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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass, size and shape of micelles formed in aqueous solutions of ethoxylated nonyl-phenols (1987)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 265 (1987), S. 715-722 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Non-ionicsurfactants ; ethoxylatednonylsphenols ; micellar mass ; hydrodynamicradius ; conformation ofmicelles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The study was extended to analysis of mass, size and conformation of micelles formed in aqueous solutions of ethoxylated nonyl phenols. The results obtained by ultracentrifugal technique between 293 and 323 K have proved that the slightly ethoxylated nonyl phenols form micelles with high molecular mass and larger size at constant temperature, while the increasing length of the ethylene oxide chain favours formation of micelles of smaller molecular mass and size. The transformation of conformation from oblate to spherical shapes ensues with increasing temperature at constant ethoxy number or with ethoxylation at constant temperature. The second virial coefficient decreases with increasing temperature and decreasing ethoxy number. In accordance with the earlier conclucions, the change of the second virial coefficient relates to enhanced variation of monomer solubility, stabilization of micelle structure and increased deviation from ideal behaviour of a given micellar system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01425034
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Micelle formation of ethoxylated nonyl-phenols in aqueous solutions (1986)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 264 (1986), S. 267-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Non-ionic surfactants ; ethoxylated nonyl-phenols ; micellization ; thermodynamics of micelle formation ; critical micelle concentration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The micelle formation of nonyl-phenols with various numbers of ethoxy groups (n EO=10–40) was investigated in aqueous solutions and the study was focussed on the effect of temperature (293–323 K), the chain length and the inorganic electrolyte (NaCl) on the critical micelle concentration (c.m.c). The c.m.c. was determined by surface tension and interfacial tension measurements in a water/n-octane system. On the basis of the actual c.m.c. and its temperature dependence the thermodynamic functions of micelle formation (ΔH° m,ΔS°m,ΔG°m) were also calculated. The latter study comprised the determination of the thermodynamic function for unity ethoxy groups (Δ(ΔY° m)) as a function ofn EO. According to the experimental results the micellar solutions are the more stable, the smaller the number of ethoxy groups in the tenside molecule and the higher the temperature as well as the electrolyte content of the system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01414964
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion of Randon in Porous Media Saturated with Gels and Emulsions (1997)
    Springer
    Transport in porous media 27 (1997), S. 171-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1634
    Keywords: diffusion ; randon ; gel ; emulsion ; environmental protection.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effective diffusion coefficient of radon was determined in polymer/silicate gels and clay suspension used as sealing materials in environmental protection. On the basis of the experimental findings, it was concluded that both materials drastically decrease the convective mass transport in porous media. Simultaneously, the effective diffusion coefficient was reduced significantly. Thus, the radon flux might be decreased by 5 to 6 orders of magnitude in porous systems originally having gas or low water saturation by injection of gel-forming materials or placement of clay suspensions. At high water saturation, however, the diffusion transport of radon can be slightly restricted in consolidated and unconsolidated porous media. The laboratory studies may firmly allow us to conclude that hydrogels and clay suspensions are prospective candidates in an integrated environmental technology to be used for restriction of radon migration in subsurface regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006564200829
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of ethoxylated nonyl-phenols on interfacial rheological properties of oil/water systems (1997)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 275 (1997), S. 493-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Surfactants ; non-ionic tensides ; interfacial rheology ; oil ; water interface ; rigid films
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  Interfacial rheological properties of different Hungarian crude oil/water systems were determined in wide temperature and shear rate range and in presence of ethoxylated nonyl-phenols with ethoxy group number between 10 and 40. The fundamental conclusion of the experimental results is that the interfacial viscosity, the non-Newtonian flow behavior and the activation energy of the viscous flow drastically decrease in presence of non-ionic surfactants. Modification of these interfacial rheological properties increase with decreasing ethoxy group number and increasing tenside concentration and temperature. The most radical change was observed in presence of NPEO10. As a summary it was evidenced that the interfacial rheology is an efficient and powerful detection technique, which may enhance our knowledge on formation, structure, properties and behavior of interfacial layers formed in oil/water systems. Thus, similar studies will probably accelerate the progress significantly not only in oil recovery but also in all areas of colloid science and technology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050109
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of alkaline materials on interfacial rheological properties of oil-water systems (1999)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 277 (1999), S. 41-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Alkaline materials ; Interfacial rheology ; Oil-water interface ; Rigid films
