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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model for synchronous collaborative design using CAD and database management (1997)
    Springer
    Research in engineering design 9 (1997), S. 85-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-6066
    Keywords: CAD ; Collaboration ; Databases ; Design
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Collaborative design is currently supported through the integration of graphical representations with relational databases and the distribution of data and applications across local and wide area networks. Recent developments in computer support for synchronous collaboration have led to the development of multi-user drawing boards and video conferencing software for remote meetings. The extension of CAD for use in a collaborative design session changes the focus of collaborative design from a distribution of data to a shared workspace. Combining CAD with the concept of multi-user software introduces issues of shared visualisation and shared decision making. A model for the integration of CAD and database management in a collaborative design session is presented within a client server architecture, and an implementation of this model using AutoCAD as the shared CAD system is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01596484
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absorption spectra of 2-styryl-4-phenyl-thiazole ethiodides in organic solvents of varying polarities and determination of the formation constant of the charge transfer complex formed (1980)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 111 (1980), S. 1213-1224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Charge transfer complexes ; Solvent effects ; Thermodynamic parameters ; UV-Vis. spectra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Elektronenanregungsspektren einiger substituierter 2-Styryl-4-phenyl-thiazol-ethiodide wurden in einigen Lösungsmitteln unterschiedlicher Polarität untersucht. Die Absorption bei kürzerer Wellenlänge wird einem intramolekularen Charge-Transfer (CT)-Übergang zugeordnet, die langwellige Bande einem intermolekularen CT-Übergang (Jodid—organ. Kation). Die Diskussion erfolgt basierend auf Substitutions-, Lösungsmittel-, Konzentrations-, und Temperatur-Effekten. Die Komplexbildungskonstanten und die thermodynamischen Parameter ΔH o, ΔG o und ΔS o werden angegeben.
    Notes: Abstract The electronic absorption spectra of some 2-styryl-4-phenyl-thiazole ethiodides are studied in organic solvents of different polarities. The shorter wavelength band appearing in the visible region is assigned to an intramolecular charge transfer (CT)-transition originating from the phenyl moiety to the positively charged hetero ring, while the longer wavelength one is due to an intermolecular CT-transition from the iodide ion to the 2-styryl-4-phenyl-thiazolinium cation. These assignments are based on the nature of the aldehydic residue and effects of solvent, concentration, and temperature on both the position and absorptivity of the CT complex-band. It is concluded that the CT complex formed will be highly solvated inDMF, DMSO, ethanol and methanol relative to in CHCl3, dioxane and acetone. The formation constant of the CT complex in solutions of different polarities is determined at different temperatures. Furthermore, the thermodynamic parameters ΔH o, ΔG o and ΔS o for complex formation are calculated and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00909679
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anion-exchange separation of thorium and protactinium from uranium matrix (1976)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 66 (1976), S. 461-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Verteilungsverhalten von Th4+, Pa5+ und UO2 2+ zwischen dem Anionenaustauscher Amberlit IRA-400 und Gemischen aus Essigsäure und Salzsäure wurde untersucht. Das allgemeine Verhalten von Th4+ ist ähnlich dem von Uranylionen, wenngleich letztere von dem Harz viel stärker adsorbiert werden als Th4+. Protactinium zeigt ein abweichendes Verhalten im Vergleich zu Th4+ und UO2 2+. Die Trennfaktoren wurden berechnet und ein chromatographisches Verfahren zur Isolierung der angeführten Ionen entwickelt.
