogyne. Cette baisse de fécondité est liée à une moins bonne prise de poids des reines en situation digyne; - lorsque deux reines en situation de digynie présentent au début de l'expérience des caractères physiologiques voisins (poids égal), elles émettent des quantités comparables d'œufs; il n'y a donc pas de monogynie fonctionnelle chezPlagiolepis pygmaea, ni de hiérarchie physiologique. Deux mécanismes pourraient expliquer la baisse de fécondité individuelle dans le cas de la digynie: le partage de la nourriture entre les reines et l'émission réciproque de substances phéromonales royales tendant à diminuer la ponte de l'autre reine. Leur efficacité dans le cas desPlagiolepis est discutée.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02224013
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some equilibrium finite element methods for two-dimensional elasticity problems (1978)
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 30 (1978), S. 103-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: AMS(MOS): 65N30 ; CR: 5.17
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We consider some equilibrium finite element methods for two-dimensional elasticity problems. The stresses and the displacements are approximated by using piecewise linear functions. We establishL 2-estimates of orderO(h 2) for both stresses and displacements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01403910
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DGGE screening of PKD1 gene reveals novel mutations in a large cohort of 146 unrelated patients (1999)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 105 (1999), S. 231-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most commonly inherited renal diseases. ADPKD is a genetically heterogeneous disorder involving at least three different genes. PKD1, the major locus mapped to chromosome 16p13.3 accounts for approximately 85% of ADPKD cases. The search for mutations is a very important step in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying ADPKD. Despite intense screening by many groups, only a small number of mutations have been described so far. We undertook the first study using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to scan for mutations in the non-duplicated region of the PKD1 gene in a large cohort of 146 French unrelated ADPKD patients. We successfully identified novel mutations: 3 are frameshift mutations, 2 nonsense mutations, 2 missense mutations, 1 is an insertion in the frame of 9 nucleotides, 3 intronic variations and several polymorphisms. One of these mutations is the fourth de novo mutation described in this gene. We also describe a family with possible clinical anticipation. DGGE is an effective method for detecting nucleotide changes in the PKD1 gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004399900122
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel mutation in exon 3 of the CFTR gene (1993)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 91 (1993), S. 233-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have screened the 27 exons of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene in 87 non-ΔF508 chromosomes of Breton origin using the combined techniques of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and direct sequencing. By this process, we have detected a new missense mutation, G91R, which results in an arginine for glycine at codon 91. Three affected patients with a ΔF508/G91R genotype are pancreatic sufficient. Such observations could facilitate a better understanding of the functional importance of different regions of the encoded product and of the pathogenesis of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218262
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retrospective study of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations in Guthrie cards from a large cohort of neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis (1994)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 93 (1994), S. 429-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene encodes a cAMP-activated chloride channel, and in individuals with both alleles of the gene mutated, symptoms of CF disease are manifest. With more than 300 mutations so far described in the gene the profile of mutant alleles in a population is specific to its ethnic origin. For an analysis with an unbiased recruitment of the CF alleles in neonates of similar origin (Normandy, France), we have retrospectively analyzed the Guthrie cards of affected newborns, diagnosed by the immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) assay. Analysis of the 27 exons of the CFTR gene using a GC clamp denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) assay has enabled us to identify over 96% of the mutated alleles. Two of these were novel mutations. We would like to propose this strategy as an efficient method of retrospective molecular genetic diagnosis that can be performed wherever Guthrie cards can be obtained. Knowledge of rare alleles could be a prerequisite for CF therapy in the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00201669
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complete detection of mutations in cystic fibrosis patients of Native American origin (1994)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 94 (1994), S. 629-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An increased incidence of cystic fibrosis (CF) has been reported in some populations of Native Americans of the Southwest such as the Pueblo, which is a genetic isolate. As the most common mutation found in Caucasians (ΔF508) was absent and only one chromosome carried the G542X mutation, we decided to analyze the entire coding sequence of the CFTR gene in eight Pueblo CF patients. We have identified four different mutations: G542X, R1162X, 3849+10kbC→T, and D648V that account for these 16 haplotypes. The R1162X was found on 11 chromosomes. Using intragenic microsatellites, we have compared the haplotypes of those chromosomes to those of Italian origin where the R1162X mutation was initially reported. These haplotypes turned out to be identical, suggesting a common origin and an admixture with Italian or Spanish settlers, followed by typical founder effect. In contrast the 3849+10kbC→T mutation, which was found on three chromosomes, is associated with different haplotypes than those on chromosomes carrying the same mutation in Caucasians. A novel mutation, D648V, observed on one chromosome has not been found outside the Pueblo population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00206956
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis: result of a pilot study using both immunoreactive trypsinogen and cystic fibrosis gene mutation analyses (1995)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 96 (1995), S. 542-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have evaluated a two-tier neonatal cystic fibrosis (CF) screening of immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) followed by CFTR gene mutation analysis using a systematic scanning of exons 7, 10, and 11, and, if necessary, by direct DNA sequencing. Over an 18-month period we screened 32,300 neonates born in the western part of Britanny. The first tier, involving IRT screening at 3 days of age, utilizes a low elevation of the trypsinogen level (600 ng/ml), which is highly sensitive. The second tier, which corresponds to the exhaustive screening for mutations in three exons of the gene, is highly specific for this population (Britanny). The false positive rate is very low, and no false negatives have been reported to date. This strategy has allowed the identification of five novel alleles (V322A, V317A, 1806 del A, R553G, G544S). Moreover the test can be adapted to other countries in which the distribution of mutations is established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197409
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frequency measurements of hyperfine splittings in ground rovibronic states of I by stimulated resonant Raman spectroscopy (1999)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1999), S. 63-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: PACS. 33.15.Pw Fine and hyperfine structure - 33.70.Jg Line and band widths, shapes, and shifts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: Measurements of hyperfine splittings in the ground electronic state of have been performed by stimulated Raman spectroscopy. An argon laser emitting at 514.5 nm, drives the coherence between hyperfine levels of the J”=13 or J”=15 rotational levels of the ground vibronic state, via resonant excitation of the hyperfine transitions of the optical resonances (43-0) P(13) or R(15). We study the influence of the various experimental parameters on the line shape: the beam geometry, the laser modulation spectrum, the laser power, the molecular frequency shifts. We show that only beam aberrations can give rise to a significant asymmetry of the line shape, which contributes to an error in the determination of the resonance frequency. From a theoretical expression of the line shape taking into account the beam geometry, a detailed study of this error is performed. The theoretical predictions and the experimental results are in very good agreement. From the measurements, improved sets of hyperfine interaction constants for the molecule have been calculated for J”=13 and J”=15. These constants are identical for both levels, except for quadrupole coupling constant eqQ which exhibits a J-dependence, which we attribute to the centrifugal distortion of the molecule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500050318
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  • 10
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    Influence of spectral phase on cross-polarized wave generation with short femtosecond pulses (2008)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-09-10
    Print ISSN: 0946-2171
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0649
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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