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Interfacial rheological properties of a model crude oil-water system were studied in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The interfacial viscosity, the non-Newtonian flow behavior and the activation energy of viscous flow were determined as a function of shear rate, alkali concentration and aging time. The fundamental conclusion of the experimental results is that the interfacial viscosity drastically decreases in the presence of alkaline materials and the change under favorable conditions may exceed 3 or 4 orders of magnitude. Simultaneously, the sodium hydroxide effectively suppresses the non-Newtonian flow behavior of the interfacial layer. The experimental observations are explained by simultaneous chemical processes taking place in the boundary layer. The present data may help to elucidate the formation, stability and breaking of alkali-containing oil-water emulsions and they provide additional information for better understanding of the displacement mechanism and for the formulation of alkaline flooding as a potential chemically enhanced oil-recovery method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050365
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enthalpy-entropy compensation of micellization of ethoxylated nonyl-phenols (1992)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 270 (1992), S. 799-805 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Non-ionic surfactants ; micellization ; enthalpy/entropy compensation ; compensation temperature ; thermodynamic function of micellization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The thermodynamics of micellization of non-ionic surfactants (ethoxylated nonyl-phenols with different chain length) was studied as a function of ethoxy group number, electrolyte concentration and type, and concentration of short-chain alcohols at different temperature. On the basis of the thermodynamic data the enthalpy/entropy correlation and the ΔH/ΔS compensation temperature were calculated to characterize the solvent-solute and solute-solute interaction. The experimental results have definitely proved that a well-defined correlation exists for all investigated systems and the compensation temperature is independent of the ethoxy group number and the presence of alcohols. The inorganic electrolytes, however, decrease theT c compared to both alcohol-free and alcohol-containing systems, indicating the change in the mechanism of the micellization process. The new theoretical results significantly contribute to confirmation of the earlier conclusion concerning the stability and the structure of non-ionic surfactant solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00776152
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of carbon dioxide on rheological properties and structure of polyacrylamide solutions (1996)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 274 (1996), S. 959-965 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Carbon dioxide ; polyacrylamides ; rheological properties ; solution structure ; degradation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of CO2 on rheological properties and structure of polyacrylamide solutions was studied as a function of pressure, treating time, polymer type and presence of inorganic electrolytes and natural formation rocks. It was found that the serious deterioration of the solution viscosity can be attributed mostly to the change of the solution structure, while the actual molecular degradation plays negligible role in the process. The phenomena are explained by modification of the dissociation equilibrium of poly-electrolytes in presence of high hydrogen ion concentration. The experimental results may contribute significantly to elaboration of new stabilization concepts in special enhanced oil recovery technologies based on joint application of carbon dioxide and polymers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00656625
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of non-ionic surfactants on interfacial rheological properties of crude oil/water systems (1997)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 105 (1997), S. 302-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Surfactants ; non-ionic tensides ; interfacial rheology ; oil-water interface ; rigid films
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Interfacial rheological properties of different Hungarian crude oil/water systems were determined in wide temperature and shear rate range and in the presence of ethoxylated nonyl-phenols with ethoxy group number between 10 and 40. The fundamental conclusion of the experimental results is that the interfacial viscosity, the non-Newtonian flow behavior and the activation energy of the viscous flow drastically decrease in the presence of non-ionic surfactants. Modification of these interfacial rheological properties increase with decreasing ethoxy group number and increasing tenside concentration and temperature. The most radical change was observed in the presence of NPEO10. As a summary it was evidenced that the interfacial rheology is an efficient and powerful detection technique, which may enhance our knowledge on formation, structure, properties and behavior of interfacial layers formed in oil/water systems. Thus, similar studies will probably accelerate the progress significantly not only in oil recovery but also in all areas of colloid science and technology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01188969
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  • 9
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    Effect of non-ionic surfactants on interfacial rheological properties of crude oil/water systems (1997)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0372-820X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-1536
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Micelle formation of ethoxylated nonyl-phenols in aqueous solutions (1986)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0372-820X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-1536
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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