    Notes: Summary The distribution behaviour of Th4+, Pa5+, and UO2 2+ ions between the anion-exchanger Amberlite IRA-400 and acetic acid-hydrochloric acid mixtures, has been investigated. It was found that the general behaviour of Th4+ ions is similar to that of UO2 2+ ions though the latter are much more highly adsorbed by the resin than Th4+. Protactinium exhibited a different behaviour from both Th4+ and UO2 2+ ions. The separation factors were calculated, and a Chromatographic procedure for sequential isolation of each element was developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01220102
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New particles in radiotherapy: An introduction (1995)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 34 (1995), S. 37-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Since the discovery of x-rays and radioactivity, the radiotherapeutic management of malignancy has seen numerous spectacular improvements. Beside the widely used photons and electrons, one area of particular interest is the development and refinement of what has become known as “new particles”. In this paper we give a brief outline of the properties of such particles and catalogue the impact these have made on the clinical outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01210543
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutation of the surface valine residues 8 and 44 in the rubredoxin from Clostridium pasteurianum : solvent access versus structural changes as determinants of reversible potential (2000)
    Springer
    JBIC 5 (2000), S. 75-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1327
    Keywords: Key words Reduction potential ; Rubredoxin ; Square wave voltammetry ; X-ray crystallography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  The Pri sidechains of two adjacent valine residues, V8 and V44, define the surface of the rubredoxin from Clostridium pasteurianum and control access to its Fe(S-Cys)4 active site. To assess the effect of systematic change of the steric bulk of the alkyl sidechains, eight single and three double mutant proteins have been isolated which vary G (H), A (Me), V (Pri), L (Bui) and I (Bus) at those positions. X-ray crystal structures of the FeIII forms of the V44A and V44I proteins are reported. Positive shifts in reversible potential of up to 116 mV are observed and attributed to increased polarity around the Fe(S-Cys)4 site induced by (1) changes in protein backbone conformation driven by variation of the steric demands of the sidechain substituents and (2) changes in solvent access to the sidechains of ligands C9 and C42. Data for the V44A mutant show that a minor change in the steric requirements of a surface residue can introduce a NH···Sγ hydrogen bond at the active site and lead to a shift in potentialof +50 mV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00010656
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of oxygen doping on copper Chevrel compounds (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 68 (1987), S. 109-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The Chevrel compounds Cu1.8Mo6S8−x O x have been studied, wherex=0.00, 0.05, and 0.10. In order to establish the effects of incorporating a small amount of oxygen into Cu1.8Mo6S8, we have measured lattice parameters, superconducting transition temperatureT c, and the temperature dependence of both the upper critical fieldH c2 and the magnetic susceptibility x. We show that the usual method of making this compound incorporates oxygen, and that this impurity may be removed by gettering the material with Y2S3. We observe that the substitution of oxygen for sulfur in Cu1.8Mo6S8 increasesT c and decreases the ratioc/a of the hexagonal lattice constants and x. A breakdown in the rigid-band approximation is indicated by a comparison of the relative signs of the effect onT c and that on x. In addition to these observations, we report on a correlation between hardness andT c of Cu1.8Mo6S8 and on the temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility of Cu3.2Mo6S8.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00682624
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of steaming on yield and nutrient content of tomatoes grown in three substrates and on physical properties of the substrate (1972)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 36 (1972), S. 209-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Steam sterilization increased the yield of tomatoes grown on peat over 3 years. The increase becomes more pronounced with time. The effect of steaming was greater in the summer crop which has a duration of 6 months than in the autumn crop which has a duration of 4 months. Similar yield patterns were evident in tomatoes grown in sand and soil. Manganese levels in the growing media and in the foliage rose as a result of steaming, but toxic levels were reached only in plants growing on steamed soil which caused yield reduction. Leaf nitrogen content was increased as a result of steaming. Steaming over three years did not cause a breakdown of the structure of the peat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01373472
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of steaming on yield and nutrient content of tomatoes grown in three substrates and on physical properties of the substrate (1972)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 36 (1972), S. 209-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Steam sterilization increased the yield of tomatoes grown on peat over 3 years. The increase becomes more pronounced with time. The effect of steaming was greater in the summer crop which has a duration of 6 months than in the autumn crop which has a duration of 4 months. Similar yield patterns were evident in tomatoes grown in sand and soil. Manganese levels in the growing media and in the foliage rose as a result of steaming, but toxic levels were reached only in plants growing on steamed soil which caused yield reduction. Leaf nitrogen content was increased as a result of steaming. Steaming over three years did not cause a breakdown of the structure of the peat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01373472
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using analogical reasoning to design buildings (1988)
    Springer
    Engineering with computers 4 (1988), S. 107-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a methodology for identifying the relevant design elements for the synthesis of new structural designs using previous design situations and their corresponding solutions. The study is a reflection of the observation that engineers use related experience when solving new problems. The methodology is an application of transformational analogy, a form of analogical reasoning. A prototype system STRUPLE has been designed to implement the methodology, making use of knowledge based expert systems techniques. The emphasis of STRUPLE differs from that of traditional expert systems in that the latter only use formalized o or compiled knowledge, whereas STRUPLE uses an experience data base as a knowledge supplement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01199293
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissolved and particulate organic carbon in two wetlands in southwestern New South Wales, Australia (1993)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 264 (1993), S. 13-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: dissolved organic matter ; particulate organic matter ; wetlands ; floodplain forests ; Eucalyptus camaldulensis ; Australia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Concentrations of dissolved (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) in two billabong wetlands (Murrumbidgil Swamp and Lake Merrimajeel) in inland temperate Australia were positively correlated with leaf fall from river red gums Eucalyptus camaldulensis (DOC and POC in Murrumbidgil Swamp), phytoplankton productivity (DOC in Murrumbidgil Swamp, DOC and POC in Lake Merrimajeel), and with biomass of aquatic macrophytes (DOC in the two wetlands). DOC correlated with water level at both sites. Mean concentrations of DOC (Murrumbidgil Swamp, 36.0 gm-3; Lake Merrinmajeel, 27.5 g m-3) and POC (15.0 g m-3; 15.5 g m-3) were high compared with other water bodies worldwide, although average for wetlands. The relatively high concentrations of DOC and POC in the study wetlands appear to be the result of their high rates of plant production, and input of leaves from river red gums.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00014660
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